Different patterns and characteristics of Talar injuries at two main orthopedic trauma centers in Shiraz, south of Iran
DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04486-0
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Summary
This study investigates the epidemiological patterns, demographic characteristics, and injury mechanisms of talar fractures and dislocations to improve trauma management and reduce long-term complications. Talar injuries are rare but carry significant risks of morbidity, including osteonecrosis and arthritis. The research was motivated by a lack of comprehensive epidemiological data on talar injuries, particularly regarding specific fracture patterns and associated injuries in diverse populations. The researchers conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study reviewing medical records and operation notes from two major orthopedic trauma centers in Shiraz, Iran, between January 2014 and December 2019. The study included 367 patients with 370 talar injuries. Data collected included demographic information, mechanism of injury, fracture classification, and associated injuries. Radiological images and CT scans were reviewed by a senior orthopedic surgeon to classify fractures anatomically, using the Hawkins classification for talar neck fractures. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. The results identified a predominantly young male population, with a mean age of 31.8 years and 86.4% of patients being male. Motor vehicle accidents (MVA) were the most common mechanism of injury (46.1%), with motorcycle crashes being the most frequent type of MVA. Falls accounted for 43.3% of injuries. Fractures of the talar body, neck, and head were the most common injury type (61.1%), with isolated body fractures (21.9%) and isolated neck fractures (19.2%) being the most prevalent subtypes. Hawkins type IIA was the most common neck fracture classification (39.2%). Isolated lateral process fractures were the most frequent process fractures (14.3%). Approximately 62.4% of patients had associated injuries, most commonly fractures of the medial malleolus, fibula, and calcaneus. Most cases (67.8%) were managed surgically. The study concludes that talar injuries primarily affect active young men involved in high-energy trauma, particularly motorcycle accidents. The findings highlight the high prevalence of associated fractures, necessitating thorough evaluation of the entire foot and ankle in patients with talar injuries. The authors emphasize the need for strict traffic safety legislation, especially for motorcyclists, to reduce injury rates. This study represents the largest population-based analysis of talar injuries to date, providing critical data for trauma service organization and clinical management strategies.
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| Stage | Outcome | Tool | Model | Prompt | Attempts | Completed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| discover | success | Crossref | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-19 |
| archive | success | canonical_url | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-26 |
| extract | success | cached | — | — | 2 | 2026-06-26 |
| clean | success | clean | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-19 |
| chunk | success | chunk | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-19 |
| embed | success | embed | Qwen/Qwen3-Embedding-8B | — | 1 | 2026-06-19 |
| promote | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-19 |
| summarize | success | llm | qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant | summ-v5 | 1 | 2026-06-26 |
| tag | success | vector_similarity | — | — | 6 | 2026-06-19 |
| verify | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-26 |
Summary generated by qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant on 2026-06-26; verification: verified.
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