Epidemiological characteristics of injury mortality in Guangdong Province, China, 2015

Meng, Ruilin; Xu, Xiaojun; Xu, Yanjun; Luo, Chao; Xu, Haofeng; Wang, Ye; Song, Xiuling; Xia, Liang; Xiao, Ni; Zhou, Shaoen; Lin, Lifeng · 2019 · DOAJ

DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6437-6

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Summary

This study investigates the epidemiological characteristics of injury mortality in Guangdong Province, China, during 2015. Motivated by the fact that injury is the fourth leading cause of death in the province and that mortality patterns shift with socioeconomic development, the research aims to describe the current burden and distribution of injury deaths to inform prevention strategies. The researchers utilized mortality data from the Disease Surveillance Points (DSP) system, a population-based surveillance network maintained by the Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Data were drawn from 14 surveillance areas (nine urban, five rural) selected for higher data quality. Injury causes were classified using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10), stratified by area, gender, age, and injury type. To address potential under-reporting, the study conducted an under-reporting survey in 2015 and adjusted mortality rates accordingly. Both crude and age-standardized mortality rates were calculated using Chinese and world standard populations. The analysis estimated approximately 38,200 injury deaths in Guangdong in 2015, yielding an overall mortality rate of 43.11 per 100,000. Unintentional injuries accounted for 83.93% of deaths, while suicide comprised 12.67%. Significant disparities were observed: rural areas had higher mortality rates than urban areas (51.29 vs. 31.31 per 100,000), and males had higher rates than females (52.42 vs. 33.19 per 100,000). The age-specific mortality rate followed a U-shaped curve, with peaks in children under five and adults over 85. The leading causes of injury death were falls, road-traffic accidents, suicide, drowning, and accidental poisoning. Notably, mortality rates for road-traffic accidents, drowning, and accidental poisoning were nearly twice as high in rural areas compared to urban areas. For males, road-traffic accidents were the primary cause of death, whereas for females, falls were the leading cause. The findings indicate that injury remains a critical public health issue in Guangdong, with rural males representing the most vulnerable subgroup. The study concludes that prevention efforts should prioritize road-traffic accidents, falls, suicide, drowning, and accidental poisoning. Specifically, interventions should target rural populations and men, addressing factors such as limited medical resources and higher-risk behaviors in these groups. The data provide a baseline for evaluating future injury control efforts and highlight the need for targeted resource allocation to reduce urban-rural inequalities in injury mortality.

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• fatality injury trends