THE EFFECTIVENESS OF KUPANG CITY OUTER RING ROAD DEVELOPMENT

Djaha A.; Djani W.; Nursalam · 2022 · DOAJ

DOI: 10.18551/rjoas.2022-01.23

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Summary

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Kupang City Outer Ring Road development in Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia, and identifies the factors influencing its implementation. The research was motivated by the need to assess government infrastructure programs that support public welfare, particularly given the obstacles encountered during the construction of this 22-kilometer national road segment, which was originally planned in 1970 but faced significant delays due to funding and land acquisition issues. The authors employed a qualitative case study approach, selecting the Kupang City Outer Ring Road through purposive sampling. Data were collected via interviews, documentation, and observation from primary and secondary sources, with informants chosen based on specific considerations. The analysis utilized Miles and Huberman’s technique, involving data reduction, presentation, and conclusion verification, validated through data triangulation. Effectiveness was measured using two frameworks: the goal attainment approach, which compared objectives against real conditions, and the system approach, which examined inputs, processes, outputs, and outcomes. The findings indicate that the outer ring road development was ineffective. Under the goal attainment approach, the government failed to achieve key objectives, including reducing traffic congestion within the city, increasing traffic volume on the outer ring road, and boosting economic activity in the surrounding areas. The system approach revealed inefficiencies across all stages: inadequate planning led to route changes; the process was hindered by land acquisition disputes and budget constraints; and outputs were compromised by these upstream failures. Supporting factors included the demand for an alternative road to alleviate city traffic, the need for equitable economic distribution in suburban areas, and funding from the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN). Conversely, inhibiting factors comprised poor planning, unresolved land acquisition issues in densely populated areas, provincial budget constraints, inability to secure political lobbying for central funds, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, lack of policies mandating heavy vehicle usage, low community understanding of the project’s benefits, and low traffic volume. The study concludes that managerial failures in planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling were the primary causes of the development’s ineffectiveness. Specifically, the lack of coordination between central and local governments regarding land acquisition funding and implementation responsibilities created significant bottlenecks. The authors recommend evaluating development plans to prevent future changes, accelerating landowner negotiations with fair pricing, engaging central political actors to secure funding, and conducting continuous community socialization to highlight the project’s benefits. These findings underscore the importance of robust administrative management and inter-governmental coordination in public infrastructure projects.

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