Improvement of Network Performance by In-Vehicle Routing Using Floating Car Data

Klunder, Gerdien A.; Taale, Henk; Kester, Leon; Hoogendoorn, Serge · 2017 · DOAJ

DOI: 10.1155/2017/8483750

archive: archived pipeline: cataloged verified

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Summary

This study investigates the potential improvement in network performance achieved through individual in-vehicle routing advice based on Floating Car Data (FCD). The research is motivated by the need to quantify the benefits of smart routing systems and determine the necessary FCD penetration rates to achieve meaningful traffic improvements, particularly in urban networks where loop detector coverage is limited. The authors aim to answer how much traffic data is required to provide adequate routing advice and what the resulting impact is on both individual drivers and the network as a whole. The methodology combines historical real-world data with simulation modeling. The study utilizes a network of 12,425 links in the Amsterdam region, using loop detector data from the Dutch National Data Warehouse to establish a "ground truth" of traffic conditions. An Origin-Destination (OD) matrix was derived from a calibrated strategic model and aggregated into 183 zones. The smart routing algorithm consists of an offline route generation phase, which identifies up to ten alternative routes per OD pair based on travel time, distance, and comfort metrics, and an online phase that provides real-time advice. Two scenarios were compared: a base case where drivers choose routes based on average historical travel times using a multinomial logit model, and a smart routing case where users with the system select from the shortest real-time routes. The study varied FCD penetration rates (1% to 90%) and data accuracy to assess their impact on network performance. The results indicate that the improvement in total network delay is dependent on both the penetration rate of the smart routing system and the accuracy of the FCD. For a 10% penetration rate of the routing system, the total delay reduction varied between 2.0% and 3.4%. The study also analyzed the relationship between FCD penetration and data availability, finding that a 10% FCD penetration rate results in reliable speed data for 76% of links, while 50% penetration covers 99% of links. The authors estimate that the observed improvements translate to yearly savings of approximately 15 million euros, calculated using standard values for the value of time. The analysis further revealed that low penetration rates (e.g., 1%) often result in insufficient data coverage to estimate speed errors reliably, whereas higher rates significantly reduce the probability of having no FCD vehicles on a link. The significance of this work lies in providing a quantitative basis for the cost-benefit analysis of smart routing implementations. It demonstrates that even moderate penetration rates of in-vehicle routing systems can yield substantial network-wide benefits and economic savings. The findings help clarify the trade-offs between data collection costs and traffic management performance, suggesting that sufficient FCD coverage is achievable at relatively low penetration rates. This supports the feasibility of large-scale implementation of such systems in urban areas, provided that adequate data quality and user adoption levels are maintained.

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• in vehicle coaching