The Impacts and Adoption of Connected and Automated Vehicles in Tennessee

Mishra, Sabyasachee; Golias, Mihalis M.; Sharma, Ishant · 2021 · ROSA P / Tennessee. Department of Transportation

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Summary

This study investigates the adoption and market penetration of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) in Tennessee, addressing a gap in existing literature regarding the influence of social networks on consumer acceptance. While CAVs offer potential safety benefits by eliminating driver error, their widespread adoption faces barriers including cybersecurity concerns, liability issues, and high costs. The research specifically aims to model how peer-to-peer interactions, social status, and individual perceptions impact the intention to adopt CAVs, providing forecasts for the state’s future market share. The researchers conducted a statewide online survey of 4,602 Tennessee residents, distributed via Amazon Mechanical Turk, market research panels, and social media. The data was expanded to represent the entire state population using synthetic population generation software (PopGen). To analyze the data, the study employed a hybrid choice model combining structural equation modeling (SEM) and discrete choice modeling (DCM). This framework identified six attitudinal constructs—Social Status, Social Influence, CAV Benefits, CAV Barriers, CAV Purchase, and Media Influence—and estimated their effect on the likelihood of adopting five CAV-based travel modes: privately owned, carpool, public transport, and ride-hailing with or without a human backup driver. Additionally, an agent-based model was used to simulate the impact of word-of-mouth interactions and varying annual price reduction scenarios (5% to 20%) on future adoption rates. Key findings indicate that residents’ adoption intentions are significantly influenced by their social ties, tech-savviness, and willingness to pay for autonomous technology. Individuals with strong social networks are more concerned with social status and peer influence, while those lacking such input rely on media advertisements. The elderly and recent car buyers were less likely to adopt personally owned CAVs. Forecasting results revealed that adoption levels would be highest in four major Tennessee counties. Crucially, the models demonstrated that a 20% annual price reduction could increase the adoption rate by approximately 17 to 18 times, though overall adoption remained low in most counties even under optimistic pricing scenarios. The study concludes that boosting CAV adoption in Tennessee requires targeted policy interventions. Recommendations include implementing public awareness campaigns via social media, particularly targeting residents planning vehicle purchases within three years. To address price sensitivity, the authors suggest incentives for early adopters, such as tax rebates and reduced registration costs, alongside integrating CAVs with existing intelligent transportation systems to lower operational costs. Furthermore, leveraging the positive public perception of contactless delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic could help mitigate negative perceptions and accelerate acceptance. These findings provide transportation planners with evidence-based strategies to facilitate the transition to autonomous mobility.

Key finding

A 20% annual price reduction in CAVs can increase adoption rates by 17 times, while positive social influence and willingness to pay for autonomous technology significantly drive individual adoption intentions.

Methodology

survey

Sample size: 4602

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enrich success 1 2026-05-23
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tag success vector_similarity 24 2026-06-11
verify success 2 2026-06-10

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