外源性注意与多感觉整合的交互关系

Peng, Xing; Chang, Ruosong; Guiqin, REN; Wang, Aijun; Tang, Xiaoyu · 2018 · OpenAlex-citations

DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1042.2018.02129

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Summary

This review article examines the complex and bidirectional interaction between exogenous attention (stimulus-driven, involuntary attention) and multisensory integration (MSI), the process by which the brain combines information from different sensory modalities. While the relationship between endogenous (voluntary) attention and MSI is well-documented, the role of exogenous attention remains less understood. The authors synthesize existing literature to clarify how exogenous attention modulates MSI and how MSI, in turn, influences exogenous attentional capture. Regarding the modulation of MSI by exogenous attention, the review highlights that exogenous cues generally reduce the magnitude of multisensory facilitation effects at cued locations compared to uncued locations. The authors evaluate three theoretical hypotheses explaining this reduction: spatial uncertainty, perceptual sensitivity, and inter-modal signal strength differences. Evidence suggests that spatial uncertainty is the most robust explanation across different stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs), as the unpredictability of cue validity lowers the reliability weight assigned to sensory inputs. In contrast, perceptual sensitivity and signal strength differences appear to depend on specific temporal conditions (short vs. long SOAs). The paper contrasts this with endogenous attention, which typically enhances MSI at attended locations, noting that exogenous attention operates via bottom-up mechanisms while endogenous attention operates top-down. Conversely, the review details how MSI modulates exogenous attention through both bottom-up and top-down pathways. Bottom-up, multisensory stimuli possess greater salience than unisensory stimuli, allowing them to automatically capture attention more effectively, particularly under high perceptual load conditions. This is evidenced by the "pip and pop" effect in visual search tasks, where synchronous auditory signals enhance the detection of visual targets. Top-down, the brain can form multisensory signal templates based on task goals. These templates allow for contingent attentional capture, where stimuli matching the stored multisensory features (e.g., combined visual and tactile or auditory features) capture attention more strongly than unisensory cues, even in non-spatial tasks. The authors conclude that the interaction between exogenous attention and MSI is multifaceted, involving distinct temporal dynamics and neural mechanisms compared to endogenous attention. They identify critical gaps in current research, specifically the lack of neurophysiological data explaining the mechanisms of exogenous attention’s modulation of MSI and the precise temporal stages of their interaction. Future research is urged to explore these neural underpinnings and investigate how factors such as task demands and individual expectations further influence this bidirectional relationship.

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Topics

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• multisensory crossmodal
• multimodal feedback