Exploring road safety of pedestrians in proximity to public transit access points (bus stops and metro stations), a case study of Montreal, Canada
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Summary
This study investigates pedestrian safety at Public Transit Access Points (PTAPs), specifically bus stops and metro stations, in Montreal, Canada. The research is motivated by the critical role of public transit in sustainable urban mobility and the high concentration of pedestrian-vehicle collisions near these access points. Statistics indicate that approximately 65% of pedestrian collisions in Montreal occur within 60 meters of a PTAP. The authors aim to quantify the magnitude of these collisions and evaluate how traffic calming strategies and road geometry influence safety outcomes, addressing a gap in literature that often relies on small sample sizes or lacks comprehensive exposure controls. The methodology employs a spatial analysis of 2,650 PTAPs, categorized into 1,709 sites near intersections and 941 midblock sites. Data were aggregated from 2012 to 2020, including collision counts, vehicle and pedestrian traffic volumes, bus route frequencies, and road geometric features such as lane width, sidewalk width, median presence, and road gradients. The study utilizes Getis-Ord Hotspot Analysis to identify spatial clusters of high collision frequency and Negative Binomial regression models to assess the relationship between built-environment factors and collision counts, controlling for traffic exposure. The results demonstrate that pedestrian collisions occur more frequently at intersections with PTAPs, particularly where there is a higher volume of bus traffic and a greater number of bus routes. The analysis identifies specific traffic calming measures that significantly improve safety: reducing road width, increasing sidewalk width, installing median refuge islands, implementing pedestrian crossing phases, and using vehicle stop signs. Conversely, the study finds that pedestrians face increased risk at PTAPs located on roads with high gradients and near intersections with a higher number of vehicle traffic flow directions. The significance of this research lies in its provision of evidence-based recommendations for urban planners and transit agencies. By analyzing a large dataset of PTAPs, the study offers robust insights into how specific geometric and design interventions can mitigate collision risks. The findings suggest that targeted infrastructure improvements, such as narrowing roads and enhancing pedestrian refuge areas, are effective strategies for promoting safer walking environments around public transit hubs, thereby supporting broader goals of sustainable transportation and urban safety.
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| Stage | Outcome | Tool | Model | Prompt | Attempts | Completed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| discover | success | Crossref | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-20 |
| archive | success | unpaywall | — | — | 2 | 2026-06-26 |
| extract | success | cached | — | — | 2 | 2026-06-26 |
| clean | success | clean | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-20 |
| chunk | success | chunk | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-20 |
| embed | success | embed | Qwen/Qwen3-Embedding-8B | — | 1 | 2026-06-20 |
| promote | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-20 |
| summarize | success | llm | qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant | summ-v5 | 1 | 2026-06-26 |
| tag | success | vector_similarity | — | — | 6 | 2026-06-20 |
| verify | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-26 |
Summary generated by qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant on 2026-06-26; verification: verified.
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