last mile delivery

Last-mile delivery automation: autonomous delivery vehicles, curb-side delivery robots, and package drop-off automation for the final leg of distribution. Automated final-leg delivery technology, distinct from human commercial-driver topics such as fleet safety programs (fleet_safety) and passenger-coach operation (bus_coach).

134 paper(s) · ranked by relevance to this topic

1. Systematization of autonomous vehicles in last mile transportation processes – taxonomy development and clustering of existing concepts ↗ · 2024 · Maas, Julian et al. · indexed
2. Autonomous Goods Vehicles for Last-mile Delivery: Evaluation of Impact and Barriers ↗ · 2020 · Sindi, Safaa et al. · indexed
3. Evaluating cost and design implications of a two-stage autonomous urban delivery system ↗ · 2025 · Kosch, Martin et al. · indexed
4. Tempered Enthusiasm: Consumer Perceptions of Autonomous Delivery Services ↗ · 2026 · Booth, Leon et al. · indexed
5. Introducing the Benefits of Autonomous Vehicles to Logistics During the COVID-19 Era ↗ · 2022 · Campisi, Tiziana et al. · indexed
6. Development of an Automated Delivery Vehicle ↗ · 2021 · University of Vocational Technology, Sri Lanka et al. · indexed
7. Understanding and Modeling Middle-Mile Logistics Automation · 2024 · Zou, Bo et al. · archived
8. Electric and Autonomous Vehicles in Italian Urban Logistics: Sustainable Solutions for Last-Mile Delivery ↗ · 2025 · Alsaleh, Abdullah · indexed
9. Automated Last Mile Connectivity for Vulnerable Road Users – Real-world Low Speed Autonomous Vehicle Deployment · 2022 · Grove, Kevin et al. · archived
10. Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search Metaheuristic for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem with Parcel Lockers ↗ · 2023 · Saker, Amira et al. · indexed
11. Exploring the use of automated vehicles as last mile connection of train trips through an agent-based simulation model: An application to Delft, Netherlands ↗ · 2017 · Scheltes, Arthur et al. · indexed
12. Last-Mile Delivery Optimisation with Autonomous Vehicles and Drones for Trust-Aware Multimodal Medical Logistics in Urban Environments ↗ · 2025 · Long, Yanyu et al. · indexed
13. Deployment Scenarios for Vehicles with Higher-Order Automation · 2016 · Beiker, Sven · archived
14. Changing technology in transportation : automated vehicles in freight. · 2017 · Ginsburg, Robert et al. · archived
15. Evaluation of Sidewalk Autonomous Delivery Robot Interactions with Pedestrians and Bicyclists · 2022 · Gehrke, Steven Robert et al. · archived
16. Drones for supply chain management and logistics: a review and research agenda ↗ · 2021 · Rejeb, Abderahman et al. · indexed
17. Overcoming Barriers to Freight and Logistics Firm Collaboration With Urban Planning · 2022 · McDonald, Noreen et al. · archived
18. A Mobile Application for Collecting Task Time Data for Value Stream Mapping of the Final 50 Feet of Urban Goods Delivery Processes ↗ · 2018 · Kim, Haena et al. · indexed
19. Planning and control of autonomous mobile robots for intralogistics: Literature review and research agenda ↗ · 2021 · Fragapane, Giuseppe et al. · indexed
20. Measurement and Analysis of Crowdsourced Vehicle Vibration Levels during Last Mile Delivery Segments for Parcel Shipments ↗ · 2022 · Dunno, Kyle et al. · indexed
21. Comparative Analysis of Stated Preference Data for Identifying Driving Behaviour Patterns of Last-Mile Delivery Professionals · 2024 · Gruden, Chiara et al. · archived
22. An On-Demand Dynamic Taxi Crowdshipping Model for Urban Parcel Delivery ↗ · 2023 · Baghestani, Amirhossein et al. · indexed
23. Designing an Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand Service for Transit Last-Mile Access ↗ · 2024 · Aalipour, Ali et al. · indexed
24. Drone scheduling for parcel delivery with an access grade to stops on a fixed truck route · 2024 · YAMADA, Kotaro et al. · archived
25. Last Mile Delivery With Stochastic Travel Times Considering Dual Services · 2019 · Zhou, Fuli et al. · archived
26. Toward Autonomous Vehicles and Machinery in Mill Yards of the Forest Industry: Technologies and Proposals for Autonomous Vehicle Operations ↗ · 2022 · Abdelsalam, Ahmed et al. · indexed
27. Shared Autonomous Vehicles as a Sustainable Solution to the Last Mile Problem: A Case Study of Ann Arbor-Detroit Area ↗ · 2017 · Moorthy, Aditi et al. · indexed
28. Enabling Green Crowdsourced Social Delivery Networks in Urban Communities · 2022 · Choi, Kevin et al. · archived
29. A Metro-Based System as Sustainable Alternative for Urban Logistics in the Era of E-Commerce · 2021 · Villa, Rafael et al. · archived
30. Dynamic discretization discovery for the service network design problem with mixed autonomous fleets ↗ · 2020 · Scherr, Yannick Oskar et al. · indexed
31. Traffic management and resource allocation for UAV-based parcel delivery in low-altitude urban space ↗ · 2022 · Li, Ang et al. · indexed
32. Drones for parcel and passenger transportation: A literature review ↗ · 2020 · Kellermann, Robin et al. · indexed
33. Coordinating hundreds of cooperative, autonomous vehicles in warehouses ↗ · 2007 · Wurman, Peter R. et al. · indexed
34. A Novel Data Forwarding Strategy for a Drone Delay Tolerant Network with Range Extension ↗ · 2019 · Iranmanesh, Saeid et al. · indexed
35. Comparative Analysis of the Environmental Performance of Delivery Routes in the City Center and Peri-Urban Area of Madrid ↗ · 2021 · Boggio-Marzet, Alessandra et al. · indexed
36. Lifelong Multi-Agent Path Finding for Online Pickup and Delivery Tasks ↗ · 2017 · Ma, Hang et al. · indexed
37. Equity-Driven Workload Allocation for Crowdsourced Last-Mile Delivery ↗ · 2026 · Sobhanan, Abhay et al. · indexed
38. Innovations like two arms, cheaper prices, easier programming, autonomous and collaborative operation are driving automation deployment in manufacturing and elsewhere ↗ · 2013 · Bloss, Richard · indexed
39. Opportunities and challenges with autonomous micro aerial vehicles ↗ · 2012 · Kumar, Vijay et al. · indexed
40. Envy-based Parcel Delivery Workload Balancing Problem Considering Drivers Stated Preferences ↗ · 2024 · Ryu, HanByul et al. · indexed
41. Semi-Automatic Pallet Pick-up as an Advanced Driver Assistance System for Forklifts ↗ · 2019 · Molter, Benjamin et al. · indexed
42. Pick and Place Operations in Logistics Using a Mobile Manipulator Controlled with Deep Reinforcement Learning ↗ · 2019 · Iriondo, Ander et al. · indexed
43. Modelling Consumers’ Preferences for Time-Slot Based Home Delivery of Goods Bought Online: An Empirical Study in Christchurch ↗ · 2024 · Kedia, Ashu et al. · indexed
44. A Swarm Intelligence Solution for the Multi-Vehicle Profitable Pickup and Delivery Problem ↗ · 2024 · Alhujaylan, Abeer I. et al. · indexed
45. Microsimulation-Based Collaboration Model for Urban Freight Transport · 2020 · Gomez-Marin, Cristian Giovanny et al. · archived
46. On-demand restaurant meal delivery with synchronized multi-orders ↗ · 2026 · Hildebrandt, Florentin D. · indexed
47. Do drones have a realistic place in a pandemic fight for delivering medical supplies in healthcare systems problems? ↗ · 2020 · EUCHI, Jalel · indexed
48. Mobility Restrictions and E-Commerce: Holistic Balance in Madrid Centre during COVID-19 Lockdown · 2021 · Villa, Rafael et al. · archived
49. Design and Implementation of Driver Recommendation Algorithm in Enterprise Transportation ↗ · 2021 · Yan, Hairong et al. · indexed
50. Designing a Prototype of a Mobile Charging Robot for Charging of Electric Vehicles ↗ · 2024 · Wessel, Patricia et al. · indexed
51. Path and Speed Optimization for Conflict-Free Pickup and Delivery Under Time Windows ↗ · 2018 · Adamo, Tommaso et al. · indexed
52. Optimization of Urban Cargo Distribution Network and Station Points with Open Source GIS Açık Kaynak CBS ile Şehiriçi Kargo İstasyon Noktalarının Optimizasyonu ve Dağıtım Planlaması · 2021 · BEDİROĞLU, Şevket · archived
53. Addressing National Needs: Design Thinking–Driven Engineering of a Multi-Purpose Logistics Vehicle for Indonesia’s Free Nutritious Meals (MBG) Program ↗ · 2026 · Setiawan, Indra Candra et al. · indexed
54. Futuristic view of the Internet of Quantum Drones: Review, challenges and research agenda ↗ · 2022 · Kumar, Adarsh et al. · indexed
55. Enabling Flexibility in Manufacturing by Integrating Shopfloor and Process Perception for Mobile Robot Workers ↗ · 2021 · Bavelos, Angelos Christos et al. · indexed
56. CITY LOGISTICS IN KASSEL ↗ · 1999 · Koehler, U · indexed
57. Intricacies of medical drones in healthcare delivery: Implications for Africa ↗ · 2021 · Nyaaba, Albert Apotele et al. · indexed
58. Efficient Path Planning for Port AGVs Using Event-Triggered PPO–EMPC ↗ · 2025 · Zeng, Zhaowei et al. · indexed
59. Models for Evaluating and Planning City Logistics Systems ↗ · 2009 · Crainic, Teodor Gabriel et al. · indexed
60. Learning-guided Prioritized Planning for Lifelong Multi-Agent Path Finding in Warehouse Automation · 2026 · Zheng, Han et al. · archived
61. Integrated Trajectory Tracking Strategy for Unmanned Delivery Vehicles in Complex Driving Conditions ↗ · 2025 · Chen, Haoze et al. · indexed
62. A Sequential Route-building Algorithm Employing a Generalised Savings Criterion ↗ · 1976 · Mole, R. H. et al. · indexed
63. Solving the Multiagent Pathfinding Problem with Time-Expanded Networks ↗ · 2025 · Adamo, Tommaso et al. · indexed
64. Autonomous Flight Trajectory Control System for Drones in Smart City Traffic Management ↗ · 2021 · Nguyen, Dinh Dung et al. · indexed
65. Scheduling of Vehicles from a Central Depot to a Number of Delivery Points ↗ · 1964 · Clarke, G. et al. · indexed
66. Accurate Landing of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Ground Pattern Recognition ↗ · 2019 · Wubben, Jamie et al. · indexed
67. Innovative Automation Solutions for Agricultural Tractors: Boosting Efficiency and Reducing Fatigue ↗ · 2025 · M, Rojer Denny et al. · indexed
68. Heterogeneous Multitype Fleet Green Vehicle Path Planning of Automated Guided Vehicle with Time Windows in Flexible Manufacturing System ↗ · 2022 · Gao, Jia et al. · indexed
69. The final frontier? Exploring organ transportation by drone ↗ · 2018 · Scalea, Joseph R. et al. · indexed
70. Path Planning and Trajectory Tracking for Autonomous Obstacle Avoidance in Automated Guided Vehicles at Automated Terminals ↗ · 2023 · Feng, Junkai et al. · indexed
71. Development of ladder climbing inspection robot with horizontal mobile function ↗ · 2024 · ADACHI, Yuma et al. · indexed
72. LEGO Robot Vehicle Afterschool Workshops: Transportation Engineering Problem Solving (Year 1 & 2) · 2015 · Martin, James B. et al. · archived
73. Sequential model of FSN classification with ZABLS slotting and vehicle routing problem using hybridization of ant colony optimization and tabu search to reduce picking time · 2024 · Madhani, Genta Yusuf et al. · archived
74. Parallel Savings Based Heuristics for the Delivery Problem ↗ · 1991 · Altinkemer, Kemal et al. · indexed
75. UAV-assisted MEC offloading strategy with peak AOI boundary optimization: A method based on DDQN ↗ · 2024 · Chen, Zhixiong et al. · indexed
76. Concept of logistics services for the city centre of Krakow using an integrated tram and bicycle system ↗ · 2018 · Aleksandrowicz, Jan et al. · indexed
77. Deep reinforcement learning-aided autonomous navigation with landmark generators ↗ · 2023 · Wang, Xuanzhi et al. · indexed
78. A generalized assignment heuristic for vehicle routing ↗ · 1981 · Fisher, Marshall L. et al. · indexed
79. On the Effectiveness of Direct Shipping Strategy for the One-Warehouse Multi-Retailer R-Systems ↗ · 1990 · Gallego, Guillermo et al. · indexed
80. Drones and Technopreneurship in Malaysia: Unlocking the Economic Potential of Drones in Built Environment Development ↗ · 2024 · Abd Halin, Al Fhaliq Naabil et al. · indexed
81. The Traveling Salesman Problem with Pickups, Deliveries, and Handling Costs ↗ · 2010 · Battarra, Maria et al. · indexed
82. The single robot line coverage problem: Theory, algorithms, and experiments ↗ · 2023 · Agarwal, Saurav et al. · indexed
83. OPTIMIZING THE PROCESS OF PICK-UP AND DELIVERY WITH TIME WINDOWS USING ANT COLONY AND TABU SEARCH ALGORITHMS · 2022 · Amalia, Imas Saumi et al. · archived
84. DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS PROCESSES OF THE RUSSIAN POST ↗ · 2025 · Novikov, Alexander Nikolaevich et al. · indexed
85. Multi-AGV multitask collaborative scheduling based on an improved ant colony algorithm ↗ · 2025 · Zhu, Yazhen et al. · indexed
86. One Warehouse Multiple Retailer Systems with Vehicle Routing Costs ↗ · 1990 · Anily, S. et al. · indexed
87. Vehicle Routing: Problems, Methods, and Applications, Second Edition ↗ · 2014 · Toth, Paolo et al. · indexed
88. Multi-Agent Path Finding with Kinematic Constraints ↗ · 2016 · Hoenig, Wolfgang et al. · indexed
89. The Two-Echelon Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem: Models and Math-Based Heuristics ↗ · 2011 · Perboli, Guido et al. · indexed
90. Solving a Vehicle Routing Problem with uncertain demands and adaptive credibility thresholds ↗ · 2022 · Munoz, Carlos Carmona et al. · indexed
91. Application of the Elitist Ant System and Clustering Methods for Solving the Constrained Vehicle Routing Problem ↗ · 2026 · Zhandos, Kegenbekov et al. · indexed
92. Research on application of compliant control of smart meter box handling robot ↗ · 2023 · Jiang, Yang et al. · indexed
93. Optimal Target Assignment and Path Finding for Teams of Agents ↗ · 2016 · Ma, Hang et al. · indexed
94. A Hybrid Meta-Heuristic Approach Considering Workload Balancing for Vehicle Assignment and Routing Problem ↗ · 2020 · Kawashima, Takuma et al. · indexed
95. Stochastic time-dependent vehicle routing problem: Mathematical models and ant colony algorithm ↗ · 2015 · Duan, Zhengyu et al. · indexed
96. Lower Bounds and an Exact Method for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem ↗ · 2006 · Baldacci, Roberto et al. · indexed
97. An Improved Autonomous Emergency Braking Algorithm for AGVs: Enhancing Operational Smoothness Through Multi-Stage Deceleration ↗ · 2025 · Li, Wenbo et al. · indexed
98. Machine Learning Approach to Real-Time 3D Path Planning for Autonomous Navigation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ↗ · 2021 · Tullu, Abera et al. · indexed
99. Application of Drones in Humanitarian Relief: A Review of State of Art and Recent Advances and Recommendations ↗ · 2023 · Emad Alfaris, Ruqaya et al. · indexed
100. Automated Trajectory Planner of Industrial Robot for Pick-and-Place Task ↗ · 2013 · Perumaal, S. Saravana et al. · indexed
101. Vehicle Routing to Multiple Warehouses Using a Memetic Algorithm ↗ · 2014 · Serna, Martin Dario Arango et al. · indexed
102. A Vision-Based Odometer for Localization of Omnidirectional Indoor Robots ↗ · 2020 · Patruno, Cosimo et al. · indexed
103. A Comprehensive Review of Coverage Path Planning in Robotics Using Classical and Heuristic Algorithms ↗ · 2021 · Tan, Chee Sheng et al. · indexed
104. Path planning for auto docking of underactuated ships based on Bezier curve and hybrid A* search algorithm ↗ · 2024 · Zhihuan, HU et al. · indexed
105. Heuristic Scheme for Heterogeneous Vehicle Routing Problem on Trees Based on Generalized Assignment and Bin-Packing Upper Bounds ↗ · 2012 · Kumar, Roshan et al. · indexed
106. Terminal Phase Navigation for AUV Docking: An Innovative Electromagnetic Approach ↗ · 2024 · Gutnik, Yevgeni et al. · indexed
107. Survey of Robot 3D Path Planning Algorithms ↗ · 2016 · Yang, Liang et al. · indexed
108. A deep recurrent Q network towards self‐adapting distributed microservice architecture ↗ · 2019 · Magableh, Basel et al. · indexed
109. Incorporating Vehicle-Routing Problems into a Closed-Loop Supply Chain Network Using a Mixed-Integer Linear-Programming Model ↗ · 2023 · Pedram, Ali et al. · indexed
110. Comparative Analysis of Deep Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for Hover-to-Cruise Transition Maneuvers of a Tilt-Rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ↗ · 2024 · Akhtar, Mishma et al. · indexed
111. A new robust design optimization approach for unmanned underwater vehicle design ↗ · 2012 · Alam, Khairul et al. · indexed
112. Path Planning Approaches in Multi-robot System: A review ↗ · 2024 · Banik, Semonti et al. · indexed
113. Heuristics for a One-Warehouse Multiretailer Distribution Problem with Performance Bounds ↗ · 1997 · Herer, Yale et al. · indexed
114. A Mixed Integer Formulation and an NSGA-II for the Cumulative Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem With Priority Indexes ↗ · 2025 · Corona-Gutierrez, Karina et al. · indexed
115. Robust optimum distribution network scheduling with distributed generations, electric vehicles, and storage units ↗ · 2022 · Nasrollahi, Mohammad et al. · indexed
116. Automation of the Financial Market: A Drag or a Driver for Bank Disintermediation? ↗ · 2021 · Assistant Professor, Higher Institute of Management of Tunis, University of Tunis, Tunisia et al. · indexed
117. Group Aggregation Method of Mobile Robots Based on Swarm Intelligence Optimization Algorithm ↗ · 2025 · Zhongchang, LIU et al. · indexed
118. Optimizing Waste Collection and Transportation in Islamabad: Efficient Vehicle Routing for Sustainable Waste Management ↗ · 2023 · Rashid, Tahiyyah et al. · indexed
119. Adaptive Tracking Control of Anchoring Unit for Pipeline Intelligent Plugging Robot Based on Improved Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient ↗ · 2026 · Wu, Tingting et al. · indexed
120. Integration of DE Algorithm with PDC-APF for Enhancement of Contour Path Planning of a Universal Robot ↗ · 2021 · Kazim, Issraa Jwad et al. · indexed
121. Path Planning Approaches in Multi‐robot System: A Review ↗ · 2025 · Banik, Semonti et al. · indexed
122. Segmented UAV Trajectory Optimization via Fifth-Order Polynomial Approximation and Analytical Optimal Control ↗ · 2026 · Kutpanova, Zarina et al. · indexed
123. Optimizing EV Charging Infrastructure in Multi-Unit Residential Buildings for Sustainable Energy Management ↗ · 2026 · Almutairi, Abdulaziz · indexed
124. Scalable Web Application Deployment Using Auto Scaling, Load Balancer, And RDS ↗ · 2025 · A. Karunamurthy, Dr. · indexed
125. Research on Drag Reduction Optimization of Foldable Solar Wings for UUVs ↗ · 2025 · WANG, Chenyu et al. · indexed
126. Robotic Assistant for Object Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Network ↗ · 2024 · Oluyele, Sunday et al. · indexed
127. An adaptive A-Star algorithm to handle blood transportation using UAVs ↗ · 2025 · Zaki, Chamseddine et al. · indexed
128. Mobile Robot Path Planning Method Using Firefly Algorithm for 3D Sphere Dynamic & Partially Known Environment ↗ · 2018 · Abdul Hassan, Alia Karim et al. · indexed
129. An Adaptive Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Multi-Robot Path Planning ↗ · 2016 · Abbas, Nizar Hadi et al. · indexed
130. A Review on UAV-Based Insulator Cleaning Technology ↗ · 2025 · Gangurde, Jidnesh · indexed
131. AI‐Driven Optimization of a Hybrid PV–Wind–BESS Microgrid for a Rural Educational Institution in Developing Countries ↗ · 2026 · Khan, Robiul et al. · indexed
132. Investigating the Role of Transformative Technologies and Smart Processes on Sustainable Business ↗ · 2023 · Vaseei, Masoud et al. · indexed
133. Real-Time Financial Planning in the Era of Edge Computing: Empowering Decision Making with AI and ML ↗ · 2025 · Uppaluri, Ruthvik · indexed
134. A composite objective function specifically tuned for multi-robot path planning ↗ · 2025 · Özak, Bilal et al. · indexed