Test-Retest Reliability of Standard Deviation of Lane Position as Assessed on a PC-Based Driving Simulator
DOI: 10.17077/drivingassessment.1122
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Summary
This study addresses the critical need to establish the test-retest reliability of the Standard Deviation of Lane Position (SDLP), a metric used to assess driving ability by measuring lateral swerving within a lane. While SDLP is frequently employed in on-road and simulator studies to evaluate the impact of alcohol, drugs, and medications on driving, data regarding its stability over time remains limited. Reliable measurement is essential for detecting changes in individuals over time, particularly in clinical trials and long-term monitoring of neurologic patients. The research specifically examines SDLP reliability at two distinct intervals: a short-term interval of approximately three months, common in clinical trials, and a long-term interval of one year or more, relevant for tracking neurologic progression. The study utilized two separate cohorts assessed via a PC-based driving simulator equipped with a monitor, steering wheel, and pedals. Participants maintained a constant speed of 55 mph while performing divided attention tasks. Group 1 consisted of 29 subjects (16 HIV-negative and 13 HIV-positive) retested an average of 84 days after baseline. The HIV-positive subjects were medically asymptomatic to ensure stability. Group 2 comprised 31 subjects retested an average of 19.8 months after baseline. All Group 2 participants underwent neuropsychological (NP) evaluations at both time points, with impairment rated on a 1–9 scale by blinded clinicians. To ensure reliability assessment in a stable population, Group 2 subjects were selected specifically because their NP functioning levels remained unchanged between baseline and follow-up. The results demonstrated strong test-retest reliability for SDLP across both timeframes. For Group 1, the combined reliability coefficient was 0.74, with HIV-negative subjects showing a reliability of 0.68 and HIV-positive subjects showing 0.83. For Group 2, the combined reliability was higher at 0.86. The study also found that SDLP was significantly correlated with NP functioning at both baseline (r = 0.5, p = 0.005) and follow-up (r = 0.48, p = 0.006). Neuropsychologically impaired subjects exhibited significantly higher SDLP values than normal subjects at both time points (baseline: 1.9 vs. 1.2; follow-up: 1.7 vs. 1.1). Within Group 2, the NP normal subgroup had a reliability of 0.74, while the NP impaired subgroup had a reliability of 0.87. The authors conclude that SDLP is a reliable measure for periods ranging from months to years when assessed in cognitively stable subjects. These findings support the utility of SDLP as a tool for tracking the effects of neurologic disorders and pharmacologic treatments on driving abilities over time. The high reliability coefficients suggest that SDLP can effectively detect meaningful changes in driving performance, making it a valuable metric for both short-term clinical assessments and long-term patient monitoring.
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| Stage | Outcome | Tool | Model | Prompt | Attempts | Completed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| discover | success | Crossref | — | — | 1 | 2026-08-09 |
| archive | success | canonical_url | — | — | 1 | 2026-08-09 |
| extract | success | cached | — | — | 3 | 2026-08-10 |
| clean | success | clean | — | — | 1 | 2026-08-09 |
| chunk | success | chunk | — | — | 1 | 2026-08-09 |
| embed | success | embed | Qwen/Qwen3-Embedding-8B | — | 1 | 2026-08-09 |
| enrich | failed | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-08-09 |
| promote | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-08-09 |
| summarize | success | llm | qwen3.6-27b-nvidia | summ-v5 | 2 | 2026-08-10 |
| tag | success | vector_similarity | — | — | 10 | 2026-08-11 |
| verify | partial | — | — | — | 2 | 2026-08-10 |
Summary generated by qwen3.6-27b-nvidia on 2026-08-10; verification: verified_with_issues.
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- Methodological Resource: validation psychometrics, tool software
- Theoretical Contribution: computational model