Performance Evaluation of a Four-Legged Signalized Intersection with Variable Traffic Flow Dynamics

Dağlı, Eren; Aydın, Metin Mutlu; Stevic, Zeljko · 2024 · Crossref

DOI: 10.56578/mits030303

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Summary

This study evaluates the operational performance of the Coşandere intersection, a four-legged signalized junction in Konya, Turkey, to address traffic congestion challenges arising from rapid urbanization and increased vehicle ownership. The intersection serves as a critical collector and distributor for main arterials, linking major regional routes. The research aims to quantify current traffic dynamics and identify opportunities for improving efficiency through geometric adjustments or signal optimization, providing a reference for urban planning in developing countries with similar traffic cultures. The methodology involved field data collection and micro-simulation modeling. Video surveillance was employed to record traffic during morning and evening peak hours over three days in May 2024. Analysis revealed that evening peak volumes were significantly higher, leading to the selection of evening data for the primary assessment. The total traffic volume was determined to be 1,874 vehicles per hour. The existing geometric design, including lane configurations and turning islands, along with the fixed-time signalization system, was modeled using PTV Vissim software. The simulation incorporated specific traffic volumes and movement distributions, noting that the current signal plan operates in four phases despite having separate left-turn infrastructure that functions simultaneously with through traffic. The simulation results indicated an average delay of 44.1 seconds per vehicle, an average of 0.9 stops per vehicle, and an average speed of 29.6 km/h. These metrics correspond to a Level of Service (LOS) classification of D, suggesting moderate operational efficiency. The study found that while the intersection accommodates current demand, the high volume of vehicles results in significant cumulative stops and delays. Movement analysis showed distinct patterns across legs, with high right-turn rates on the west and south legs and predominant left-turn movements on the west leg. The researchers noted that the current signal timing, while roughly proportional to leg volumes, lacks precision and fails to utilize the dedicated left-turn phases effectively. The findings conclude that the intersection does not require urgent structural overhaul but would benefit from targeted improvements. The authors recommend implementing an adaptive traffic signal control system to better respond to variable traffic densities and reduce delays. Additionally, geometric modifications, such as separating left-turn lanes further back on the south and north approaches, could reduce queue lengths and stop frequencies. The study highlights that while the current LOS D is acceptable given the intersection’s location and function, simple enhancements to signalization and geometry could elevate performance to LOS C, thereby improving driver satisfaction and reducing environmental impacts associated with stop-and-go traffic.

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• intersection design