Performance of the routine health information system for epidemiological surveillance of road traffic injuries in Benin
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Summary
This study evaluates the performance of Benin’s Routine Health Information System (RHIS) for the epidemiological surveillance of road traffic injuries (RTIs) in 2019. Motivated by the high burden of RTIs in Benin and the lack of a comprehensive national road safety policy, the research aimed to determine if the RHIS effectively monitors RTIs to support prevention strategies. The evaluation utilized guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, assessing the system against utility and quality criteria, including simplicity, flexibility, acceptability, completeness, exhaustiveness, stability, responsiveness, representativeness, and reactivity. The study employed a mixed-methods approach in the cities of Cotonou and Ouidah. Data were collected between March and April 2019 through document reviews of health statistics yearbooks and monthly epidemiological reports, as well as interviews with RHIS actors, including statisticians and health center staff. Quantitative assessments included calculating completeness rates from sampled reports and estimating exhaustiveness using the capture-recapture method, which compared RHIS data with records from the National Road Safety Centre. Qualitative assessments involved rating system components via structured questionnaires. The results indicated that the RHIS was useful, producing annual indicators within an average of five months, and demonstrated high stability (100%), representativeness (100%), and simplicity (82.54%). However, significant deficiencies were identified in data quality and coverage. Completeness was critically low at 16.27%, largely due to health center staff leaving cells empty rather than recording zeros. Exhaustiveness was estimated at 38.07%, indicating that the RHIS captured less than 40% of actual RTI cases. Acceptability was moderate at 51.4%, with only 44.77% of private health facilities participating in data collection. Furthermore, the system lacked integration with other data sources, such as the National Road Safety Centre, creating disjointed information streams. The authors conclude that while the RHIS is stable and simple, it is insufficient for accurately determining the magnitude of RTIs or guiding effective prevention policies due to low completeness, poor exhaustiveness, and limited participation from private and specialized public facilities. The study recommends a more holistic approach to improve system performance, including better training for data collectors, improved data collection tools, and the integration of data from multiple sources, such as police and insurance records, to enhance the reliability and utility of RTI surveillance in Benin.
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| Stage | Outcome | Tool | Model | Prompt | Attempts | Completed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| discover | success | Crossref | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-19 |
| archive | success | canonical_url | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-26 |
| extract | success | cached | — | — | 2 | 2026-06-26 |
| clean | success | clean | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-20 |
| chunk | success | chunk | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-20 |
| embed | success | embed | Qwen/Qwen3-Embedding-8B | — | 1 | 2026-06-20 |
| enrich | success | openalex | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-20 |
| promote | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-19 |
| summarize | success | llm | qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant | summ-v5 | 1 | 2026-06-26 |
| tag | success | vector_similarity | — | — | 6 | 2026-06-20 |
| verify | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-26 |
Summary generated by qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant on 2026-06-26; verification: verified.
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- Applied Guidance: countermeasure evaluation
- Empirical Findings: crash risk outcomes