Effect of Actively-Device in Eco-Driving Support System on Proficiency of Driving Skill
DOI: 10.1527/tjsai.28.249
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Summary
This study investigates how different types of Eco-Driving Support Systems (EDSS) influence the proficiency of drivers' eco-driving skills. The authors distinguish between two system categories: direct EDSS, which automatically intervenes in vehicle operations to improve fuel economy, and indirect EDSS, which provides feedback information to encourage spontaneous driver effort. The research is motivated by the concern that direct systems may deprive drivers of the opportunity to master eco-driving techniques, whereas indirect systems might foster skill acquisition through active engagement. The study evaluates these effects through the lens of "FUBEN-EKI" (FUrther BENefit of a Kind of Inconvenience), a design methodology suggesting that systems requiring user effort can lead to skill mastery and subjective benefits. The researchers conducted driving simulator experiments with 12 male participants holding standard driver’s licenses. Participants were divided into two groups: Group I used a direct EDSS that suppressed fuel injection and smoothed engine signals, while Group II used an indirect EDSS that displayed fuel efficiency bars and achievement lamps based on user-adjustable difficulty levels. The experiment spanned three days, consisting of baseline driving, seven sessions with the respective EDSS, and a final baseline session. Key metrics included average fuel efficiency, coasting rate (indicating early deceleration), smoothness of accelerator operations, and subjective evaluations of active effort and awareness. Results indicated that the indirect EDSS significantly promoted skill proficiency. All participants in Group II improved their fuel efficiency in the final baseline session compared to the initial baseline, demonstrating retained skill acquisition. They also showed increased coasting rates and smoother accelerator operations, indicating mastery of specific eco-driving techniques. Subjectively, Group II participants reported higher levels of active effort and awareness regarding fuel efficiency. In contrast, Group I participants using the direct EDSS showed no statistically significant improvement in fuel efficiency or driving behavior in the final baseline session. While some individuals in Group I improved, others did not, and the group as a whole failed to demonstrate consistent skill acquisition. Participants in Group I also reported lower levels of active effort and less perceived utility of the system for improving driving skills. The study concludes that indirect EDSS, which requires drivers to actively interpret information and adjust their behavior, effectively fosters the mastery of eco-driving skills and enhances subjective motivation. This supports the FUBEN-EKI principle that systems imposing a degree of inconvenience or effort can yield greater long-term benefits by encouraging user engagement and skill development. Conversely, direct EDSS, while improving immediate fuel economy, may hinder skill acquisition by removing the need for driver intervention. The findings suggest that for long-term behavioral change and skill proficiency, support systems should prioritize information provision and user agency over automatic intervention.
Key finding
Indirect eco-driving support systems that provide information and require active driver engagement lead to significant improvements in fuel economy and driving skill proficiency, whereas direct intervention systems do not.
Methodology
simulator
Sample size: 12
Provenance
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| Stage | Outcome | Tool | Model | Prompt | Attempts | Completed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| discover | success | author_sweep | — | — | 2 | 2026-05-28 |
| archive | success | canonical_url | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-04 |
| extract | success | cached | — | — | 3 | 2026-06-10 |
| clean | success | clean | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-04 |
| chunk | success | chunk | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-04 |
| embed | success | embed | Qwen/Qwen3-Embedding-8B | — | 1 | 2026-06-04 |
| enrich | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-05-28 |
| promote | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-04 |
| summarize | success | llm | qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant | summ-v5 | 2 | 2026-06-10 |
| tag | success | vector_similarity | — | — | 15 | 2026-06-11 |
| verify | success | — | — | — | 2 | 2026-06-10 |
Summary generated by qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant on 2026-06-10; verification: verified.
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- Applied Guidance: countermeasure evaluation