Exploring Hybrid Vehicle Integration in Nablus Urban Shared-Taxis: Cost-Benefit and Exhaust Emissions Assessment

Salman, Sharif Bassam; Al-Sahili, Khaled · 2024 · Crossref

DOI: 10.35552/anujr.a.39.1.2317

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Summary

This study investigates the financial and environmental feasibility of replacing diesel-fueled shared-taxis with hybrid vehicles in Nablus, Palestine. The research is motivated by rising fuel costs, high exhaust emissions from the transportation sector, and the unique challenges posed by Nablus’s mountainous topography and traffic congestion. While electric vehicles are limited by insufficient local electricity infrastructure, hybrid vehicles offer a potential middle ground. The study aims to determine if hybrid integration is viable for public transport (PT) in this specific context, considering operational costs, revenues, and emission reductions. The methodology involved collecting quantitative and qualitative data through interviews and questionnaires distributed to 400 shared-taxi drivers and route managers, representing 60% of the drivers at the main PT station. Data covered nine intra-city routes with varying terrains, vehicle production years, fuel consumption, maintenance costs, and revenues. The researchers analyzed existing diesel vehicle expenses and emissions, then modeled two replacement scenarios: replacing vehicles manufactured in 2009 or older, and replacing vehicles from 2009–2014. Emission estimates were derived from manufacturer data and operating conditions, while financial analysis included fixed costs (depreciation, insurance) and operating costs (fuel, maintenance, station fees). The results indicate that an immediate, total switch to hybrid vehicles is not financially urgent. However, targeted replacement yields significant benefits. Scenario 1, replacing vehicles from 2009 or older, resulted in an average financial saving of 20.9% and a 33% reduction in CO2-equivalent exhaust emissions. Scenario 2, replacing vehicles from 2009–2014, yielded 15% financial savings and a 35% reduction in emissions. The study favors Scenario 1 as it aligns with the natural lifecycle replacement of aging vehicles. The analysis highlights that driving style and topography significantly impact fuel efficiency, with moderate driving styles achieving better consumption rates (21 km/liter) compared to mixed or external route usage. The study concludes that hybrid vehicles are a viable alternative for Nablus’s shared-taxis, particularly when replacing older diesel models. It recommends introducing hybrid vehicles for new shared-taxis entering service and advocates for national policies to encourage alternative fuels in the public transport sector. The findings emphasize that successful implementation requires considering local factors such as route topography and driving behaviors. This research provides a framework for assessing hybrid vehicle integration in developing countries with similar geographical and infrastructural constraints.

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