Study of Pedestrian Safety on Urban Roads under Mixed Traffic Conditions

Adinarayana, Badveeti; Mir, Mohammad Shafi · 2018 · Crossref

DOI: 10.26674/ijesacbt/2018/49416

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Summary

This study addresses the critical issue of pedestrian safety on urban roads in Srinagar, India, specifically focusing on un-signalized intersections under mixed traffic conditions. Motivated by the rapid increase in pedestrian volumes and the inadequacy of existing safety facilities in developing countries, the research aims to identify safety issues, develop a Pedestrian Safety Score Index (PSSI) model, and propose improvements for urban road infrastructure. The authors note that previous methods, such as accident rate analysis, are limited by data requirements, while existing conflict models often fail to accurately assess safety at un-signalized intersections in Indian contexts. The methodology involved a comprehensive field study at three high-flow locations in the Central Business District: Dal Gate, Near Mallinson Girls School, and Kashmir University. Data was collected through manual surveys of 1,526 pedestrians during peak hours, recording variables such as gender, age group, crossing speed, and walking direction. Additionally, questionnaire and opinion surveys were conducted to assess pedestrian perceptions of safety, infrastructure quality, and specific hazards. The researchers developed a multiple linear regression model using SPSS 16.0 to predict the PSSI score based on average pedestrian volume, cross-walking speed, crosswalk markings, crosswalk length, and weather conditions. The results indicate significant deficiencies in pedestrian infrastructure. Survey data revealed that 85% of respondents faced problems due to wide lanes, and 85% reported difficulties crossing during winter due to snow. Only 20% of respondents found footpath lighting adequate, while 80% cited obstructions like trees and poles as major issues. The developed PSSI model demonstrated a perfect fit with an R² value of 1.00, indicating that the selected variables fully explained the variation in pedestrian safety scores. The analysis highlighted that faded zebra markings, lack of pedestrian refuges, and poor footpath conditions significantly compromise safety. Furthermore, 75% of pedestrians identified a lack of safety facilities at un-signalized junctions as a primary concern. The study concludes that pedestrian facilities in Srinagar are inadequate, forcing pedestrians to use carriageways unsafely. The authors emphasize that lasting behavioral change requires proper infrastructure, including visible crosswalk markings, adequate lighting, pedestrian refuges for wide roads, and disciplined vehicle users. The findings suggest a need for comprehensive pedestrian safety policies, noting that current facility availability is merely 25%. The proposed PSSI model provides a tool for evaluating safety levels, while the survey results offer specific recommendations for infrastructure improvements to reduce conflicts and enhance safety for vulnerable road users.

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• pedestrian behavior perception