FMVSS 104
Standard No. 104; Windshield wiping and washing systems
| Issuing body | NHTSA |
|---|---|
| Committees | US DOT / National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) |
| First issued | 1968 |
| Status | active |
| Category | federal |
| Topics | hazard_perception, useful_field_of_view |
| Reference | https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-V/part-571/subpart-B/section-571.104 |
Scope
Specifies requirements for windshield wiping and washing systems, including minimum wiped areas (Areas A, B, C) of the windshield and minimum wipe frequencies, for passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses, so the operator can see sufficiently through the windshield. The required wiped/cleared area defines the driver's usable forward field of view in rain/spray.
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- FMVSS Considerations for Vehicles with Automated Driving Systems: Volume 3 · 2025 · paper relates to standard · 0.60 (embedding)
- FMVSS Considerations for Vehicles with Automated Driving Systems: Volume 4 · 2025 · paper relates to standard · 0.59 (embedding)
- Report of the Committee on the Motor Vehicle · 1924 · paper relates to standard · 0.58 (embedding)
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- Effects of Intelligent Warning Systems on Drivers' Steering Wheel Angle in Fog Situations · 2023 · paper relates to standard · 0.54 (embedding)
- Public Roads: A Journal of Highway Research and Development, Vol. 41 No. 2 · 1977 · paper relates to standard · 0.54 (embedding)
- Driver's Visibility Requirements for Roadway Delineation. Volume I: Effects of Contrast and Configuration on Driver Performance and Behavior · 1977 · paper relates to standard · 0.54 (embedding)
- Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration’s Advanced System Testing Utilizing a Data Acquisition System on the Highways (FAST DASH): Safety Technology Evaluation Project #1 Blindspot Warning: Final Report · 2014 · paper relates to standard · 0.54 (embedding)
- *JAMA Guideline for In-Vehicle Display Systems (*Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association) ↗ · 2005 · paper relates to standard · 0.53 (embedding)
- Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems (IVBSS): Phase I Interim Report · 2008 · paper relates to standard · 0.53 (embedding)
- Public Roads: A Journal of Highway Research, Vol. 36. No. 12 · 1972 · paper relates to standard · 0.53 (embedding)
- Driving in the Rain: A Survey toward Visibility Estimation through Windshields · 2023 · paper relates to standard · 0.53 (embedding)
- Preliminary human factors guidelines for automated highway system designers. Volume 1 : guidelines for AHS designers · 1998 · paper relates to standard · 0.53 (embedding)
- Third Annual Report of the Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership, April 2003 – March 2004 · 2005 · paper relates to standard · 0.53 (embedding)
- Highway Design and Operations Standards Affected by Driver Characteristics, Volume II: Final Technical Report · 1983 · paper relates to standard · 0.53 (embedding)