Economic Evaluation of Mobile and Modular Housing Shipments by Highway: Vol. I, Research Report

Glauz, W. D.; Hutchinson, B. M.; Kobett, D. R. · 1974 · ROSA P / United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. Offices of Research and Development

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Summary

This 1974 research report, conducted by the Midwest Research Institute for the Federal Highway Administration and the Department of Housing and Urban Development, addresses the economic and safety implications of transporting wide-load mobile and modular housing units via highway. The study was motivated by the rapid growth of the mobile home industry, particularly the shift from narrow units to 12-foot and 14-foot wide loads that require special permits. The primary objective was to gather empirical data to help state regulators establish rational policies that ensure safe transportation without imposing undue economic burdens on purchasers, states, or other highway users. The research employed a multi-faceted data collection methodology. First, researchers conducted 62 trips totaling approximately 12,000 miles across 20 states, using photographic and visual observations to record traffic interactions with 12- and 14-foot wide mobile and modular homes. This involved analyzing over 25,000 film frames to determine speed-distance profiles, lane occupancy, and overtaking behaviors. Second, nearly 3,000 motorists were interviewed on highways in six states to assess public opinion regarding delays and safety hazards. Third, extensive cost and operational data were collected from carriers through on-site interviews, and regulatory information was gathered from state officials via mail, telephone, and personal interviews. The study analyzed these data to address specific regulatory questions, including the necessity of permits, permit reciprocity, escort vehicle requirements, speed limits, and the use of divided versus two-lane roads. The findings indicated that while wide loads may experience a higher total accident rate, injury and fatality rates are comparable to or lower than those of other vehicle classes, with most accidents involving only property damage to the wide load itself. The research quantified the costs imposed on the motoring public, including incremental operating costs for fuel and tires, delays, and increased air pollution. It also detailed the financial burdens on shippers and states related to permit acquisition and regulatory compliance. The significance of this work lies in its provision of a comprehensive, evidence-based framework for regulating oversize loads. The report concludes that current state regulations vary widely and often lack consistency, creating inefficiencies. Based on the analysis, the authors offer specific recommendations regarding permit operations, such as the advisability of multiple-trip permits and interstate reciprocity, and regulatory measures, including reasonable speed limits, lighting requirements, and the conditions under which escort vehicles are necessary. These findings aim to balance traffic safety with the economic realities of the housing industry, providing a basis for more uniform and effective state policies.

Key finding

The study collected comprehensive data on traffic safety measures, public attitudes, and regulatory costs to support rational decision-making for state regulations regarding wide-load movements.

Methodology

mixed_methods

Sample size: 3000

Provenance

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Summary generated by qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant on 2026-06-10; verification: verified.

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• regulatory evaluation