Penilaian Beban Kerja Mental Menggunakan Nasa TLX Bagi Pengemudi Ojek Online di Kedungkandang Kota Malang

Septiari, Renny; Ditta Myrtanti, Reyni; Budiharti, Nelly · 2023 · Crossref

DOI: 10.36040/seniati.v7i2.7952

archive: archived pipeline: cataloged verified

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Summary

This study addresses ergonomic risks in small and medium enterprises (UMKM) producing tuber-based chips, specifically focusing on the non-ergonomic postures adopted by workers during the slicing process. The research was motivated by observations at a chip manufacturing unit in Malang, Indonesia, where workers performed manual slicing in a squatting position, leading to potential musculoskeletal disorders and reduced productivity. The primary objective was to evaluate these work postures using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method and propose improvements to mitigate health risks and enhance operational efficiency. The methodology involved observational data collection, interviews, and documentation to assess worker postures at two stations: tuber slicing and frying. The REBA method was applied to score body positions, including the neck, back, legs, arms, and wrists, while accounting for coupling and load factors. The initial assessment of the slicing station revealed significant ergonomic hazards. Workers maintained a squatting posture with a 60° back flexion and 22° neck flexion. The REBA analysis yielded a final score of 9, categorizing the slicing station as "high risk" for musculoskeletal injury. In contrast, the frying station, where workers stood, received a REBA score of 3 (right side) and 2 (left side), indicating a "low risk" level. To address the high-risk conditions in the slicing station, the researchers proposed the implementation of an electric motor-driven tuber slicing machine. This intervention aimed to eliminate the need for squatting and manual repetitive motion. The proposed machine has dimensions of 82 cm in length, 9 cm in width, and 101 cm in height, with a production capacity of 50.4 kg/hour. Post-implementation analysis showed a dramatic improvement in ergonomic safety. The new posture involved standing with a 0° back flexion and 20° neck flexion. The revised REBA score dropped from 9 to 3, reclassifying the station from "high risk" to "low risk." Additionally, the introduction of the machine resulted in a 737.49% increase in standard output, demonstrating significant gains in productivity. The study concludes that ergonomic interventions, specifically the mechanization of manual tasks, effectively reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in small-scale food production. By transitioning from a high-risk squatting posture to a low-risk standing posture via machine assistance, the enterprise not only improved worker safety but also substantially increased production efficiency. The findings underscore the importance of applying ergonomic assessment tools like REBA in UMKM settings to identify hazards and implement cost-effective solutions that balance worker health with operational productivity.

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