A Study on Factors Affecting the Utilization of Park-and Ride Facilities in Cheras
DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/201913604086
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Summary
This study investigates the factors influencing the utilization of park-and-ride facilities in Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, aiming to address the region’s severe traffic congestion and low public transport adoption. Despite the expansion of railway networks, many commuters prefer private vehicles due to perceived convenience and reliability. The research seeks to identify specific barriers—such as safety concerns, infrastructure design, travel cost, car ownership, and trip purpose—that deter users from adopting park-and-ride schemes, which are critical for reducing urban traffic and promoting integrated transit systems. The researchers employed a quantitative approach, distributing questionnaires to 150 commuters in Cheras who had prior experience with park-and-ride facilities. The study utilized convenience sampling and analyzed data using SPSS version 22. The methodology included descriptive analysis, normality tests, reliability tests (Cronbach’s Alpha), and multiple regression analysis to examine the relationship between five independent variables and the dependent variable (utilization of park-and-ride facilities). The survey instrument was validated through a pilot test with 30 respondents, ensuring high reliability with Cronbach’s Alpha values ranging from 0.763 to 0.954. The findings reveal that the majority of respondents are young, single, and predominantly students or low-income earners, with private cars being the most frequently used mode of transport. Descriptive results indicate that 61.3% of respondents cite safety concerns as a primary barrier, followed by infrastructure design (42.7%), car ownership (38%), and trip purpose (32%). Multiple regression analysis confirmed significant relationships between safety concern (p=0.005), car ownership (p=0.012), and infrastructure design (p=0.031) and the utilization of park-and-ride facilities. However, travel cost and trip purpose did not show statistically significant relationships in the regression model. The study concludes that safety issues and inadequate infrastructure are the primary deterrents to usage. The significance of this research lies in its identification of specific operational and psychological barriers to park-and-ride adoption in urban Malaysia. The results suggest that merely expanding railway networks is insufficient; improvements in facility refurbishment and safety assurances are necessary to encourage commuters to shift from private cars to public transit. By addressing these factors, policymakers can enhance the effectiveness of park-and-ride schemes, thereby reducing traffic congestion and promoting sustainable urban mobility.
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