Future Development of an Energy-Efficient Electric Scooter Sharing System Based on a Stakeholder Analysis Method

Macioszek, Elżbieta; Cieśla, Maria; Granà, Anna · 2023 · Crossref

DOI: 10.3390/en16010554

archive: archived pipeline: cataloged verified

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Summary

This paper addresses the challenge of identifying and categorizing stakeholders involved in the sustainable development of electric scooter (e-scooter) sharing systems, with a specific focus on Polish cities. The research is motivated by the rapid expansion of e-scooter services, which offer high energy efficiency compared to motor vehicles (90–100 km per kWh versus 2 km per kWh), yet face operational hurdles such as high charging costs and complex social interactions. While existing literature covers safety, demand forecasting, and environmental impacts, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis regarding the entities influencing these systems. The study aims to fill this gap by mapping stakeholder relationships to support strategic planning for public transport providers and to facilitate further reductions in urban energy consumption. The methodology is grounded in stakeholder theory and social network analysis. The researchers employed expert methods to identify stakeholders and utilized matrix and mapping techniques to evaluate their influence. A key component of the experimental design was the use of the MACTOR computer application, which allowed for the modeling of strategic interactions and cooperation suggestions among different stakeholder groups. The study focused on the Polish market, which saw significant growth between 2018 and 2022, with e-scooters accounting for nearly 76% of the micromobility sharing market. The analysis sought to assign stakeholders to specific groups and determine their roles in shaping sustainable urban mobility strategies. The findings provide a structured classification of stakeholders influencing e-scooter systems, although the specific list of identified entities is detailed in the full text. The study establishes relationships and cooperation suggestions for each stakeholder group, highlighting how coordinated action can enhance the sustainability of these services. The research confirms that the effectiveness of e-scooter systems depends not only on technical factors like battery capacity and utilization rates but also on the alignment of policies and the integration of various actors, including service providers, urban planners, and users. The MACTOR analysis revealed potential strategic pathways for improving cooperation among these entities. The significance of this work lies in its contribution to the strategic management of shared micromobility. By identifying key stakeholders and their interactions, the paper offers a framework for public transport organizers to better support e-scooter services. This approach aims to ensure the greater sustainable development of new mobility modes, which consume less energy and contribute to energy-efficient cities. The study underscores that successful implementation requires addressing the complexity of relations between entities, thereby supporting the transition away from private car use and reducing overall urban energy consumption.

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• micromobility e scooter