1105 Ride Comfort Evaluation by Driving Simulator with Full Vehicle Model of Multibody Dynamics
DOI: 10.1299/jsmetld.2001.10.91
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Summary
This study addresses the challenge of evaluating automobile ride comfort characteristics during the design phase without relying on physical vehicle testing. Traditional methods depend on subjective sensory evaluations using real vehicles, which are difficult to quantify and costly. The authors propose a method using a driving simulator equipped with a motion device and a full multibody vehicle model to replicate ride vibrations and allow for detailed investigation of how suspension specifications affect comfort. The experimental setup utilizes a driving simulator driven by a multibody dynamics model of a passenger car with 91 degrees of freedom. The model includes detailed suspension geometry, such as double wishbone front and rear suspensions, modeled as independent rigid bodies. Tire forces are calculated using the Magic Formula for longitudinal and lateral forces, while vertical forces use linear spring-damper elements. Road disturbances are simulated by shaping white noise through a transfer function to match the power spectral density characteristics of ISO road class C. These disturbances are applied as displacement inputs to the wheels, accounting for time delays between front and rear ax based on vehicle speed and wheelbase. The system performs real-time calculations to drive the motion platform, which reproduces the vehicle's vertical vibrations. The study focuses on frequencies up to 3 Hz, targeting the pitch and bounce modes influenced by suspension stroke, as higher frequencies are limited by the motion device’s response and the model’s simplifications. Results demonstrate that the driving simulator successfully reproduces vehicle vibrations up to 3 Hz. Time-history comparisons show that the suspension effectively isolates high-frequency road inputs, while tire contact loads fluctuate significantly. Crucially, the study confirms that changes in suspension parameters directly alter the vibration characteristics experienced in the simulator. When comparing vehicle models with different spring constants, the measured acceleration spectra from the motion device showed distinct changes corresponding to the model variations. Furthermore, when comparing models with different sprung mass resonance points (adjusted by changing spring and damper constants to maintain equal damping ratios), the resonance peaks in the acceleration spectra shifted accordingly. This indicates that the simulator accurately reflects the impact of suspension tuning on ride dynamics. The significance of this work lies in its validation of a simulation-based approach for ride comfort evaluation. By demonstrating that the driving simulator can faithfully reproduce vibration changes resulting from suspension parameter modifications, the study establishes a viable alternative to physical testing. This allows engineers to quantitatively assess and optimize ride comfort characteristics during the early design stages. The authors note that while the current study uses linear suspension elements, the system is capable of incorporating nonlinear characteristics to further enhance realism, offering a powerful tool for automotive development.
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| Stage | Outcome | Tool | Model | Prompt | Attempts | Completed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| discover | success | Crossref | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-07 |
| archive | success | canonical_url | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-09 |
| extract | success | pdftotext | — | — | 2 | 2026-06-09 |
| clean | success | clean | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-09 |
| chunk | success | chunk | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-09 |
| embed | success | embed | Qwen/Qwen3-Embedding-8B | — | 1 | 2026-06-09 |
| enrich | success | openalex | — | — | 3 | 2026-07-02 |
| promote | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-07 |
| summarize | success | llm | qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant | summ-v5 | 1 | 2026-06-09 |
| tag | success | vector_similarity | — | — | 8 | 2026-06-11 |
| verify | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-09 |
Summary generated by qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant on 2026-06-09; verification: verified.
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- Methodological Resource: validation psychometrics, tool software