Interactive test stand for electric vehicle components
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Summary
This paper presents the design and application of an interactive test stand for electric vehicle (EV) components, developed at the Higher School of Economics and Innovation in Lublin in 2018. The research is motivated by the growing need for specialized diagnostic and repair skills in the EV sector, which differs significantly from internal combustion engine vehicles due to high-voltage systems (up to 500 V) and complex mechatronic architectures. The authors aim to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical competency for students and technicians, addressing the lack of universal diagnostic tools and the high costs associated with authorized service stations. The test stand replicates real-world EV components, including Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) and Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM), lithium-ion batteries, DC chargers, and Type 2 charging sockets with communication systems. Key components include a Mastervolt MLS 12/390 lithium-ion battery module (LiFePO4 technology, 12.8 V nominal, 30 Ah capacity) equipped with a Battery Management System (BMS), a Mastervolt Chargermaster 12/10 charger, and a GW Instek PEL-300 programmable electronic load. The setup also incorporates energy measurement devices and adapters to simulate various charging scenarios, such as converting Type 2 sockets to Schuko outlets, thereby demonstrating the communication protocols required between the charger and the vehicle. The study details experimental procedures involving the charging and discharging of the lithium-ion battery to analyze performance parameters. Measurements were taken using wattmeters, multimeters, and clamp meters to monitor power, energy, current, and voltage. Results showed that the charging process followed a specific strategy: power consumption started at 140 W, increased to approximately 160 W, and remained stable for three hours before decreasing in the final 30 minutes. The total charging duration was 3.5 hours, consuming 0.5 kWh of energy from the grid. Current measurements indicated a constant charging current of approximately 10.4 A during the bulk charging phase, with voltage rising as the State of Charge (SOC) increased. The authors also compared the test stand’s battery parameters with those of commercial vehicles like the Nissan Leaf and the Ursus Elvi prototype, highlighting trends in energy density and capacity improvements. The significance of this work lies in its contribution to technical education and the development of diagnostic methodologies. The test stand provides a safe, low-voltage (12 V) environment for students to learn about EV architecture, battery management, and charging strategies without the risks associated with high-voltage systems. The authors conclude that such practical training is essential for preparing engineers capable of servicing EVs in both authorized and independent workshops. Furthermore, the research underscores the importance of understanding battery health, thermal management, and charging infrastructure standards, which are critical for the broader adoption of electric mobility and the establishment of new regulatory norms.
Provenance
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| Stage | Outcome | Tool | Model | Prompt | Attempts | Completed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| discover | success | Crossref | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-18 |
| archive | success | canonical_url | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-25 |
| extract | success | cached | — | — | 2 | 2026-06-26 |
| clean | success | clean | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-19 |
| chunk | success | chunk | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-19 |
| embed | success | embed | Qwen/Qwen3-Embedding-8B | — | 1 | 2026-06-19 |
| promote | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-18 |
| summarize | success | llm | qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant | summ-v5 | 1 | 2026-06-26 |
| tag | success | vector_similarity | — | — | 6 | 2026-06-19 |
| verify | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-26 |
Summary generated by qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant on 2026-06-26; verification: verified.
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