Study of the friction of the brake shoe of a freight car

Inagamov, Sardor; Djabbarov, Shukhrat; Abdullaev, Bakhrom; Ruzmetov, Yadgor; Inoyatov, Kamoliddin; Hurmatov, Yahyo · 2023 · Crossref

DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202340105036

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Summary

This paper addresses the need for improved braking systems in freight cars driven by the strategic development of heavy and high-speed railway transport. As axle loads and speeds increase, existing brake pad designs—primarily cast iron and composite materials—have shown significant operational defects, including material tearing, metal enveloping, and wedge-shaped wear. To mitigate these issues and optimize the thermal regime of friction units, the authors propose and analyze a new sectional brake pad design consisting of three independent blocks fixed within a metal frame. This modular approach allows for hybrid configurations combining cast iron and composite materials to balance friction performance and thermal management. The study employs theoretical calculations to evaluate the friction coefficients and specific braking forces of four distinct pad configurations: two composite blocks with one cast iron block, two cast iron blocks with one composite block, three cast iron blocks, and three composite blocks. The analysis utilizes empirical formulas that account for pressing force, speed, and contact area to determine the coefficient of friction for each material type. The authors calculate the permissible pressing forces based on maximum allowable pressures of 1.3 MPa for cast iron and 0.9 MPa for composite materials. Additionally, the study assesses the specific braking force during emergency braking and the coefficient of instantaneous use of the adhesion margin to ensure safety and efficiency under various operating conditions. The results demonstrate that the proposed sectional design allows for precise calculation of friction characteristics across different speeds and pressing forces. The hybrid configurations, particularly those incorporating cast iron inserts, are shown to effectively manage thermal loads during prolonged braking processes. The calculations provide specific friction coefficients and braking force metrics for each option, illustrating how the distribution of materials affects overall performance. The study confirms that the modular design maintains effective braking capability while addressing the thermal and wear-related deficiencies observed in traditional monolithic pads. The significance of this research lies in the scientific substantiation of sectional brake pads as a viable improvement for railway rolling stock. The authors conclude that the proposed design, especially hybrid variants, is suitable for locomotives and freight cars operating in challenging environments, such as mountainous railway sections. By recommending these pads for further study and implementation, the paper contributes to the enhancement of railway safety and efficiency, supporting the broader goal of developing heavy and high-speed freight transport infrastructure.

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• road surface friction