UN ECE R104
Uniform provisions concerning the approval of retro-reflective markings for vehicles of categories M, N and O
| Issuing body | UNECE |
|---|---|
| Committees | UNECE (WP.29, GRE) |
| First issued | 1998 |
| Latest revision | 2010 |
| Status | active |
| Category | international |
| Topics | night_driving, peripheral_detection, vehicle_conspicuity, visual |
| Reference | https://unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/r104rev.1.e.pdf |
Scope
Approval of retro-reflective contour and line markings for heavy and long vehicles and their trailers (categories M2, M3, N, O2-O4). Specifies the white/yellow/red high-performance reflective material, its colour and the geometry/coverage of side and rear markings that outline a vehicle's length and width. Improves how readily another driver perceives a large vehicle's size, shape and orientation in darkness and poor weather. Performance for new types is now also covered by R150.
Related Papers (20)
- Evaluation of retroreflective markings to increase rail car conspicuity · 1998 · paper relates to standard · 0.73 (embedding)
- Freight car reflectorization · 1999 · paper relates to standard · 0.71 (embedding)
- Recognition of rail car retroreflective patterns for improving nighttime conspicuity · 2001 · paper relates to standard · 0.69 (embedding)
- Visibility of Road Markings as a Function of Age, Retroreflectivity Under Low-Beam and High-Beam Illumination at Night ↗ · 1999 · paper relates to standard · 0.68 (embedding)
- Refinement of Drivers' Visibility Needs during Wet Night Conditions ↗ · 2012 · paper relates to standard · 0.67 (embedding)
- Study to Understand the Influence of Emergency Vehicle Color, Reflectance, Signing/Arrow Boards, and Lighting Configurations in Reducing Responder Involved Crashes · 2025 · paper relates to standard · 0.66 (embedding)
- Minimum Retroreflectivity Requirements for Traffic Signs · 1993 · paper relates to standard · 0.66 (embedding)
- Workshop on Field Inspection and Rehabilitation of Traffic Control Devices - Proceedings · 1990 · paper relates to standard · 0.66 (embedding)
- Pavement Marking Retroreflectivity Requirements for Older Drivers ↗ · 1996 · paper relates to standard · 0.66 (embedding)
- A determination of the appropriateness of Virginia's retroreflective sign sheeting specification for fluorescent orange construction and maintenance signs. · 2002 · paper relates to standard · 0.66 (embedding)
- Minimum retroreflectivity levels for overhead guide signs and street-name signs · 2003 · paper relates to standard · 0.66 (embedding)
- Driver Visibility Under Wet Pavement Conditions: Size, Shape, and Spacing of Object Markers/Delineators · 1991 · paper relates to standard · 0.65 (embedding)
- Evaluation of Retroreflective Sheetings for Use on Traffic Control Devices at Construction Work Zones · 1991 · paper relates to standard · 0.65 (embedding)
- Retroreflective Material Specifications and On-Road Sign Performance ↗ · 2002 · paper relates to standard · 0.65 (embedding)
- Wet Night Visibility of Pavement Markings · 2007 · paper relates to standard · 0.65 (embedding)
- Wet-reflective pavement marking demonstration project. · 2011 · paper relates to standard · 0.65 (embedding)
- Driver Preview Distances at Night Based on Driver Eye Scanning Recordings as a Function of Pavement Marking Retroreflectivities ↗ · 1999 · paper relates to standard · 0.65 (embedding)
- Pavement Markings and Delineation for Older Drives. Volume I: Final Report · 1996 · paper relates to standard · 0.64 (embedding)
- Horizontal road markings for human and machine vision ↗ · 2020 · paper relates to standard · 0.64 (embedding)
- Analysis of Effects of Pavement Marking Retroreflectivity on Traffic Crash Frequency on Highways in North Carolina ↗ · 2009 · paper relates to standard · 0.64 (embedding)