Cyclist at 12 o'clock: a systematic review of in-vehicle ADAS for preventing car-cyclist crashes
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1335209
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Summary
This systematic review addresses the critical gap in road safety research regarding the effectiveness of in-vehicle Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) specifically for preventing collisions between motor vehicles and cyclists. While ADAS technologies are increasingly common, literature has predominantly focused on pedestrian or motorcyclist safety, leaving cyclist-specific evidence fragmented. The study aims to synthesize available scientific evidence to determine whether these systems effectively reduce car-cyclist crashes and to identify associated behavioral or ergonomic implications. The authors followed the PRISMA 2020 protocol and registered the review with PROSPERO. They searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published between database inception and January 2024, using English and Spanish search terms related to ADAS and cyclist safety. From an initial pool of 289 records, 21 eligible studies were selected after rigorous screening. These studies were quality-assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) and analyzed via descriptive-analytic methods. The included research primarily originated from Europe (80.9%), with most publications appearing between 2020 and 2023. Methodologically, the studies were dominated by experimental designs (71.4%), utilizing either controlled real-road environments (38.1%) or driving simulators (28.6%). The review found that while the volume of cyclist-specific ADAS research remains limited compared to other vulnerable road users, the existing evidence supports the potential value of these systems in crash prevention. The analyzed studies covered various ADAS functionalities, with cyclist detection (28.6%), overtaking assistance (19%), and emergency braking (19%) being the most frequently evaluated topics. However, the authors highlight significant "threatful side effects," including driver overconfidence, desensitization to warnings, and unrealistic expectations of system capabilities. These behavioral factors suggest that technology alone is insufficient for ensuring safety. The authors conclude that ADAS holds significant promise for mitigating car-cyclist collisions but must be implemented alongside enhanced driver training and road user awareness initiatives. They emphasize the need to address ADAS-related behavioral ergonomics to prevent misuse or complacency. Future research should prioritize long-term effectiveness assessments of these systems in real-world conditions and further investigate their impact on injury mitigation. This review serves as a foundational reference for synthesizing current evidence and identifying areas for improvement in protecting cyclists through vehicle technology.
Key finding
The available literature supports the value of in-vehicle ADAS for preventing car-cyclist crashes, though it emphasizes the need to address user overconfidence and improve driver training.
Methodology
review
Sample size: 21
Provenance
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| Stage | Outcome | Tool | Model | Prompt | Attempts | Completed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| discover | partial | scout | — | — | 2 | 2026-05-08 |
| archive | success | unpaywall | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-04 |
| extract | success | cached | — | — | 3 | 2026-06-10 |
| clean | success | clean | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-04 |
| chunk | success | chunk | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-04 |
| embed | success | embed | Qwen/Qwen3-Embedding-8B | — | 1 | 2026-06-04 |
| enrich | success | semantic_scholar | — | — | 2 | 2026-06-04 |
| promote | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-04 |
| summarize | success | llm | qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant | summ-v5 | 2 | 2026-06-10 |
| tag | success | vector_similarity | — | — | 15 | 2026-06-11 |
| verify | success | — | — | — | 2 | 2026-06-10 |
Summary generated by qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant on 2026-06-10; verification: verified.
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Information type
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- Empirical Findings: crash risk outcomes