Transit Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) assessment study.
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Summary
This report documents the Transit Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) Assessment Study, a project conducted by the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office (ITS JPO) and the Federal Transit Administration. The study was motivated by the need to identify and prioritize specific V2I applications that could enhance the safety, mobility, and efficiency of public transportation. While previous efforts, such as the Transit Safety Retrofit Package (TRP) deployed in Ann Arbor, Michigan, tested basic safety applications, this assessment aimed to determine which additional V2I applications should be pursued for future pilot deployments. The research sought to leverage the unique operational characteristics of transit vehicles to benefit both transit riders and general road users. The methodology involved a comprehensive review of transit collision data from the National Transit Database (NTD) for the years 2005–2010, alongside a literature review of connected vehicle research. The study engaged stakeholders through face-to-face meetings and webinars to brainstorm candidate applications. A two-round prioritization process was then employed to narrow down potential applications. Round 1 involved selection voting, and Round 2 focused on prioritization based on composite scores. This process reduced twelve potential applications to four for concept development, and subsequently to two for further development and testing. The analysis specifically examined infrastructure needs, data requirements, and constraints related to transit operations. The findings highlighted that motor buses account for the highest number of collisions, injuries, and fatalities among transit modes, with significant risks involving pedestrians and other motor vehicles. Based on stakeholder input and data analysis, four applications were selected for concept development: Transit Bus–Pedestrian/Cyclist Crossing Safety, Transit Bus Stop Pedestrian Safety, Transit Vehicle and Center Data Exchange, and Transit Traveler Information Infrastructure. The study concluded that these applications address critical safety gaps, particularly regarding pedestrian interactions at intersections and bus stops. The report also identified specific infrastructure components required to support these applications, noting that transit agencies have unique opportunities to contribute to data environments due to their fixed routes and institutional assets. The significance of this study lies in its establishment of a strategic roadmap for transit-specific connected vehicle technologies. By defining and prioritizing these application bundles, the report provides a guideline for future research, development, and deployment efforts. It recommends next steps including human factors analysis for driver interfaces, the creation of a strategic plan for transit connected vehicle safety, and exploratory research into light rail safety. The study underscores the potential for V2I technology to reduce transit-related crashes and improve operational efficiency, positioning the federal government to steward the integration of these technologies into the broader surface transportation system.
Key finding
Four transit V2I applications were selected for concept development: transit bus-pedestrian/cyclist crossing safety, transit bus stop pedestrian safety, transit vehicle and center data exchange, and transit traveler information infrastructure.
Methodology
mixed_methods
Provenance
The full processing record for this entry. Every stage of this paper's journey through the pipeline is logged — what ran, with which tool and model, how many attempts it took, and when it last completed. Discovered via bulk_ingest_rosap on 2026-05-23 (6 acquisition events logged).
| Stage | Outcome | Tool | Model | Prompt | Attempts | Completed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| discover | success | rosap | — | — | 2 | 2026-05-23 |
| archive | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-05-23 |
| extract | success | cached | — | — | 2 | 2026-06-10 |
| clean | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-01 |
| chunk | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-01 |
| embed | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-02 |
| enrich | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-05-23 |
| promote | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-05-23 |
| summarize | success | llm | qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant | summ-v5 | 3 | 2026-06-10 |
| tag | success | vector_similarity | — | — | 19 | 2026-06-11 |
| verify | success | — | — | — | 2 | 2026-06-10 |
Summary generated by qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant on 2026-06-10; verification: verified.
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