Methodology for rationing material resources for buses

Kurganov, V. M.; Gryaznov, M. V.; Dorofeev, A. N.; Aduvalin, A. A. · 2022 · DOAJ

DOI: https://doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2022-1-102

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Summary

This paper addresses the inefficiency of current industry standards for rationing material resources in Russian bus transport. Existing norms, such as those mandated by the Ministry of Transport, are advisory and averaged across all carriers, failing to account for individual operating conditions. Consequently, planned resource consumption figures often diverge significantly from actual usage, leading to poor production planning and inventory management. The authors propose a methodology for calculating resource consumption rates based on statistical data derived from objective control systems and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. This approach aims to incorporate significant operational factors to improve the accuracy of rationing and pricing for fuel, lubricants, spare parts, and tires. The study combines theoretical analysis with experimental research conducted at operating passenger transport enterprises. Theoretical work involved systemic, statistical, and factorial analyses of scientific literature and regulatory frameworks. Experimental methods included mathematical statistics, computer modeling, and field observations. Data were collected from 20 transport firms to identify significant factors influencing resource consumption. Experts with practical experience in bus fleet operation validated these factors. The research focused on domestically produced buses of various capacities, analyzing dependencies between operational indicators and specific factors such as traffic speed, mileage, and driver qualification. The primary findings include a comprehensive set of qualitative and quantitative indicators for factors determining material resource consumption. The authors developed mathematical models for calculating consumption norms for fuels, lubricants, spare parts, and tires, as well as corresponding standard operating costs. Specifically, the study established dependencies between diesel fuel consumption and tire resource mileage and significant factors like traffic speed and operational intensity. For instance, fuel consumption was modeled based on seasonal variations, traffic speed, and mileage intensity, while tire wear was linked to driver qualification and bus construction complexity. The methodology allows for the calculation of norms that reflect individual operating conditions rather than relying on generic averages. The significance of this work lies in its potential to enhance the efficiency of passenger transportation by ensuring the reliability of material resource consumption rates. By adopting this methodology, transport companies can reduce inventory volumes, increase capital turnover, and improve the precision of cost estimation and pricing. The study highlights the necessity of moving away from outdated, averaged norms toward data-driven rationing that accounts for the complex interplay of operational factors. This contributes to the broader field of resource saving in the motor transport complex, offering a practical tool for optimizing operational costs and improving the convergence of planned and actual performance metrics.

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