child passenger safety

Child passenger safety behavior: child restraint system use and misuse, car seat installation errors, booster seat transitions, rear-seat placement, premature graduation to adult belts, caregiver knowledge and barriers, and child restraint laws and their behavioral effects. The behavioral and usage side of child occupant protection, distinct from seat_belt_use (adult restraint behavior) and from crashworthiness engineering (out of scope).

441 paper(s) · ranked by relevance to this topic

1. Child Passenger Safety State of Knowledge: A Literature Review · 2026 · Passarge, Pamela et al. · archived
2. Child Passenger Safety State of Knowledge: A Literature Review [Traffic Tech] · 2026 · NHTSA · archived
3. Misuse of Child Restraints · 2004 · Decina, L. E. (Larry E.) et al. · archived
4. Observed Patterns of Misuse of Child Safety Seats · 1996 · NHTSA · archived
5. Systematic review of child passenger safety laws and their associations with child restraint system use, injuries and deaths · 2021 · Sartin, Emma B et al. · archived
6. Barriers to correct child restraint use: A qualitative study of child restraint users and their needs · 2018 · Hall, Alexandra et al. · archived
7. Identifying Strategies to Reduce the Percentage of Unrestrained Young Children · 2009 · Decina, Lawrence E. et al. · archived
8. Patterns of Misuse of Child Safety Seats · 1996 · Decina, L. E. (Larry E.) et al. · archived
9. Identifying Strategies to Improve the Effectiveness of Booster Seat Laws · 2008 · Decina, L. E. (Larry E.) et al. · archived
10. The Premature Graduation of Children from Child Restraints to Vehicle Safety Belts · 2000 · Winston, Flaura K. et al. · archived
11. Reducing Nonuse of Restraints by Children Ages 5 to 7 [Traffic Tech] · 2010 · NHTSA · archived
12. Parents’ Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior about Child Passenger Safety · 1981 · Cunningham, Jo Lynn et al. · archived
13. The Impact of New Legislation on Child Restraint System (CRS) Misuse and Inappropriate Use in Australia ↗ · 2013 · Koppel, S. et al. · indexed
14. The Characteristics of Incorrect Restraint Use Among Children Traveling in Cars in New South Wales, Australia ↗ · 2010 · Brown, Julie et al. · indexed
15. Evaluation of Correct Child Restraint System Installation · 2020 · Benedick, A. et al. · archived
16. Observed child restraint misuse in a large, urban community: Results from three years of inspection events ↗ · 2015 · Bachman, Shelby L. et al. · indexed
17. Legislating child restraint usage –Its effect on self-reported child restraint use rates in a central city ↗ · 2010 · Brixey, Suzanne et al. · indexed
18. Recognizing the Common Problem of Child Automobile Restraint Misuse ↗ · 1988 · Margolis, Lewis H. et al. · indexed
19. Use and Misuse of Automobile Child Restraint Devices ↗ · 1992 · Margolis, Lewis H. · indexed
20. Child Restraint System Misuse and/or Inappropriate Use in Australia ↗ · 2009 · Koppel, Sjaan et al. · indexed
21. Premature graduation of children in child restraint systems: An observational study ↗ · 2007 · Vesentini, Lara et al. · indexed
22. Strategies to Increase the Use of Child Safety Seats: An Assessment of Current Knowledge · 1986 · Kernish, Robert et al. · archived
23. Child restraint device use and misuse in Michigan · 1997 · Eby, David W. et al. · archived
24. Child restraint system use and misuse in six states ↗ · 2005 · Decina, L E et al. · indexed
25. Countermeasures That Work – Child Passenger Safety [Traffic Tech] · 2021 · NHTSA · archived
26. 2016 Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey; Volume 3: Child Passenger Safety Report · 2020 · Martin, Kelly et al. · archived
27. 2007 Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey: Volume 5: Child Safety Seat Report · 2009 · Boyle, John M. et al. · archived
28. Identification of safety belt restraint usage characteristics related to four- to thirteen-year-olds. · 2013 · Dissanayake, Sunanda et al. · archived
29. 2000 Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey. Volume 5, Child Safety Seat Report · 2002 · Block, Alan W. · archived
30. Strategies to Increase the Use of Child Safety Seats among Toddlers. Volume 1 · 1987 · Kernish, Robert et al. · archived
31. A risky treat: exploring parental perceptions of the barriers to seating their children in the rear seats of passenger vehicles · 2007 · Lennon, Alexia · archived
32. National roadside survey of child restraint system use in Belgium ↗ · 2013 · Roynard, Mathieu et al. · indexed
33. Misuse of booster seats · 2000 · Morris, Shannon D et al. · archived
34. Effects of child restraint misuse on dynamic performance ↗ · 2019 · Manary, Miriam A. et al. · indexed
35. Consumer awareness, trust and cultural challenges in the use of child car seats in Iran: Current status and improvement strategies. · 2026 · Nasirabadi, EZ et al. · archived
36. Child Restraint use and Seating Position in Motor Vehicles: An Observational Survey in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria ↗ · 2024 · Akinyemi, Yingigba et al. · indexed
37. Safety Study: The Performance and use of Child Restraint Systems, Seatbelts, and Air Bags for Children in Passenger Vehicles. Volume 1:Analysis · 1996 · NHTSA · archived
38. The use of safety restraint systems in Virginia by occupants under 16 years of age : Summer 1997. · 1998 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
39. Urban safety restraint use by infants, preschoolers, and older children in Virginia : the 2004 survey results. · 2005 · Lynn, Cheryl et al. · archived
40. Determinants of child restraint system selection and installation practices: implications for injury prevention and public health implementation. ↗ · 2026 · Kopańska M et al. · indexed
41. Urban safety restraint use by infants and children under 16 years of age in Virginia : the 2002 survey results. · 2003 · Lynn, Cheryl et al. · archived
42. The Impact of a Child Passenger Restraint Law and a Public Information and Education Program on Child Passenger Safety in Tennessee · 1980 · Perry, Randy L. et al. · archived
43. Identifying Information That Promotes Belt-Positioning Booster Use. Volume 1, Summary and Findings · 2008 · Winston, Flaura K. et al. · archived
44. Factors predicting incorrect use of restraints by children travelling in cars: a cluster randomised observational study ↗ · 2010 · Bilston, Lynne E. et al. · indexed
45. The use of safety restraint systems in Virginia by occupants under 16 years of age : summer 1998. · 1999 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
46. Population-level estimates of child restraint practices among children aged 0–12 years in NSW, Australia ↗ · 2010 · Brown, Julie et al. · indexed
47. A direct observation of the use of child safety seats in metropolitan areas of Virginia during summer 1993 : final report. · 1994 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
48. Evaluation of New York State's Mandatory Occupant Restraint Law: Volume III: Observational Surveys of Safety Restraint Use by Children in New York State · 1986 · Rood, Debra H. et al. · archived
49. Preliminary Data Indicate That Booster Seat Laws Increase Child Safety Seat Use · 2007 · NHTSA · archived
50. Child Restraint Use in Canadian Provinces With and Without Legislation in 2010 ↗ · 2013 · Simniceanu, Alice et al. · indexed
51. Effects of child restraint system features on installation errors ↗ · 2013 · Klinich, Kathleen D. et al. · indexed
52. Child Restraint Use Survey: LATCH Use and Misuse · 2006 · Decina, L. E. (Larry E.) et al. · archived
53. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Child Safety Restraints · 1987 · Hall, William L. (William Leslie), 1952- · archived
54. 146 Examining child restraint use and orientation among crash-involved child passengers: drivers’ failure to comply with existing legislation ↗ · 2020 · Myers, Rachel et al. · indexed
55. Use of child safety seats in metropolitan areas of Virginia during Summer 1996. · 1997 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
56. Wishful thinking ↗ · 2012 · Rogers, Steven C. et al. · indexed
57. User-Centered Label Design Guidelines for Child Restraint Systems ↗ · 2017 · Kramer, Chelsea et al. · indexed
58. Investigation of Crash Consequences for Common Child Restraint Misuse · 2021 · Manary, Miriam A. et al. · archived
59. Changes in child safety restraint use and parental driving behaviours in Italy ↗ · 2008 · Collarile, Paolo et al. · indexed
60. Use of child safety seats in metropolitan areas of Virginia during summer 1994 : final report. · 1994 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
61. Local Police Enforcement, Public Information and Education Strategies to Foster More and Proper Use of Child Safety Seats by Toddlers: Evaluation of a Demonstration Project · 1994 · Decina, L. E. (Larry E.) et al. · archived
62. Usability issues concerning child restraint system harness design ↗ · 2003 · Rudin-Brown, Christina M. et al. · indexed
63. Belt-Positioning Booster Seats for Children: National Perspectives from Emergency Physicians and Parents · 2011 · Macy, Michelle L · archived
64. Rotating convertible child restraint systems and their potential effect on correct use in rear-facing mode ↗ · 2025 · Maltese, Matthew R. et al. · indexed
65. Standardized error severity score (ESS) ratings to quantify risk associated with child restraint system (CRS) and booster seat misuse ↗ · 2017 · Rudin-Brown, Christina M. et al. · indexed
66. Child safety in cars : Literature review ↗ · 2003 · Anund, Anna et al. · indexed
67. The constitutionality and effectiveness of legislation requiring child passenger restraints. · 1982 · Regan, Daniel John · archived
68. Child Passenger Safety Perception and Practices in Ride-Sharing Vehicles [Traffic Tech] · 2024 · Sifrit, Kathy J. · archived
69. Evaluation of Child Safety Seat Enforcement Strategies · 1989 · NHTSA · archived
70. Child Occupant Protection In Motor Vehicles ↗ · 1997 · Agran, Phyllis et al. · indexed
71. Automobile Safety in Children: A Review of North American Evidence and Recommendations ↗ · 2013 · Truong, W. H. et al. · indexed
72. Child passenger safety education in the emergency department: teen driving, car seats, booster seats, and more · 2020 · Smola, Cassi et al. · archived
73. Modelling factors that impact the use of child safety seats for nursery school travel ↗ · 2022 · Armouti, Ioanna et al. · indexed
74. Effectiveness of Child Safety Seats vs Seat Belts in Reducing Risk for Death in Children in Passenger Vehicle Crashes ↗ · 2006 · Elliott, Michael R. et al. · indexed
75. 2006 Motor Vehicle Occupant Protection Facts · 2008 · NHTSA · archived
76. Effectiveness and Efficiency of Safety Belt and Child Restraint Usage Programs · 1982 · Nichols, James L. · archived
77. Child Passenger Safety Perception and Practices in Ride-Sharing Vehicles · 2024 · De Leonardis, Doreen et al. · archived
78. Misuse of car safety seats. ↗ · 1988 · Bull, Marilyn J. et al. · indexed
79. Putting Children First · 2000 · NHTSA · archived
80. Too Small for a Seatbelt: Predictors of Booster Seat Use by Child Passengers ↗ · 2003 · Ebel, Beth E. et al. · indexed
81. Safety seat and seat belt use among child motor vehicle occupants, Cluj-Napoca, Romania ↗ · 2019 · Dulf, Diana et al. · indexed
82. The influence of harness type on child restraint system misuse. ↗ · 2002 · Arbogast, Kristy B. et al. · indexed
83. Observed LATCH use and misuse characteristics of child restraint systems in seven states ↗ · 2007 · Decina, Lawrence E. et al. · indexed
84. Evaluating the Effect of a Mechanical Adjunct to Improve the Installation of Child Restraint Systems to Vehicles ↗ · 2015 · Mirman, Jessica H. et al. · indexed
85. Child safety seat and safety belt use among urban travelers : results of the 1985 survey. · 1986 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
86. Awareness and Availability of Child Passenger Safety Information Resources · 2020 · Levi, Sharon et al. · archived
87. Effects of Information on Risk Perception regarding the Use of Booster Seats ↗ · 2001 · Stevens, Suzanne L. et al. · indexed
88. Guiding the way: How resources and information sources influence appropriate child restraint use ↗ · 2025 · Koppel, Sjaan et al. · indexed
89. Effectiveness of Safety Belt Use Laws: A Multinational Examination: Proceedings of a Workshop: Washington, DC, November 12–14, 1985 · 1985 · NHTSA · archived
90. Misuse mode and effects analysis—An approach to predict and quantify misuse of child restraint systems ↗ · 1993 · Czernakowski, Waldemar et al. · indexed
91. Safety restraint use in Virginia : use rate trends from 1983 through 1995. · 1996 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
92. Community-based programs to promote car seat restraints in children 0–16 years – a systematic review ↗ · 2005 · Turner, Cathy et al. · indexed
93. The common characteristics and behaviors of child occupants in motor vehicle travel ↗ · 2019 · Cross, Suzanne L. et al. · indexed
94. Disparities in Age-Appropriate Child Passenger Restraint Use Among Children Aged 1 to 12 Years ↗ · 2014 · Macy, Michelle L. et al. · indexed
95. 1991 Annual Report: Restraint System Use in 19 U.S. Cities · 1992 · Datta, Tapan K. et al. · archived
96. Factors Influencing Booster Seat Use in a Multiethnic Community: Lessons for Program Implementation ↗ · 2009 · Johnston, Brian D. et al. · indexed
97. Restraint System Use in 19 U.S. Cities. 1991 Annual Report · 1992 · Datta, Tapan K. et al. · archived
98. Effects of Seating Position and Appropriate Restraint Use on the Risk of Injury to Children in Motor Vehicle Crashes ↗ · 2005 · Durbin, Dennis R. et al. · indexed
99. Child safety seat and safety belt use among urban travelers. · 1984 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
100. Booster Seat Law Enforcement: Examples from Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Washington · 2010 · Decina, Lawrence E. et al. · archived
101. Traffic Safety Facts - Research Note: Additional Analysis of National Child Restraint Use Special Study: Characteristics of Those Not Restrained · 2018 · Raymond, Paula D. et al. · archived
102. A survey of child safety seat and safety belt use in Virginia : the 1987 update. · 1988 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
103. Some aspects of the safety of children as car passengers in road traffic accidents ↗ · 1987 · Tingvall, Claes · indexed
104. Increasing Seat Belt Use among 8- to 15-Year-Olds. Volume II, Appendices · 2008 · Kuhn, Michelle et al. · archived
105. Comparison of Child Restraint System (CRS) Installation Methods and Misuse During Far-Side Impact Sled Testing ↗ · 2023 · Mansfield, Julie · indexed
106. A study of students’ use of restraint systems in school transportation services in primary and secondary schools in northern Iran: an observational study · 2021 · Yousefzade-Chabok, Shahrokh et al. · archived
107. Are mHealth Interventions to Improve Child Restraint System Installation of Value? A Mixed Methods Study of Parents ↗ · 2017 · Fleisher, Linda et al. · indexed
108. Evaluation of New York State’s Mandatory Occupant Restraint Law: Volume VI: Final Summary Report · 1987 · Rood, Debra H. et al. · archived
109. Safety for the Growing Child – Experiences from Swedish Accident Data ↗ · 2005 · Jakobsson, Lotta et al. · indexed
110. Effectiveness of hands-on education for correct child restraint use by parents ↗ · 2010 · Tessier, Karen · indexed
111. Parent Driver Characteristics Associated with Sub-Optimal Restraint of Child Passengers ↗ · 2006 · Winston, Flaura K. et al. · indexed
112. Child safety seat and safety belt use among urban travelers : results of the 1984 survey. · 1985 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
113. Driver Report of Improper Seat Belt Position Among 4- to 9-Year-old Children ↗ · 2011 · Macy, Michelle L. et al. · indexed
114. Analysis of Restraint Use by Children in Michigan · 1999 · Eby, David W et al. · archived
115. Field use patterns and performance of child restraints secured by lower anchors and tethers for children (LATCH) ↗ · 2007 · Arbogast, Kristy B. et al. · indexed
116. Evaluation of Rear-Seat Belt Laws · 2022 · Chaudhary, Neil K. et al. · archived
117. Restraint System Use in 19 U.S. Cities 1989 Annual Report · 1990 · Datta, Tapan K. et al. · archived
118. National Survey of Child Passenger Safety Technicians on the LATCH System, United States, 2013 · 2014 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
119. National occupant protection use survey 2000 : controlled intersection study · 2001 · Bondy, N. et al. · archived
120. Evaluation of interventions to make top tether hardware more visible during child restraint system (CRS) installations ↗ · 2019 · Mansfield, Julie A. et al. · indexed
121. Enforcing Child Passenger Safety Laws: Eight Community Strategies · 1990 · NHTSA · archived
122. Child Passenger Safety:Direction, Selection, Location, Installation ↗ · 2008 · Agran, Phyllis F. et al. · indexed
123. An observational survey of safety belt and child safety seat use in Virginia : the 1989 update. · 1991 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
124. Child Passenger Safety Perception and Practices in Ride-Sharing Vehicles [PowerPoint Presentation] · 2023 · NHTSA · archived
125. The Danger of Premature Graduation to Seat Belts for Young Children ↗ · 2000 · Winston, Flaura K. et al. · indexed
126. Restraint System Usage in the Traffic Population. 1983 Annual Report · 1984 · Perkins, David D. et al. · archived
127. Safety Belt Usage among Drivers. Use of Child Restraint Devices, Passenger Safety Belts and Position of Passengers in Cars. Motorcycle Helmet Usage · 1980 · Phillips, Benjamin M. · archived
128. Evaluation of New York State’s Mandatory Occupant Restraint Law: Volume II: Attitudinal Surveys of Licensed Drivers in New York State · 1985 · Rood, Debra H. et al. · archived
129. System providing automated feedback improves task learning outcomes during child restraint system (CRS) installations ↗ · 2020 · Mansfield, Julie A. et al. · indexed
130. An observational survey of safety belt and child safety seat use in Virginia : final report : the 1990 update. · 1992 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
131. Pediatric Seat Belt Use in Motor Vehicle Collisions: The Need for Driver Education Programs ↗ · 2020 · Elkbuli, Adel et al. · indexed
132. Effects of Legislation on Motor Vehicle Injuries to Children ↗ · 1987 · Agran, Phyllis F. · indexed
133. Belief about seat belt use and seat belt wearing behavior among front and rear seat passengers in the United States · 2019 · Beck, Laurie F. et al. · archived
134. Strategies to Increase the Use of Safety Belts by Youngsters · 1989 · Klein, Nancy · archived
135. Mandatory Child Restraints: A KAP Study among Parents and Nursery Instructors ↗ · 2014 · Ainy, Elaheh · indexed
136. Child Restraint Workshop Series. Volume 1 · 1979 · Orr, Beverly T. et al. · archived
137. Predictors of rear seat belt use among U.S. adults, 2012 · 2015 · Bhat, Geeta et al. · archived
138. Opportunities, threats and barriers to enacting mandatory child car restraint laws in Iran ↗ · 2014 · Soori, Hamid et al. · indexed
139. Occupant Restraint Use in 2025: Results From the NOPUS Controlled Intersection Study · 2026 · NHTSA · archived
140. Evaluation of the Rhode Island Child Restraint Law ↗ · 1981 · Williams, Allan F. et al. · indexed
141. Evaluating LATCH System Ease of Use and Key Features in New Vehicles · 2013 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
142. An observational survey of safety belt and child safety seat use in Virginia : the 1988 update. · 1989 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
143. School Bus Seat Belts and Carryover Effects in Elementary School Children · 2009 · Smither, Dereece D. et al. · archived
144. Proceedings of the National Transportation Safety Board Public Forum on Air Bags and Child Passenger Safety · 1997 · NHTSA · archived
145. The effectiveness of child restraint and seat belt legislation in reducing child injuries: The case of Serbia ↗ · 2018 · Nazif-Munoz, José Ignacio et al. · indexed
146. Occupant Restraint Use in 2024: Results From the NOPUS Controlled Intersection Study · 2026 · Werth, Lacey B · archived
147. A brief tailored family-centered seat belt intervention for hospitalized trauma patients. · 2010 · Ehrlich, Peter F. et al. · archived
148. Process and Outcome Evaluation: The Buckle Up America Initiatives · 2001 · Solomon, M. G. (Mark Geoffrey) et al. · archived
149. Prevalence and Issues in Non-Use of Safety Belts and Child Restraints in a High-Income Developing Country: Lessons for the Future ↗ · 2008 · Barss, Peter et al. · indexed
150. A comparative policy analysis of seat belt laws : final report. · 2014 · McGehee, Daniel V. et al. · archived
151. Seat belt and child restraint use in a developing country metropolitan city ↗ · 2018 · Ojo, Thomas Kolawole · indexed
152. Ridesharing Services and Car-Seats: Technological Perceptions and Usage Patterns · 2020 · Das, Subasish · archived
153. Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey [1995] · 1995 · Boyle, John M., 1947- · archived
154. Evaluation of the Effects of a Seat Belt Education Program among Elementary School Children in Loudoun County, Virginia · 1972 · Senk, Stanley A. et al. · archived
155. The Design of Child Restraint System (CRS) Labels and Warnings Affects Overall CRS Usability ↗ · 2004 · RUDIN-BROWN, CHRISTINA M. et al. · indexed
156. LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tethers for CHildren) Usability in School Buses and Passenger Vehicles ↗ · 2008 · Rudin-Brown, Christina M. et al. · indexed
157. Vehicle characteristics associated with LATCH use and correct use in real-world child restraint installations ↗ · 2015 · Cicchino, Jessica B. et al. · indexed
158. 151 Community-level variation in child restraint system use among children involved in motor vehicle crashes ↗ · 2020 · Sartin, Emma · indexed
159. Evaluation of Rear-Seat Belt Laws [Traffic Tech] · 2022 · NHTSA · archived
160. Restraint use (seat belt and child passenger seat) survey · 2008 · Hernandez, Bruce. · archived
161. An evaluation of the effectiveness of forward facing child restraint systems ↗ · 2003 · Arbogast, Kristy B. et al. · indexed
162. A Study of Demographic, Situational, and Motivational Factors Affecting Restraint Usage in Automobiles · 1983 · Mayas, J. M. B. et al. · archived
163. Rear seat safer: Seating position, restraint use and injuries in children in traffic crashes in Victoria, Australia · 2007 · Lennon, Alexia et al. · archived
164. THE CREST PROJECT ACCIDENT DATA BASE ↗ · 2001 · Lesire, Philippe et al. · indexed
165. A Modeling Study on Child Occupant Safety with Unconventional Seating Configurations · 2023 · Hu, Jingwen et al. · archived
166. Strengthening Seat Belt Use Laws · 1996 · NHTSA · archived
167. Seat belt tension in child restraint system (CRS) installations with and without belt tensioning and lock-off features ↗ · 2025 · Mansfield, Julie A. et al. · indexed
168. Technical Approaches to Increase Seat Belt Use: Report to the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations · 2020 · NHTSA · archived
169. Analysis of booster seat and seat belt use: how many Wisconsin childhood deaths and hospitalizations could have been prevented in 1998--2002? ↗ · 2005 · Corden, Timothy E. · indexed
170. Enhanced Seat Belt Reminder Systems: An Observational Study Examining the Relationship with Seat Belt Use · 2021 · Polson, A. et al. · archived
171. Quantifying Naturalistic Changes in Occupant Postures in Belt-Positioning Booster Seats Utilizing Pressure Mats ↗ · 2025 · Connell, Rosalie et al. · indexed
172. Effectiveness of Safety Belt Usage Laws · 1980 · Fisher, Franklin G. · archived
173. Primary Enforcement Seat Belt Laws · 1996 · NHTSA · archived
174. Premature Child Restraint System Transitions and Child Opportunity Index Among Emergency Department and Urgent Care Visits in Metropolitan Chicago ↗ · 2025 · Kozhumam, Arthi et al. · indexed
175. Countermeasures That Work – Seat Belts [Traffic Tech] · 2021 · NHTSA · archived
176. Child Passenger Safety ↗ · 2018 · Durbin, Dennis R. et al. · indexed
177. Identifying priorities for improving rear seat occupant protection. · 2009 · Klinich, Kathleen D. et al. · archived
178. Observed use of tethers in forward-facing child restraint systems ↗ · 2011 · Jermakian, Jessica S et al. · indexed
179. Child Passenger Safety ↗ · 2011 · Durbin, Dennis R. · indexed
180. National Understanding and Acceptance of Occupant Protection Systems · 1986 · Loux, Suzanne B. et al. · archived
181. Safety Belts: The Uncollected Dividends: A Manual for Use by State Legislators and State Officials on Techniques to Increase Safety Belt Usage · 1977 · Wailer, Patricia F. et al. · archived
182. Designing and evaluating a persuasive child restraint television commercial · 2016 · Lewis, Ioni et al. · archived
183. Self-reported seatbelt use, United States, 2002–2010: Does prevalence vary by state and type of seatbelt law? · 2012 · Shults, Ruth A. et al. · archived
184. Summary of vehicle occupant protections laws · 2007 · NHTSA · archived
185. LATCH usability in vehicles. · 2012 · Klinich, Kathleen D. et al. · archived
186. Traffic Safety Facts 1995: Occupant Protection · 1996 · NHTSA · archived
187. Factors Related to Nonuse of Seat Belts in Michigan · 1987 · Wagenaar, A.C. et al. · archived
188. Mandatory seat belt use laws. · 1985 · Grey, Joseph · archived
189. Factors leading to crash fatalities to children in child restraints. ↗ · 2003 · Sherwood, Christopher P. et al. · indexed
190. Improved Protection for Children in Forward-Facing Restraints During Side Impacts ↗ · 2005 · Bilston, Lynne E. et al. · indexed
191. The Effects of Mandatory Seat Belt Laws on Driving Behavior and Traffic Fatalities ↗ · 2001 · Cohen, Alma et al. · indexed
192. Effectiveness of Safety Belt Warning and Interlock Systems · 1973 · Cohen, Joel B. (Joel Benjamin) et al. · archived
193. Child Restraint Systems (CRS) with Minor Installation Incompatibilities in Far Side Impacts ↗ · 2021 · Mansfield, Julie et al. · indexed
194. Seatbelt use, attitudes, and changes in legislation ↗ · 2002 · Steptoe, Andrew et al. · indexed
195. Increasing Teen Safety Belt Use: A Program and Literature Review · 2005 · Fell, James C. et al. · archived
196. Indirect Effects of School Bus Seat Belt Installation · 2021 · Kissner, Erin et al. · archived
197. Drivers’ Attitudes Toward Front or Rear Child Passenger Belt Use and Seat Belt Reminders at These Seating Positions ↗ · 2014 · Kidd, David G. et al. · indexed
198. Protecting children in car crashes: the australian experience ↗ · 2003 · Paine, Michael et al. · indexed
199. Evaluation of Rotation Reduction Features in Infant and Extended-Use Convertible Child Restraint Systems during Frontal and Rear Impacts ↗ · 2021 · Patton, Declan A. et al. · indexed
200. Consumer usability of flexible vs. rigid lower anchor hardware in infant child restraint system (CRS) installations ↗ · 2022 · Mansfield, Julie A. · indexed
201. Characteristics and Conditions of Teenage Safety Belt Use · 1997 · Womack, Katie N. et al. · archived
202. Leveraging the design of child restraint systems to reduce driver distraction ↗ · 2014 · Mubin, Omar et al. · indexed
203. Trends and Effects of Child Restraint Systems Based on Volvo's Swedish Accident Database ↗ · 1997 · Isaksson-Hellman, Irene et al. · indexed
204. The NHTSA Program of Safety Belt Research ↗ · 1982 · Bigelow, Bruce E. · indexed
205. An evaluation of front seat distance from rear facing child restraint systems in prevention of injury in frontal crash tests ↗ · 2025 · Maltese, Matthew R. et al. · indexed
206. Injuries to children in forward facing child restraints. ↗ · 2002 · Arbogast, Kristy B. et al. · indexed
207. A systemic analysis of the usage of safety items among Malaysian private vehicle users ↗ · 2016 · Jawi, Z.M. et al. · indexed
208. 1998 Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey: Volume 2: Seat Belt Report · 2000 · Block, Alan W. · archived
209. Commentaries on ‘Interventions for promoting booster seat use in four to eight year olds traveling in motor vehicles’, with response from the review authors ↗ · 2006 · Duperrex, Olivier et al. · indexed
210. National Occupant Protection Use Survey: Shopping Center Study · 1995 · NHTSA · archived
211. Considerations for Building a Community-Led Initiative: Engaging Communities With Lower Child Restraint Use · 2026 · Jennings, C et al. · archived
212. Rear seat belt use in the United Arab Emirates ↗ · 2019 · Bendak, Salaheddine et al. · indexed
213. Counseling about Proper Use of Motor Vehicle Occupant Restraints and Avoidance of Alcohol Use while Driving: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement ↗ · 2007 · U.S. Preventive Services Task Force* · indexed
214. Seat belt and shoulder strap use among urban travelers : a comparison of survey results from 1974, 1975, and 1976. · 1977 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
215. Education on Proper Use of Seat Belts on School Buses · 2021 · Katz, Bryan et al. · archived
216. Performance Assessment of Prototype Seat Belt Misuse Detection System · 2018 · Mazzae, Elizabeth N. et al. · archived
217. Child passenger safety practices and injury risk in crashes with father versus mother drivers ↗ · 2014 · Kallan, Michael J et al. · indexed
218. Mandatory seat belt use. · 1984 · Grey, Joseph · archived
219. FATALITIES AND INJURIES TO 0-8 YEAR OLD PASSENGER VEHICLE OCCUPANTS BASED ON IMPACT ATTRIBUTES ↗ · 2002 · Starnes, Marc et al. · indexed
220. Increasing Seat Belt Use through State-Level Demonstration Projects: A Compendium of Initial Findings · 2008 · Blomberg, Richard D. et al. · archived
221. Traffic Safety Facts 1994: Occupant Protection · 1995 · NHTSA · archived
222. Mandatory safety belt use legislation : alternatives for Virginia lawmakers : final report. · 1986 · Ginsburg, Jessica A · archived
223. A smartphone app to communicate child passenger safety: an application of theory to practice ↗ · 2015 · Gielen, Andrea C. et al. · indexed
224. Seat belt and shoulder strap use among urban travelers : results of the summer 1977 survey : a report. · 1978 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
225. Human Factors Research on Seat Belt Assurance Systems · 2020 · Bao, Shan et al. · archived
226. A Guide to Implementing Child Passenger Safety Inspection Stations · 2021 · Ostergaard, Melissa et al. · archived
227. Exploring the Methods to Increase Seat Belt Usage in Kansas · 2007 · Zhao, Yuan · archived
228. Impacts of culture on driver knowledge and safety device usage among Hispanic farm workers ↗ · 1999 · Stiles, Martha C. et al. · indexed
229. 7A.002 The effectiveness of booster seat use in motor vehicle collisions ↗ · 2021 · Pitt, Tona et al. · indexed
230. Indirect Effects of School Bus Seat Belt Installation [Traffic Tech] · 2021 · NHTSA · archived
231. Successful Scientific Replication and Extension of Levitt (2008): Child Seats are Still No Safer Than Seat Belts ↗ · 2015 · Jones, Lauren E. et al. · indexed
232. Overrepresentation of Seat Belt Non-users in Traffic Crashes · 1988 · Hunter, W. W. et al. · archived
233. 2003 Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey: Volume 2: Safety Belt Report · 2003 · Boyle, John M., 1947- et al. · archived
234. Driver Usage Patterns of Non-Motorized, Door-Mounted, Passive 3-Point Seat Belts ↗ · 1997 · Broadhead, William G. et al. · indexed
235. Strategies to Increase Seat Belt Use: An Analysis of Levels of Fines and the Type of Law · 2010 · Nichols, James L. et al. · archived
236. Safety Belt Use Laws: Evaluation of Primary Enforcement and Other Provisions · 1995 · Winnicki, John · archived
237. 2016 Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey; Volume 2: Seat Belt Report · 2019 · Spado, Davia et al. · archived
238. Effects of Adjacent Vehicle Seat Positions on Child Restraint System (CRS) Performance in Far-Side Impacts ↗ · 2022 · Mansfield, Julie et al. · indexed
239. IRTAD Special Report : the availability of seat belt wearing data in OECD member countries, 1995 · 1997 · NHTSA · archived
240. School Bus Safety Belts: Their Use, Carryover Effects and Administrative Issues: Pertinent Excerpts · 1985 · NHTSA · archived
241. Safety Belt Interlock System: Usage Survey [1975] · 1975 · Westefeld, Albert, 1913- et al. · archived
242. Development of a Small Rear Facing Child Restraint System Virtual Surrogate to Evaluate CRS-to-Vehicle Interaction and Fitment ↗ · 2015 · Belwadi, Aditya et al. · indexed
243. 1979 Survey of Public Perceptions on Highway Safety · 1979 · NHTSA · archived
244. Effects of Head Restraint (HR) Interference on Child Restraint System (CRS) Performance in Frontal and Far-Side Impacts ↗ · 2024 · Mansfield, Julie A. · indexed
245. A preliminary evaluation of child restraints and anchorage systems for an Australian car. ↗ · 2004 · Charlton, Judith et al. · indexed
246. 2002 Safety Belt Usage Survey in Kentucky · 2002 · Agent, Kenneth R. et al. · archived
247. Pediatric occupant human body model kinematic and kinetic response variation to changes in seating posture in simulated frontal impacts – with and without automatic emergency braking ↗ · 2020 · Maheshwari, Jalaj et al. · indexed
248. Innovative Seat Belt Demonstration Programs in Kentucky, Mississippi, North Dakota, and Wyoming · 2009 · Blomberg, Richard D. et al. · archived
249. Use of Telephone Surveys to Determine Awareness of Tennessee’s Child Passenger Protection Law · 1980 · Philpot, John W. et al. · archived
250. Selective Traffic Enforcement Program for Occupant Restraints · 1987 · Rood, Debra H. et al. · archived
251. Belts on bones, not over the bump: reported seat belt use and positioning among pregnant and nonpregnant drivers and passengers in the U.S. ↗ · 2025 · Kidd, David G. et al. · indexed
252. Analyzing the First Years of the Click It or Ticket Mobilizations · 2010 · Tison, Julie et al. · archived
253. Increasing Safety Belt Use by High Risk Drivers · 1991 · Blomberg, Richard D. et al. · archived
254. Compliance with the law on car seat-belt use in four cities of Thailand. ↗ · 2000 · Aekplakorn, W et al. · indexed
255. Michigan safety belt use immediately following implementation of standard enforcement · 2000 · Eby, David W. et al. · archived
256. Effect of Varying Child Restraint System Seatback Angle on Spinal Loading of 1.5 YO and 3 YO PIPER Human Body Models in Frontal Impacts ↗ · 2026 · Tushak, Sophia K. et al. · indexed
257. 2016 Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey; Volume 1, Methodology Report · 2019 · Bailly, Kisha et al. · archived
258. Estimated safety belt use rates under primary and secondary enforcement statutes : final report. · 1991 · Stoke, Charles B et al. · archived
259. Updating the Child Restraint Systems Reference List for ASEAN NCAP ↗ · 2021 · Abu Husain, N. et al. · indexed
260. Investigation of Potential Design and Performance Criteria for Booster Seats Through Volunteer and Dynamic Testing · 2020 · Klinich, Kathleen DeSantis et al. · archived
261. Interactions of Rear-Facing Child Restraints in Frontal Crash Tests ↗ · 2026 · Tylko, Suzanne et al. · indexed
262. Are there racial disparities in the use of restraints and outcomes in children after motor vehicle crashes? ↗ · 2012 · Lee, Steven L. et al. · indexed
263. Pilot Project to Develop and Implement a Rural Youth Occupant Protection Education Platform · 2010 · Huseth, Andrea et al. · archived
264. Safety Belt Interlock System Usage Survey [1976] · 1976 · Westefeld, Albert, 1913- et al. · archived
265. The Roles of Vehicle Seat Cushion Stiffness and Length in Child Restraint System (CRS) Performance ↗ · 2020 · Mansfield, Julie et al. · indexed
266. Characteristics and Predictors of Occasional Seat Belt Use Using Strategic Highway Research Program 2 Data · 2020 · Richard, Christian M. et al. · archived
267. Occupant Protection Issues among Older Drivers and Passengers. Volume 1, Final Report · 2008 · Levi, S. et al. · archived
268. Rearward-Facing Infant Child Restraint Systems with Support Legs in Frontal and Frontal-Oblique Impacts ↗ · 2021 · Patton, Declan A. et al. · indexed
269. Observational study on seatbelt usage among rear-seat passengers in a developing metropolis: Evidence from Pedu intersection, Cape Coast, Ghana ↗ · 2025 · Amanor, William Kwaasi et al. · indexed
270. Seat Belt Use-Inducing System Effectiveness · 1975 · Appleby, M. R. et al. · archived
271. Seat belt usage in buses – An observation study of usage and travellers’ perspectives · 2023 · Anund, Anna et al. · archived
272. Sources and Remedies for Restraint System Discomfort and Inconveniences · 1974 · Pierce, B. F. et al. · archived
273. A study of Michigan safety belt use prior to implementation of standard enforcement · 2000 · Eby, David W. et al. · archived
274. Rear-Facing Child Restraint Systems in Rear Impact Sled Tests ↗ · 2018 · Mansfield, Julie et al. · indexed
275. Seat belt and shoulder strap use among urban travelers : a comparison of results from 1974 and 1975 surveys : a report. · 1976 · Stoke, Charles B · archived
276. Optimizing protection for rear seat occupants : assessing booster performance with realistic belt geometry using the hybrid III 6YO ATD. · 2011 · Klinich, Kathleen D. et al. · archived
277. Injuries Among 4- to 9-Year-Old Restrained Motor Vehicle Occupants by Seat Location and Crash Impact Site ↗ · 1989 · Agran, Phyllis · indexed
278. Comparative Performance of Forward-Facing Child Restraint Systems on the C/FMVSS 213 Bench and Vehicle Seats ↗ · 2014 · Maltese, Matthew R. et al. · indexed
279. Underutilization of occupant restraint systems in motor vehicle injury crashes: A quantitative analysis from Qatar ↗ · 2016 · El-Menyar, Ayman et al. · indexed
280. Impact of Implementing a Primary Enforcement Seat Belt Law in Florida: A Case Study · 2012 · Nichols, J. L. et al. · archived
281. Psychological Constructs Related to Seat Belt Use, Volume 2: Results Report · 2020 · Sheveland, Anna C et al. · archived
282. Increasing seatbelt usage rate among high school students. · 2010 · Mundorf, Norbert et al. · archived
283. Evaluation of California’s Safety Belt Law Change to Primary Enforcement · 1994 · Ulmer, Robert G. et al. · archived
284. Effect of realistic vehicle seats, cushion length, and lap belt geometry on child ATD kinematics. · 2011 · Klinich, Kathleen D. et al. · archived
285. May 2004 Click It or Ticket Seat Belt Mobilization Evaluation: Final Report · 2007 · Solomon, M. G. (Mark Geoffrey) et al. · archived
286. The Effects of Mandatory Seat Belt Laws on Motor Vehicle Fatalities in the United States ↗ · 2001 · Calkins, Lindsay Noble et al. · indexed
287. Safety Belt Usage Rates at High Schools and Colleges in Rhode Island: Final Report · 2004 · Berman, Daniel J. et al. · archived
288. The performance of various rear facing child restraint systems in a frontal crash. ↗ · 2004 · Sherwood, C P et al. · indexed
289. A Guide for Traffic Safety Practitioners: Best Practices for Increasing Seat Belt Use in Rural Communities · 2023 · Graham, L A et al. · archived
290. Papers on Adult Seat Belts–Effectiveness and Use · 1988 · Partyka, Susan C. · archived
291. Observed safety belt use : Fall 2000 national occupant protection use survey · 2001 · NHTSA · archived
292. Encouraging Full Time Use of Safety Belts among Current Part-Time Users · 1991 · Finn, Peter, 1940- et al. · archived
293. Childhood Motor Vehicle Occupant Injuries ↗ · 1990 · Agran, Phyllis · indexed
294. High-Visibility Enforcement and Seat Belt Use [Traffic Tech] · 2021 · NHTSA · archived
295. Safety Belt Usage: Survey of the Traffic Population · 1978 · Stowell, Carol et al. · archived
296. Dynamic Performance of Child Restraints with Two-Point Belt Securement ↗ · 2009 · Loffredo, Maria de Castro Monteiro et al. · indexed
297. Papers on adult seat belts : effectiveness and use · 1988 · Partyka, Susan C. · archived
298. Seat belt utilization in Saudi Arabia and its impact on road accident injuries ↗ · 2005 · Bendak, Salaheddine · indexed
299. Interactions between rearward-facing child restraint systems and the center console in frontal impact sled tests ↗ · 2024 · Patton, Declan A. et al. · indexed
300. The 2016 Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey: Seat Belt Report [Traffic Tech] · 2019 · NHTSA · archived
301. Factors Associated with Pediatric Mortality from Motor Vehicle Crashes in the United States: A State-Based Analysis ↗ · 2017 · Wolf, Lindsey L. et al. · indexed
302. Effect of Land Use, Time of Day and Vehicle Type on Seat Belt Use in Lagos, Nigeria. · 2012 · Akinyemi, Yingigba C. et al. · archived
303. Interaction between multiple convertible child restraint systems and pediatric occupants in oblique impacts ↗ · 2024 · Maheshwari, Jalaj et al. · indexed
304. The Impact of The Rear Seat Belt Use on Traffic Safety in the UAE ↗ · 2020 · Najah, Arwa et al. · indexed
305. Seat-belt wearing and driving behavior: An instrumented-vehicle study ↗ · 1994 · Janssen, Wiel · indexed
306. Head Impact Contact Points for Restrained Child Occupants ↗ · 2012 · Arbogast, Kristy B. et al. · indexed
307. Evaluation of a County Enforcement Program with a Primary Seat Belt Ordinance: St. Louis County, Missouri · 2010 · Nichols, J. L. et al. · archived
308. North Carolina Seat Belt Law: Questions Commonly Asked. · 1999 · NHTSA · archived
309. An analysis of seatbelt use decision making among part-time users. · 2011 · Yates, J. Frank et al. · archived
310. Evaluation of the May 2005 Click It or Ticket Mobilization to Increase Seat Belt Use · 2007 · Solomon, M. G. (Mark Geoffrey) et al. · archived
311. 2001 Safety Belt Usage Survey in Kentucky · 2001 · Agent, Kenneth R. et al. · archived
312. Assessing the prevailing driver seatbelt compliance at Madina Zongo junction in Accra, Ghana: An observational study ↗ · 2024 · Amanor, William Kwaasi et al. · indexed
313. NHTSA Child Safety Activities ↗ · 1979 · Stephenson, R. Rhoads · indexed
314. May 2003 Click It or Ticket Safety Belt Mobilization Evaluation · 2004 · Solomon, M. G. (Mark Geoffrey) et al. · archived
315. Increasing Seat Belt Use Amongst Rural Populations · 2023 · Solomon, Mark G. et al. · archived
316. Development of an alternative five-point restraint harness to accommodate children with special healthcare needs in child safety seats ↗ · 2011 · Brinkey, Lori et al. · indexed
317. Primary Laws and Fine Levels Are Associated with Increases in Seat Belt Use, 1997–2008 · 2010 · NHTSA · archived
318. Motor Vehicle Occupant Injuries to Children in Crash and Noncrash Events ↗ · 1982 · Agran, Phyllis A. et al. · indexed
319. Seat Belt Use in States and Territories with Primary and Secondary Laws -- United States, 2006 ↗ · 2009 · Beck, Laurie F. et al. · indexed
320. Kinematics of Child Volunteers and Child Anthropomorphic Test Devices During Emergency Braking Events in Real Car Environment ↗ · 2013 · Stockman, Isabelle et al. · indexed
321. Public Supports Traffic Safety Laws and Their Active Enforcement · 1996 · NHTSA · archived
322. The seat belt syndrome in children ↗ · 1994 · Lane, J.C. · indexed
323. Expanding the Seat Belt Program Strategies Toolbox: A Starter Kit for Trying New Program Ideas · 2016 · Thomas, F. Dennis et al. · archived
324. May 2006 Click It or Ticket Seat Belt Mobilization Evaluation: Final Report · 2008 · Tison, Julie et al. · archived
325. Evaluation of Maine’s Seat Belt Law Change from Secondary to Primary Enforcement · 2010 · Chaudhary, Neil K. et al. · archived
326. Observed Safety Belt Use in 1996 · 1997 · NHTSA · archived
327. Evaluation of Maryland, Oklahoma and the District of Columbia’s Seat Belt Law Change to Primary Enforcement · 2001 · Solomon, M. G. (Mark Geoffrey) et al. · archived
328. Factors related to seat belt use among fatally injured teenage drivers ↗ · 2004 · McCartt, Anne T. et al. · indexed
329. 2003 safety belt usage survey in Kentucky. · 2003 · Agent, Kenneth R. et al. · archived
330. Pilot Tests of a Seat Belt Gearshift Delay on the Belt Use of Commercial Fleet Drivers [Traffic Tech] · 2010 · NHTSA · archived
331. The constitutionality of mandatory seat belt laws. · 1986 · Booz, Mark L · archived
332. Evaluation of Louisiana’s Safety Belt Law Change to Primary Enforcement · 1997 · Preusser, David F. · archived
333. The role of enforcement programs in increasing seat belt use ↗ · 2004 · Williams, Allan F. et al. · indexed
334. ABDOMINAL INJURY RISK TO CHILDREN AND ITS PREVENTION ↗ · 1997 · Trosseille, Xavier et al. · indexed
335. Assessing the Effectiveness of Montana’s Vehicle Occupant Protection Program [summary] · 2015 · Stanley, Laura et al. · archived
336. Road transport safety and children’s cognitive attitudes ↗ · 2025 · Ötvös, Viktória · indexed
337. Evaluation of Teen Seat Belt Demonstration Projects in Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, and Texas · 2018 · Nichols, J. L. et al. · archived
338. Building Community Support for Seat Belt Enforcement: Implementation of Buckle Up Like a Champion Today in Norman, Oklahoma · 2023 · Lococo, Kathy H. et al. · archived
339. Determinants of seat belt use among drivers: a BRFSS study from a middle-income country (Vojvodina, Serbia). · 2026 · Rajčević, S et al. · archived
340. NHTSA Region IV Click It or Ticket Campaign, May 2001 · 2002 · Solomon, M. G. (Mark Geoffrey) · archived
341. Use of Seat Belt and Enforcement of Seat Belt Laws in Pakistan ↗ · 2014 · Klair, Ashfaq Ahmad et al. · indexed
342. Taxi driver seat belt wearing in Nanjing, China ↗ · 2009 · Routley, Virginia et al. · indexed
343. The social psychology of seatbelt use. · 2010 · Gonzalez, Richard et al. · archived
344. 2006 safety belt usage survey in Kentucky. · 2006 · Agent, Kenneth R. et al. · archived
345. Development and Test of a Motivational Approach and Materials for Increasing Use of Restraints · 1982 · Schwalm, Norman D. et al. · archived
346. Click It or Ticket Evaluation, 2008 - 2009 · 2013 · Solomon, Mark G. et al. · archived
347. Presence of Additional Safety Belt Enforcement Increases Safety Belt Use by Drivers ↗ · 2020 · Acosta-Rodriguez, Lusanni et al. · indexed
348. Evaluation of Teen Seat Belt Demonstration Projects in Colorado and Nevada · 2011 · Nichols, J. et al. · archived
349. 2005 safety belt usage survey in Kentucky. · 2005 · Agent, Kenneth R. et al. · archived
350. MACRO MODEL OF SEAT BELT USE BY CAR DRIVERS AND PASSENGERS ↗ · 2013 · JAMROZ, Kazimierz · indexed
351. MACRO MODEL OF SEAT BELT USE BY CAR DRIVERS AND PASSENGERS ↗ · 2013 · JAMROZ, Kazimierz · indexed
352. Predictors of safety belt use among crash-involved drivers and front seat passengers: adjusting for over-reporting ↗ · 1999 · Li, Lei et al. · indexed
353. 2000 Safety Belt Usage Survey in Kentucky · 2000 · Agent, Kenneth R. · archived
354. Psychological Constructs Related to Belt Use [Traffic Tech] · 2020 · NHTSA · archived
355. Increasing Seat Belt Use in New York City: Evaluation of a Demonstration Project · 2009 · Ledingham, Katherine et al. · archived
356. Seat Belts and the Law: Mandatory Use Laws and the Legal Consequences of Non-Use · 1990 · Bohan, Barry F. et al. · archived
357. Evaluation of Click It or Ticket Model Programs · 2002 · Solomon, M. G. (Mark Geoffrey) et al. · archived
358. Help Educate Your Community on Air Bag Safety · 1997 · NHTSA · archived
359. Motor Vehicle Childhood Injuries Caused by Noncrash Falls and Ejections ↗ · 1985 · Agran, Phyllis F. · indexed
360. 2007 safety belt usage survey in Kentucky. · 2007 · Agent, Kenneth R. et al. · archived
361. Seat Belt Use in 2025 – Overall Results [Traffic Safety Facts] · 2026 · NHTSA · archived
362. Deciding to click it : seatbelt use by Missouri teens · 2006 · Richardson Jr, Lilliard E et al. · archived
363. Using naturalistic driving data to examine drivers' seatbelt use behavior: Comparison between teens and adults ↗ · 2015 · Bao, Shan et al. · indexed
364. Frontal-oblique impact sled tests of a rearward-facing child restraint system with and without a support leg ↗ · 2023 · Patton, Declan A. et al. · indexed
365. Restraint Use and Injury Patterns of Young Drivers and Passengers Admitted to Hospitals in New South Wales, Australia ↗ · 2014 · Brown, Julie et al. · indexed
366. Demonstration of the Trauma Nurses Talk Tough Seat Belt Diversion Program in North Carolina. · 2014 · Thomas, F. Dennis et al. · archived
367. Front-Row Seatback Contact for Pediatric Occupants Seated in Rearward-Facing Infant Child Restraint Systems during Frontal Crashes ↗ · 2026 · Patton, Declan A. et al. · indexed
368. 2004 safety belt usage survey in Kentucky. · 2004 · Agent, Kenneth R. et al. · archived
369. Increasing seat belt use in the United States by promoting and requiring more effective seat belt reminder systems ↗ · 2023 · Kidd, David G. et al. · indexed
370. Pilot Tests of a Seat Belt Gearshift Delay on the Belt Use of Commercial Fleet Drivers · 2009 · Van Houten, Ron et al. · archived
371. Understanding internal and external influences on seat belt use in the oil and gas extraction industry ↗ · 2026 · Rodríguez-Acosta, Rosa L. et al. · indexed
372. Evaluation of a Rural Demonstration Program to Increase Seat Belt Use in the Great Lakes Region · 2009 · Nichols, James L. et al. · archived
373. Effectiveness of Seat Belts in Reducing Injuries · 2007 · Dissanayake, Sunanda et al. · archived
374. Lower Extremity Injuries in Children Seated in Forward Facing Child Restraint Systems ↗ · 2007 · Jermakian, Jessica S. et al. · indexed
375. 2010 safety belt usage survey in Kentucky. · 2010 · Agent, Kenneth R. et al. · archived
376. Does driver seatbelt use increase usage among front seat passengers? An exploratory analysis ↗ · 2021 · Buchman, Tracy · indexed
377. The Latent Class Multinomial Logit Model for Modeling Front-Seat Passenger Seatbelt Choice, Considering Seatbelt Status of Driver ↗ · 2021 · Rezapour, Mahdi et al. · indexed
378. Evaluating teen driving knowledge and behaviors following educational outreach · 2020 · Monroe, Kathy et al. · archived
379. 2008 safety belt usage survey in Kentucky. · 2008 · Agent, Kenneth R. et al. · archived
380. Assessment of seat belt use in University of Cape Coast campus, Ghana ↗ · 2018 · Ogunleye-Adetona, Comfort et al. · indexed
381. Unconscious Motivators and Situational Safety Belt Use: Literature Review and Results from an Expert Panel Meeting · 2006 · Brittle, Christine et al. · archived
382. 1998-2000 State Shoulder Belt Use Survey Results · 2001 · NHTSA · archived
383. Demonstration of the Trauma Nurses Talk Tough Seat Belt Diversion Program in North Carolina Reaches High-Risk Drivers [Traffic Tech] · 2014 · NHTSA · archived
384. Using naturalistic driving data to identify variables associated with infrequent, occasional, and consistent seat belt use ↗ · 2013 · Reagan, Ian J. et al. · indexed
385. Predictors of Pediatric Abdominal Injury Risk ↗ · 2004 · Arbogast, Kristy B. et al. · indexed
386. Safety Belt Use: Traffic Safety Tips · 1996 · NHTSA · archived
387. Field Accident Data Analysis of 2nd Row Children and Individual Case Reviews ↗ · 2008 · Viano, David C. et al. · indexed
388. Testing of Unattended Child Reminder Systems · 2022 · Prasad, Aloke et al. · archived
389. GROWING UP SAFE: INSIGHTS FROM MALAYSIAN ROAD SAFETY EDUCATION PROGRAM ON IMPROVING ROAD SAFETY BEHAVIOURS ↗ · 2024 · Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research, Malaysia et al. · indexed
390. Child Restraint Systems: Top Tether Effectiveness in Side Impact Collisions ↗ · 2013 · Neal, Joseph M. et al. · indexed
391. Compatibility Between Vehicle Seating Environments and Load Legs on Child Restraint Systems (CRS) ↗ · 2024 · Mansfield, Julie · indexed
392. Performance of Energy Management Features of Child Restraint System LATCH Hardware · 2021 · Manary, Miriam A. et al. · archived
393. Frontal NCAP crash tests with rear-seat occupant ↗ · 2024 · Viano, David C. · indexed
394. Response of Hybrid III 3YO Installed in Group I and Group II Child Restraint System (CRS) Subjected to Dynamic Tests According to ECE R 44 / ABNT NBR 14400 ↗ · 2011 · Gouvea, Marco Aurelio et al. · indexed
395. Injury Causation Scenarios in Belt-Restrained Nearside Child Occupants ↗ · 2007 · Maltese, Matthew R. et al. · indexed
396. Rear seat occupant protection in frontal crashes ↗ · 2005 · Kuppa, Shashi et al. · indexed
397. Air Bags and Passenger Fatality According to Passenger Age and Restraint Use ↗ · 2002 · Cummings, Peter et al. · indexed
398. Understanding the effects of age and safety countermeasures on occupant kinematics in low-acceleration, time-extended events ↗ · 2021 · Holt, Christine et al. · indexed
399. Causes of severe injuries in wheelchair user motor vehicle passengers: pilot study for future safety restraint system. · 2026 · Hitosugi, M et al. · archived
400. Injury Sources for Second Row Occupants in Frontal Crashes Considering Age and Restraint Condition Influence ↗ · 2015 · Gudlur, Anand Sai et al. · indexed
401. Risk of injury to restrained children from passenger airbags. ↗ · 2002 · Durbin, Dennis R. et al. · indexed
402. Noncrash Motor Vehicle Accidents ↗ · 1985 · Agran, Phyllis F. · indexed
403. Techniques for developing child dummy protection reference values : event report · 1996 · Auguste, Gaston et al. · archived
404. Techniques for Developing Child Dummy Protection Reference Values. Event Report · 1996 · Klinich, Kathleen DeSantis et al. · archived
405. Responses of the scaled pediatric human body model in the rear- and forward-facing child seats in simulated frontal motor vehicle crashes ↗ · 2019 · Belwadi, Aditya et al. · indexed
406. Evaluating the response of the PIPER scalable human body model across child restraining seats in simulated frontal crashes ↗ · 2018 · Maheshwari, Jalaj et al. · indexed
407. Evaluation of Pediatric ATD Biofidelity as Compared to Child Volunteers in Low-Speed Far-Side Oblique and Lateral Impacts ↗ · 2014 · Seacrist, Thomas et al. · indexed
408. Crash Performance of Rear-facing Restraints With a Fracture Type Spica Casted 1-Year-Old Dummy ↗ · 2021 · Collins, Angela et al. · indexed
409. Evaluation of Harness Tightening Procedures for Child Restraint System (CRS) Sled Testing ↗ · 2019 · Mansfield, Julie et al. · indexed
410. Childhood unintentional injuries: Supervision and first aid provided · 2013 · Jonkheijm, Annabel et al. · archived
411. The Effects of Head Padding in Rear Facing Child Restraints ↗ · 2005 · Abdelilah, Yasmina et al. · indexed
412. Testing Rear-Door-Logic Based Unattended Child Reminder Systems · 2024 · Prasad, Aloke et al. · archived
413. Active Head Restraints Used to Improve the Car Seats Safety in a Rear Impact Situation, in Accordance with the Requirements of EURO NCAP ↗ · 2014 · Solopov, Dmitri et al. · indexed
414. Analysis and Optimization of the Performance of Rear-seat Female Occupant in Frontal Crash Based on Euro-NCAP ↗ · 2015 · Cao, Libo et al. · indexed
415. Evaluation of Tether Anchor Zones for FMVSS No. 225 · 2025 · Wietholter, Kedryn et al. · archived
416. 1020 - AN INSIGHT INTO PARENTAL ATTITUDES ON ROAD SAFETY MEASURES ↗ · 2018 · Wassef, Reem · indexed
417. Top tether effectiveness during side impacts ↗ · 2018 · Majstorovic, Jordan Mitchell et al. · indexed
418. Evaluating Pediatric Abdominal Injuries ↗ · 2005 · Arbogast, Kristy B. et al. · indexed
419. Rear-Seat Occupant Responses in NHTSA Rear Crash Tests ↗ · 2018 · Viano, David C. et al. · indexed
420. Status of Injury Biomechanics for the Development of Child Dummies ↗ · 1993 · Beusenberg, M. C. et al. · indexed
421. Advanced Restraint Features Development - An Approach of Driver Out-of-Position Thoracic Injury Mitigation ↗ · 2000 · Mu, William · indexed
422. Legal Protection of Vehicle Users by Under Age (Minors) Viewed from The Perspective at Present Act No.22 of 2009 on Traffic and Transportation ↗ · 2018 · Suwitno, Suwitno · indexed
423. Development of Test Procedures for Lower Interior Rear Seat Occupant Protection · 2022 · Wietholter, Kedryn · archived
424. Front Seat Modeling in Rear Impact Crashes: Development of a Detailed Finite-Element Model for Seat Back Strength Requirements · 2019 · Bridges, Wade et al. · archived
425. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Barriers Toward Implementing CBAHI Standards among Dental Practitioners in Saudi Arabia ↗ · 2026 · Ahmed, Elaf Mohammed Salih · indexed
426. Unveiling local patterns of child pornography consumption in France using Tor ↗ · 2024 · Koebe, Till et al. · indexed
427. A Critical Assessment of the Environmental and Spatial Consequences of Child Begging in Abeokuta, Nigeria ↗ · 2026 · Taiwo, Amos Oluwole et al. · indexed
428. Looked after children and youth justice: a response to recent reviews ↗ · 2017 · Staines, Jo · indexed
429. Why Parents Say No to Having Their Children Vaccinated against Measles: A Systematic Review of the Social Determinants of Parental Perceptions on MMR Vaccine Hesitancy ↗ · 2023 · Novilla, M. Lelinneth B. et al. · indexed
430. The most important social problems faced by families in caring for children with autism and ways of treatment and rehabilitation ↗ · 2018 · Ahmad, Assist profr Dr. Abeer Najim Abdullah · indexed
431. Nurse-Led Implementation of Evidence-Based Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Care in Pediatrics: A Qualitative Study ↗ · 2026 · Algamdi, Maaidah M. et al. · indexed
432. The nexus between child streetism and delinquency in Nigeria: Implications for sustainable development ↗ · 2024 · Taiwo, Amos Oluwole · indexed
433. Problems with Implementation of Sustainable Urban Mobility in Selected Polish Cities ↗ · 2024 · Szagała, Piotr et al. · indexed
434. Estudo do atendimento de enfermagem institucional a crianças de 0 a 5 anos Institutional nursing attendance of children zero to five years of age ↗ · 1981 · Moura, Nelice Ferreira · indexed
435. Household Food Insecurity, Growth and Development of Preschool Children: Evidence From Rural Pakistan ↗ · 2025 · Alsager, Alya et al. · indexed
436. Three Years Later: Healthiness of Food in New Zealand Primary School Canteens Following Implementation of the Healthy Food and Drink Guidance ↗ · 2025 · Pillay, Danika et al. · indexed
437. Retropupillary Fixation of Iris-Claw Intraocular Lens for Aphakic Eyes in Children. ↗ · 2015 · Brandner, Martina et al. · indexed
438. Is Non-Restorative Cavity Treatment a Practical Choice in Primary Teeth? ↗ · 2022 · Shetty, Amarshree A. et al. · indexed
439. Inevitable Late Miscarriage Associated with Mycoplasma hominis Bacteremia Following Cervical Cerclage: A Case Report and Literature Review ↗ · 2026 · Hao, D et al. · indexed
440. Evaluation of the efficacy of plaque reduction and gingival health among 6-12 years old school children before and after a short term daily intake of probiotic lozenge - A comparative study ↗ · 2022 · Kavitha, Muthukrishnan et al. · indexed
441. Religión, Estado, asistencia y sociedad: un análisis de sus relaciones a partir de las particularidades del encierro femenino en Azul (1918-1932) ↗ · 2018 · Giacomelli, María Julieta · indexed