Impact of the geometric field of view on drivers’ speed perception and lateral position in driving simulators
DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2020.03.005
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Summary
This study investigates the impact of the geometric field of view (GFOV) on drivers’ speed perception and lateral position within driving simulators. The research addresses concerns regarding the fidelity and validity of driving simulators, specifically how visual parameters influence the realism of simulated driving behavior compared to real-world conditions. While previous studies examined GFOV’s effect on speed perception, none had analyzed its impact on lateral position. The authors aimed to determine which GFOV settings allow drivers to maintain speed perceptions and lateral positions closer to real-world behavior, thereby providing calibration guidelines for medium-fidelity simulators. The experiment was conducted using a fixed-base, medium-fidelity driving simulator equipped with three screens offering a 135-degree horizontal field of view (FOV). Thirty-six participants with valid driving licenses from Qatar participated. The study employed a repeated-measures design where participants drove two scenarios—a Doha expressway and a parallel local road—under two GFOV conditions: 60 degrees and 135 degrees. Participants were asked to estimate four requested speeds (50, 70, 80, and 100 kph) with the speedometer disabled. Data on estimated speed and lateral position were collected and analyzed using repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results indicated that GFOV significantly affected both speed perception and lateral position. Drivers consistently underestimated their traveling speed in both conditions but drove significantly faster in the 60-degree GFOV condition compared to the 135-degree condition, with mean speed differences exceeding 20 kph. The 135-degree GFOV yielded speed estimates closer to the requested values. Regarding lateral position, drivers drove closer to the real-world lateral positions in the 135-degree GFOV condition than in the 60-degree condition. No significant differences were found between male and female participants in speed perception. The study concludes that using an incorrect GFOV generates biased results in both speed and lateral position metrics. The authors recommend a scale factor (GFOV/FOV) of 1.00 for virtual environments, specifically suggesting a 135-degree GFOV for simulators with a 135-degree FOV. This calibration ensures that simulator scenarios offer a high degree of realism, allowing for more accurate evaluation of driver behavior in road safety research.
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| Stage | Outcome | Tool | Model | Prompt | Attempts | Completed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| discover | success | Crossref | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-07 |
| archive | success | openalex | — | — | 11 | 2026-06-26 |
| extract | success | cached | — | — | 2 | 2026-06-26 |
| clean | success | clean | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-11 |
| chunk | success | chunk | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-11 |
| embed | success | embed | Qwen/Qwen3-Embedding-8B | — | 1 | 2026-06-11 |
| enrich | success | openalex | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-10 |
| promote | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-07 |
| summarize | success | llm | qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant | summ-v5 | 1 | 2026-06-26 |
| tag | success | vector_similarity | — | — | 6 | 2026-06-11 |
| verify | success | — | — | — | 1 | 2026-06-26 |
Summary generated by qwen3.6-27b-prismaquant on 2026-06-26; verification: verified.
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- Methodological Resource: tool software, validation psychometrics