Evaluation of the Use and Reasons for Not Using a Helmet by Motorcyclists Admitted to the Emergency Ward of Shahid Bahonar Hospital of Kerman

Faryabi, Javad; Rajabi, M. Mir; Alirezaee, Shahin · 2014 · OpenAlex-citations

DOI: 10.5812/atr.19122

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Summary

This study investigates the prevalence of helmet use and the specific reasons for non-compliance among motorcyclists involved in traffic accidents in Kerman, Iran. Motivated by the high morbidity and mortality associated with motorcycle crashes, particularly traumatic brain injuries, the research aims to identify barriers to helmet adoption to inform public health interventions. The authors note that while helmets significantly reduce injury severity and death rates, usage rates in Iran vary widely, and the specific deterrents for non-use had not been precisely evaluated in this region. The researchers conducted a cross-sectional study at the emergency ward of Shahid Bahonar Hospital, a trauma center in Kerman. Following a one-month pilot study to determine sample size, the main study surveyed 377 motorcyclists admitted due to crashes. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire, validated by experts with a content validity index of 0.86 and a Cronbach’s alpha reliability of 0.75. The questionnaire assessed demographic characteristics, accident history, and reasons for not wearing a helmet. Statistical analysis included multiple logistic regression to evaluate relationships between demographic factors and helmet use. The results revealed a low helmet usage rate, with only 21.5% of participants wearing helmets at the time of their accident. Physical discomfort was the primary barrier to use. Specifically, 77% cited the heavy weight of the helmet, 71.4% reported feeling excessive heat, 69.4% experienced neck pain, and 67.7% felt suffocation. Other significant factors included limited head and neck movement (59.6%) and visual limitations (57%). Psychological and behavioral factors also played a role; 53.4% believed helmets were unnecessary when riding slowly, 49.8% felt safe on quiet streets without them, and 64.8% omitted helmets when in a hurry. Statistically, there was no significant relationship between helmet use and age or education level. However, a significant association existed between accident history and helmet use: motorcyclists with prior accidents were significantly less likely to wear helmets (adjusted odds ratio < 1), suggesting persistent high-risk behavior despite previous trauma. The study concludes that physical discomfort is the dominant reason for non-compliance, implying that manufacturers should prioritize designing lighter, more comfortable helmets. Additionally, the finding that previous accidents do not deter non-use highlights the need for targeted educational campaigns and behavioral interventions. The authors suggest that increasing community knowledge regarding the protective benefits of helmets, combined with improvements in helmet design, could significantly reduce trauma-related morbidity and mortality among motorcyclists.

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• helmet protective