NEED FOR SMART MOBILITY AND CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR TRANSITIONING TOWARD IT IN CAR-DEPENDENT COUNTRIES: INSIGHTS FROM LITERATURE

ALMAGHLOUTH, Talal; GAZDER, Uneb; ABUDAYYEH, Osama · 2024 · Crossref

DOI: 10.20858/sjsutst.2024.122.2

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Summary

This paper addresses the critical need for transitioning from car-dependent urban systems to smart mobility, particularly in countries where automobile-centric infrastructure dominates. The research is motivated by the negative impacts of car dependence, including traffic congestion, environmental pollution, social inequity, and road safety hazards. The authors aim to define smart mobility, analyze its components, and identify the specific challenges and opportunities associated with this transition in car-dependent nations. By synthesizing existing literature, the study seeks to provide decision-makers with a framework to anticipate obstacles and implement effective strategies for sustainable urban transformation. The study employs a modified systematic literature review (SLR) methodology, following a three-step process: planning, conducting, and reporting. The authors formulated specific research questions regarding the definition, impacts, and challenges of smart mobility. They searched Google Scholar using eight key phrases, screening approximately 120 articles to identify 84 relevant studies published primarily between 2010 and 2020. The review included peer-reviewed journals, technical reports, and conference proceedings, excluding studies focused solely on specific technological modeling. The analysis treated articles as qualitative data sources, extracting information on technology, infrastructure, data management, and policy factors. Additionally, the paper examines case studies of cities with significant progress in smart mobility, such as London, Seattle, and New York, to benchmark successful implementation strategies. The findings highlight that smart mobility comprises several key components: public transport integration, Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity, electric mobility, and shared mobility services like ride-sharing and bike-sharing. The transition offers significant benefits, including reduced traffic congestion, lower air and noise pollution, improved transit safety, and decreased transfer costs between transport modes. However, car-dependent countries face substantial barriers, including inadequate infrastructure, low public acceptance of new technologies, financial constraints, and difficulties in managing big data quality and privacy. The review also notes that while technological solutions like autonomous vehicles are prominent, their sustainability is debated, with some researchers advocating for broader social and political changes. Case studies reveal that successful transitions, such as those in London, rely on aggressive government policies, strict emission regulations, and integrated public transport systems that prioritize pedestrians and shared mobility over private car ownership. The significance of this research lies in its comprehensive mapping of challenges to actionable recommendations for policymakers. The authors conclude that overcoming the barriers to smart mobility requires aggressive government policies, greater social inclusivity, and strategic investment in IoT applications and reliable infrastructure. The study emphasizes that transitioning away from car dependence is essential for achieving sustainable urban development and improving the quality of life for inhabitants. By providing a detailed overview of the state-of-the-art research and practical insights from leading cities, the paper serves as a guide for car-dependent countries to plan their mobility transitions effectively, thereby saving costs and efforts while fostering a more equitable and environmentally friendly transportation system.

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