working memory

The cognitive system for briefly holding and manipulating information that is no longer present: short-term maintenance, storage capacity limits, rehearsal, and the active workspace for ongoing mental operations. This is the foundational, domain-general construct of temporary information storage. Unlike executive_function, which is the control processes that direct cognition, working_memory is the limited-capacity buffer those processes operate on; unlike perceptual_processing, it holds information after it has been perceived; unlike individual_differences, it names a specific construct, not general between-person variation.

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Instruments & Measures 1 of 828 declare it

828 paper(s) · ranked by relevance to this topic

  1. The many faces of working memory and short-term storage · 2016 · Cowan, Nelson · archived
  2. Working Memory Capacity · 2016 · Cowan, Nelson · archived
  3. Working Memory: The Interface between Memory and Cognition · 1992 · Baddeley, Alan · indexed
  4. Working Memory Capacity · 2010 · Cowan, Nelson · archived
  5. The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory? · 2000 · Baddeley, Alan · archived
  6. The Magical Mystery Four · 2010 · Cowan, Nelson · archived
  7. The multicomponent model of working memory fifty years on · 2024 · Hitch, Graham J. et al. · archived
  8. Verbal Working Memory · 2019 · Buchsbaum, Bradley R. · indexed
  9. Working Memory: Theories, Models, and Controversies · 2011 · Baddeley, Alan · archived
  10. Practitioner Review: Verbal Working Memory Development and its Disorders · 1995 · Hulme, Charles et al. · indexed
  11. An Embedded-Processes Model of Working Memory · 1999 · Cowan, Nelson · archived
  12. Verbal Reasoning and Working Memory · 1976 · Hitch, G. J. et al. · indexed
  13. Working Memory Capacity as Executive Attention · 2002 · Engle, Randall W · archived
  14. On the law relating processing to storage in working memory. · 2011 · Barrouillet, Pierre et al. · archived
  15. Is working memory still working? · 2001 · Baddeley, Alan · indexed
  16. Limitations of working memory capacity: The cognitive and social consequences · 2017 · Gruszka, Aleksandra et al. · indexed
  17. Working memory, attention and their relationship: A theoretical overview · 2021 · Angelopoulou, Effrosyni et al. · archived
  18. A two-level hierarchical framework of visual short-term memory · 2018 · Yatziv, Tal et al. · indexed
  19. Working Memory in Children: A Cognitive Approach · 2006 · Hitch, Graham J. · indexed
  20. As Time Goes By · 2012 · Barrouillet, Pierre et al. · archived
  21. Working Memory and Executive Control: A Time-based Resource-sharing Account · 2010 · Barrouillet, Pierre et al. · indexed
  22. The capacity of visual working memory for features and conjunctions · 1997 · Luck, Steven J. et al. · indexed
  23. Temporal dynamics of brain activation during a working memory task · 1997 · Cohen, Jonathan D. et al. · indexed
  24. Working Memory Maturation · 2016 · Cowan, Nelson · archived
  25. Changing concepts of working memory · 2014 · Ma, Wei Ji et al. · indexed
  26. Working memory and language: an overview · 2003 · Baddeley, Alan · indexed
  27. Investigating the episodic buffer · 2010 · Baddeley, Alan et al. · archived
  28. Neural Limits to Representing Objects Still within View · 2013 · Tsubomi, Hiroyuki et al. · indexed
  29. The fractionation of working memory · 1996 · Baddeley, Alan · indexed
  30. Benchmarks for models of short-term and working memory. · 2018 · Cowan, Nelson · archived
  31. Storing Verbal Information in Working Memory · 2015 · Camos, Valérie · indexed
  32. Decomposing adult age differences in working memory. · 1991 · Salthouse, Timothy A. et al. · indexed
  33. Evolution of Models of Working Memory and Cognitive Resources · 2016 · Wingfield, Arthur · indexed
  34. Symbiosis of executive and selective attention in working memory · 2014 · Vandierendonck, André · archived
  35. Developmental Changes in Short-term Memory: A Revised Working Memory Perspective · 2019 · Gathercole, Susan E. et al. · indexed
  36. What is working memory capacity, and how can we measure it? · 2013 · Wilhelm, Oliver et al. · indexed
  37. Role of Working Memory in Task Switching · 2012 · Vandierendonck, André · archived
  38. Working memory capacity and its relation to general intelligence · 2003 · Engle, Randall W · indexed
  39. Working Memory and Severe Learning Difficulties (PLE: Memory) · 2014 · Hulme, Charles et al. · indexed
  40. Simple spans underestimate verbal working memory capacity. · 2021 · Barrouillet, Pierre et al. · indexed
  41. Spatiotemporal dynamics of component processes in human working memory · 1993 · Gevins, Alan et al. · indexed
  42. A Multicomponent Model of Working Memory · 2020 · Baddeley, Alan et al. · indexed
  43. Working Memory: The Multiple-Component Model · 1999 · Baddeley, Alan et al. · indexed
  44. Working Memory, Thought, and Action · 2007 · Baddeley, Alan · indexed
  45. When Working Memory May Be Just Working, not Memory · 2022 · Beukers, Andre Oliveira et al. · indexed
  46. The neural basis of the central executive system of working memory · 1995 · D'Esposito, Mark et al. · indexed
  47. Storage of features, conjunctions, and objects in visual working memory. · 2001 · Vogel, Edward K. et al. · indexed
  48. Working Memory and Executive Attention: A Revisit · 2018 · Engle, Randall W. · indexed
  49. Verbal Representations and Spatial Manipulation During Mental Synthesis · 1999 · Pearson, David et al. · indexed
  50. A Working Memory System With Distributed Executive Control · 2016 · Vandierendonck, André · indexed
  51. The role of working memory capacity in retrieval. · 1997 · Engle, Randall W · archived
  52. On the interpretation of working memory span in adults · 2000 · Towse, John N. et al. · archived
  53. Working Memory: A View from Neuroimaging · 1997 · Smith, Edward E. et al. · indexed
  54. Binding in short-term visual memory. · 2002 · Treisman, Anne · indexed
  55. Adult age differences in working memory · 1990 · Craik, Fergus I. M. et al. · indexed
  56. Exploring the Central Executive · 1996 · Baddeley, Alan · archived
  57. Working memory implements distinct maintenance mechanisms depending on task goals · 2017 · Fahrenfort, Johannes J. et al. · indexed
  58. Representation and computation in working memory · 2022 · Bays, Paul et al. · indexed
  59. Is working memory domain-general or domain-specific? · 2024 · Nozari, Nazbanou et al. · indexed
  60. A Cortical Mechanism for Binding in Visual Working Memory · 2001 · Raffone, Antonino et al. · indexed
  61. Effects of adult age on structural and operational capacities in working memory. · 1991 · Salthouse, Timothy A. et al. · indexed
  62. Auditory cortex supports verbal working memory capacity · 2020 · Bidelman, Gavin M. et al. · indexed
  63. Time Constraints and Resource Sharing in Adults' Working Memory Spans. · 2004 · Barrouillet, Pierre et al. · indexed
  64. Verbal working memory and sentence comprehension · 1999 · Caplan, David et al. · indexed
  65. Spontaneous serial refreshing in verbal and spatial working memory? · 2022 · Vergauwe, Evie et al. · indexed
  66. Working Memory Is Complex and Dynamic, Like Your Thoughts · 2022 · Buschman, Timothy J. et al. · indexed
  67. Working Memory Period: The Endurance of Mental Representations · 2004 · Towse, John N. et al. · indexed
  68. A Meta-analysis of Executive Components of Working Memory · 2012 · Nee, Derek Evan et al. · indexed
  69. Implicit working memory · 2009 · Hassin, Ran R. et al. · indexed
  70. A controlled-attention view of working-memory capacity. · 2001 · Engle, Randall W · archived
  71. Working Memory in Learning Disability Subgroups · 1993 · Swanson, H.Lee · indexed
  72. Mechanism for top-down control of working memory capacity · 2009 · Edin, Fredrik et al. · archived
  73. Remembering Over the Short and Long Term · 2020 · Reuter-Lorenz, Patricia A. et al. · indexed
  74. Genetic Structure of Spatial and Verbal Working Memory · 2001 · Ando, Juko et al. · indexed
  75. The role of semantic representations in verbal working memory. · 2018 · Loaiza, Vanessa M. et al. · indexed
  76. Visual working memory depends on attentional filtering · 2006 · Cowan, Nelson et al. · indexed
  77. Working Memory Constraints on Linear Reasoning with Spatial and Temporal Contents · 1997 · Vandierendonck, Andre et al. · indexed
  78. Representation and computation in visual working memory · 2024 · Bays, Paul M. et al. · indexed
  79. From working memory to long-term memory and back: Linked but distinct · 2003 · Grossberg, Stephen · indexed
  80. Time and cognitive load in working memory. · 2007 · Barrouillet, Pierre et al. · indexed
  81. Working Memory and Expertise · 2020 · Hambrick, David Z. et al. · indexed
  82. Role of Verbal Working Memory in Complex Skill Acquisition · 1997 · Perlow, Richard et al. · indexed
  83. Individual Differences in the Delayed Execution of Prospective Memories · 2013 · Ball, B. Hunter et al. · indexed
  84. The role of working memory in mental arithmetic · 2004 · DeStefano, Diana et al. · indexed
  85. Development of working memory for verbal–spatial associations · 2006 · Cowan, Nelson et al. · indexed
  86. Maintenance of item and order information in verbal working memory · 2016 · Camos, Valérie et al. · indexed
  87. Verbal Working Memory as Emergent from Language Comprehension and Production · 2020 · Schwering, Steven C. et al. · indexed
  88. Working memory’s workload capacity · 2015 · Strayer, David L. et al. · archived
  89. Binding across space and time in visual working memory · 2010 · Karlsen, Paul Johan et al. · archived
  90. How conscious experience and working memory interact · 2003 · Baars, Bernard J. et al. · indexed
  91. On the interplay between maintenance systems in verbal working memory · 2026 · Labaronne, Maximilien et al. · indexed
  92. The Nature of Task Set Representations in Working Memory · 2017 · Kikumoto, Atsushi et al. · indexed
  93. Evidence for two attentional components in visual working memory. · 2014 · Allen, Richard J. et al. · archived
  94. What's on your mind: The influence of the contents of working memory on choice · 2009 · Weaver, Starla M. et al. · indexed
  95. Visual working memory for simple and complex visual stimuli · 2005 · Eng, Hing Yee et al. · archived
  96. The Resource King is dead! Long live the Resource King! · 1999 · Towse, John N. et al. · archived
  97. Working memory still needs verbal rehearsal · 2015 · Lucidi, Annalisa et al. · indexed
  98. Memory updating in working memory: The role of the central executive · 1990 · Morris, Neil et al. · indexed
  99. Is working memory training effective? · 2012 · Engle, Randall W · archived
  100. Individual Differences in Attention Control · 2020 · Mashburn, Cody A. et al. · indexed
  101. Updating Information in Verbal Working Memory and Executive Functioning · 2005 · Doiseau, Frédéric et al. · indexed
  102. Adult age differences in working memory. · 1989 · Dobbs, Allen R. et al. · indexed
  103. Working Memory Capacity Predicts Conflict-Task Performance · 2014 · Gulbinaite, Rasa et al. · indexed
  104. Working Memory and Children's Mental Addition · 1997 · Adams, John W. et al. · indexed
  105. Putting Things into Perspective · 2005 · Brumback, Carrie R. et al. · indexed
  106. Similarity, not complexity, determines visual working memory performance. · 2015 · Jackson, Margaret C. et al. · indexed
  107. The reliability and stability of verbal working memory measures · 2003 · Waters, Gloria et al. · archived
  108. Further fractionations of verbal working memory · 1999 · Martin, Randi C. · indexed
  109. Motor system contributions to verbal and non-verbal working memory · 2014 · Liao, Diana A. et al. · indexed
  110. Shortened complex span tasks can reliably measure working memory capacity · 2014 · Foster, Jeffrey L. et al. · indexed
  111. Boundary conditions for observing cognitive load effects in visual working memory · 2022 · Ricker, Timothy J. et al. · indexed
  112. Design Applications of Visual Spatial Thinking · 2005 · Wickens, C. D. · indexed
  113. The relationship of life event stress and working memory capacity · 2001 · Klein, Kitty et al. · indexed
  114. On the transfer of information from temporary to permanent memory · 1983 · Craik, Fergus Ian Muirden · indexed
  115. The Development of Working Memory · 2020 · Spencer, John P. · indexed
  116. For Whom the Mind Wanders, and When · 2007 · Kane, Michael J. et al. · indexed
  117. The influence of lapses of attention on working memory capacity · 2015 · Unsworth, Nash et al. · indexed
  118. Different states in visual working memory: when it guides attention and when it does not · 2011 · Olivers, Christian N.L. et al. · indexed
  119. Sparse spatial scaffolding for visual working memory · 2023 · Liu, Baiwei et al. · indexed
  120. Working Memory Capacity: An Individual Differences Approach. · 1988 · Engle, Randall W. · indexed
  121. Binding in visual working memory is task dependent · 2025 · Cao, Ruoyi et al. · indexed
  122. Binding in visual working memory is task dependent · 2023 · Cao, Ruoyi et al. · indexed
  123. Does semantic long-term memory impact refreshing in verbal working memory? · 2019 · Camos, Valérie et al. · indexed
  124. Evidence for spontaneous serial refreshing in verbal working memory? · 2017 · Vergauwe, Evie et al. · indexed
  125. What are the units of storage in visual working memory? · 2010 · Fougnie, D. et al. · indexed
  126. A sensorimotor view of verbal working memory · 2019 · Buchsbaum, Bradley R. et al. · indexed
  127. Neural mechanisms of attending to items in working memory · 2019 · Manohar, Sanjay G. et al. · indexed
  128. Working Memory 2.0 · 2018 · Miller, Earl K. et al. · indexed
  129. Components of verbal working memory · 1999 · Toomela, Aaro et al. · indexed
  130. Temporal Grouping Effects in Immediate Recall: A Working Memory Analysis · 1996 · Hitch, Graham J. et al. · archived
  131. Is the binding of visual features in working memory resource-demanding? · 2006 · Allen, Richard J. et al. · indexed
  132. Evidence against decay in verbal working memory. · 2013 · Oberauer, Klaus et al. · indexed
  133. The neural correlates of the verbal component of working memory · 1993 · Paulesu, E. et al. · indexed
  134. A working memory test battery for MATLAB · 2010 · Lewandowsky, Stephan et al. · indexed
  135. Visual and verbal thought tendencies shape working memory under distraction · 2026 · Chkhaidze, Ana et al. · indexed
  136. Visual working memory as the substrate for mental rotation · 2007 · Hyun, Joo-Seok et al. · archived
  137. Verbal Working Memory Encodes Phonological and Semantic Information Differently · 2022 · Kowialiewski, Benjamin et al. · indexed
  138. Visual working memory’s pointer system: Past, present, and future · 2025 · Balaban, Halely et al. · indexed
  139. Perceptual organization influences visual working memory · 2003 · Woodman, Geoffrey F. et al. · archived
  140. The Distributed Nature of Working Memory · 2017 · Christophel, Thomas B. et al. · indexed
  141. Restriction of working memory capacity during worry. · 2008 · Hayes, Sarra et al. · indexed
  142. Control of eye movements by working memory load · 1986 · Fleischer, A. G. · indexed
  143. Dynamic Representations in Visual Working Memory · 2020 · Park, Ben et al. · indexed
  144. Sparse spatial scaffolding for visual working memory · 2026 · Liu, Baiwei et al. · indexed
  145. Recency Reexamined · 2022 · Baddeley, Alan et al. · indexed
  146. Developmental fractionation of working memory · 1990 · Hitch, Graham J. · indexed
  147. Re-examining the Role of Working Memory in Visual Search · 2013 · ZHANG, Bao · indexed
  148. Can valuable information be prioritized in verbal working memory? · 2020 · Atkinson, Amy Louise et al. · archived
  149. Discrete fixed-resolution representations in visual working memory · 2008 · Zhang, Weiwei et al. · archived
  150. Does Response Selection Use Working Memory? · 2008 · Wifall, Timothy et al. · indexed
  151. Oculomotor preparation as a rehearsal mechanism in spatial working memory · 2014 · Pearson, David et al. · indexed
  152. Sequential dynamics of memory load: contralateral delay activity and behavioral evidence · 2026 · Villena-González, Mario et al. · indexed
  153. Independent operation of implicit working memory under cognitive load · 2017 · Ji, Eunhee et al. · indexed
  154. Jointly looking to the past and the future in visual working memory · 2024 · Liu, Baiwei et al. · indexed
  155. Verbal working memory in ADHD children · 2008 · Borkowska, Aneta et al. · archived
  156. Auditory working memory and verbal recall memory in schizotypy · 2000 · Lenzenweger, M.F et al. · indexed
  157. The effect of rehearsal rate and memory load on verbal working memory · 2015 · Fegen, David et al. · indexed
  158. Visual working memory in young children · 1988 · Hitch, Graham J. et al. · archived
  159. Stage effects of negative emotion on spatial and verbal working memory · 2010 · Li, Xuebing et al. · indexed
  160. Working memory, number sense, and arithmetical performance · 2018 · Corso, Luciana Vellinho · indexed
  161. Task goals dynamically reconfigure neural working memory representations · 2026 · Printzlau, Frida A.B. et al. · indexed
  162. Maintenance Mechanisms in Children’s Verbal Working Memory · 2015 · Oftinger, Anne-Laure et al. · indexed
  163. Visuospatial working memory, movement control and executive demands · 1995 · Salway, Alice et al. · indexed
  164. Imagery and visuospatial working memory · 2007 · Baddeley, Alan · indexed
  165. An interference model for visual and verbal working memory. · 2024 · Oberauer, Klaus et al. · indexed
  166. Dynamic Updating of Working Memory Resources for Visual Objects · 2011 · Gorgoraptis, N. et al. · indexed
  167. Working memory in children with specific arithmetical learning difficulties · 1991 · Hitch, Graham J. et al. · indexed
  168. Oculomotor involvement in spatial working memory is task-specific · 2013 · Ball, Keira et al. · indexed
  169. Olfactory working memory: effects of verbalization on the 2-back task · 2011 · Jönsson, Fredrik U. et al. · indexed
  170. An interference model for visual and verbal working memory · 2023 · Oberauer, Klaus et al. · indexed
  171. Interference of working memory load with long‐term memory formation · 2009 · Axmacher, Nikolai et al. · indexed
  172. Statistical processing of perceptual groups under working memory load · 2016 · Epstein, Michael et al. · indexed
  173. Visual-spatial and verbal-spatial binding in working memory. · 2014 · Santana, Jeanny Joana Rodrigues Alves de et al. · indexed
  174. Reducing failures of visual working memory with tailored feedback · 2024 · Kozlova, Olga et al. · indexed
  175. The privileged role of location in visual working memory · 2013 · Pertzov, Yoni et al. · archived
  176. Distinct contributions by frontal and parietal cortices support working memory · 2017 · Mackey, Wayne E. et al. · indexed
  177. Location and binding in visual working memory · 2006 · Treisman, Anne et al. · archived
  178. The strategic retention of task-relevant objects in visual working memory. · 2013 · Maxcey-Richard, Ashleigh M. et al. · indexed
  179. The Role of Prefrontal Cortex in Working Memory: A Mini Review · 2015 · Lara, Antonio H. et al. · indexed
  180. Persistent activity in the prefrontal cortex during working memory · 2003 · Curtis, Clayton E. et al. · indexed
  181. The Development of Attention Systems and Working Memory in Infancy · 2016 · Reynolds, Greg D. et al. · indexed
  182. Network Structure During Encoding Predicts Working Memory Performance · 2018 · Wodeyar, Anirudh et al. · indexed
  183. Attentional control settings are stored in activated long term memory · 2017 · Plater, Lindsay et al. · indexed
  184. Numerical Processing in the Stroop Task of Working Memory · 2021 · Wang, Anqi · indexed
  185. Binding faces and names in working memory requires additional attentional resources. · 2011 · Godoy, Juliana Pardo Moura Campos et al. · indexed
  186. Orientation-specific configuration based representations in spatial working memory · 2004 · Boduroğlu, Ayşecan et al. · indexed
  187. Age-Related Changes in Verbal Working Memory Strategies · 2020 · Chevalère, Johann et al. · indexed
  188. Training of Verbal Working Memory at Sentence Level Fails to Show Transfer · 2017 · Fellman, Daniel et al. · indexed
  189. Spatial working memory load affects counting but not subitizing in enumeration · 2011 · Shimomura, Tomonari et al. · archived
  190. Visual working memory load persists during the comparison phase · 2024 · Zhao, Chong et al. · indexed
  191. Dissociable online integration processes in visual working memory · 2023 · Balaban, Halely et al. · indexed
  192. Fluctuations of Attention and Working Memory · 2019 · Adam, Kirsten C.S. et al. · indexed
  193. Resource or slot model in visual working memory: Are they different? · 2024 · Hojjati, Fatemeh et al. · indexed
  194. Training of Working Memory Impacts Structural Connectivity · 2010 · Takeuchi, Hikaru et al. · indexed
  195. Prefrontal cortex and working memory processes · 2006 · Funahashi, S. · indexed
  196. Impulsive decision making and working memory. · 2003 · Hinson, John M. et al. · indexed
  197. Hierarchical Encoding in Visual Working Memory · 2011 · Brady, Timothy F. et al. · indexed
  198. Input to Verbal Working Memory · 2004 · Jacobsen, Thomas et al. · indexed
  199. Task-Dependent Neural Coding in Visual Working Memory · 2025 · Boakye, Dennis et al. · indexed
  200. Language Production and Working Memory · 2014 · Goldrick, Matthew et al. · indexed
  201. Memory Span on the Wechsler Scales · 2004 · Wilde, Nancy J. et al. · indexed
  202. Dissociating working memory from task difficulty in human prefrontal cortex · 1997 · Barch, Deanna M. et al. · indexed
  203. Mental multiplication and working memory · 2000 · Seitz, Katja et al. · indexed
  204. Effects of working memory load on long‐term word priming · 2004 · Baqués, Josep et al. · indexed
  205. Long-term memory and working memory compete and cooperate to guide attention · 2022 · Hirschstein, Zall et al. · indexed
  206. Working memory load impairs transfer learning in human adults · 2023 · Balter, Leonie J. T. et al. · indexed
  207. The role of left prefrontal cortex in language and memory · 1998 · Gabrieli, John D. E. et al. · indexed
  208. Working memory load affects both motor replanning and execution · 2021 · Wen, Xiao et al. · indexed
  209. The irrelevant speech effect and working memory load · 2004 · Gisselgård, Jens et al. · indexed
  210. Distributed and drifting signals for working memory load in human cortex · 2025 · Adam, Kirsten C.S. et al. · indexed
  211. Correspondence problems cause repositioning costs in visual working memory · 2012 · Levillain, Florent et al. · indexed
  212. Verbal, visual, and spatial working memory in written language production · 2007 · Kellogg, Ronald T. et al. · indexed
  213. An object-based pointer system in visual working memory · 2018 · Balaban, Halely et al. · indexed
  214. Factorial comparison of working memory models. · 2014 · van den Berg, Ronald et al. · indexed
  215. Dissociating Verbal and Spatial Working Memory Using PET · 1996 · Smith, E. E. et al. · indexed
  216. The influence of working memory load on the Simon effect · 2010 · Zhao, Xiao et al. · indexed
  217. Configural representations in spatial working memory · 2014 · Boduroglu, Aysecan et al. · indexed
  218. Neural dynamics of verbal working memory in auditory description naming · 2018 · Kambara, Toshimune et al. · indexed
  219. Neural Correlates of Verbal Working Memory: An fMRI Meta-Analysis · 2019 · Emch, Mónica et al. · indexed
  220. Electrophysiological correlates of verbal and tonal working memory · 2012 · Bittrich, Katrin et al. · indexed
  221. Cognition counts: A working memory system for ease of language understanding (ELU) · 2008 · Rönnberg, Jer­ker et al. · indexed
  222. Working memory training reduces working memory load effect · 2010 · Kim, H. et al. · indexed
  223. Working-memory load and temporal myopia in dynamic decision making. · 2012 · Worthy, Darrell A. et al. · indexed
  224. Spatial Transposition Gradients in Visual Working Memory · 2013 · Rerko, Laura et al. · indexed
  225. Interactions between visual working memory representations · 2017 · Bae, Gi-Yeul et al. · archived
  226. Working memory in adults who stutter using a visual N-back task · 2021 · Gkalitsiou, Zoi et al. · indexed
  227. Visual and verbal working memory loads interfere with scene viewing · 2019 · Cronin, Deborah et al. · indexed
  228. Memory Loves Company: Related Object Pairs Benefit Visual Working Memory · 2025 · Kousa, Moussa et al. · indexed
  229. Cortical network dynamics during verbal working memory function · 2001 · Clark, C.R. et al. · indexed
  230. Expert or Novice? Visual Working Memory Reveals the Difference Under Load · 2024 · Jozranjbar, Bahareh et al. · indexed
  231. Pattern span: a tool for unwelding visuo–spatial memory · 1999 · Della Sala, Sergio et al. · indexed
  232. Verbal, visual, and spatial working memory demands during text composition · 2008 · OLIVE, THIERRY et al. · indexed
  233. Increased prefrontal and parietal activity after training of working memory · 2003 · Olesen, Pernille J et al. · indexed
  234. Interaction between a verbal working memory network and the medial temporal lobe · 2006 · Petersson, Karl Magnus et al. · indexed
  235. Random number generation and working memory · 2006 · Towse, John N. et al. · indexed
  236. Prospective task knowledge improves working memory-guided behaviour · 2019 · Printzlau, Frida et al. · indexed
  237. Dorsolateral prefrontal contributions to human working memory · 2013 · Barbey, Aron K. et al. · indexed
  238. Sources of Error Underlying Visual Working Memory Manipulation · 2018 · Pailian, Hrag et al. · indexed
  239. Right parietal contributions to verbal working memory: Spatial or executive? · 2005 · Ravizza, Susan M. et al. · indexed
  240. Converging evidence that stereotype threat reduces working memory capacity. · 2003 · Schmader, Toni et al. · indexed
  241. Grouping in visual working memory is determined by the task context · 2015 · Balaban, Halely et al. · indexed
  242. Distraction biases working memory for faces · 2019 · Mallett, Remington et al. · indexed
  243. Neural Correlates of Visual Working Memory · 2002 · Pessoa, Luiz et al. · indexed
  244. Neuropsychology of memory function: a guide for clinicians · 2014 · Cullen, Breda et al. · indexed
  245. Brain oscillatory correlates of working memory constraints · 2011 · Freunberger, Roman et al. · indexed
  246. Working Memory and Task Repetition in Second Language Oral Production · 2013 · AHMADIAN, Mohammad Javad · indexed
  247. The linguistic constraints of precision of verbal working memory · 2022 · Bouffier, Marion et al. · indexed
  248. Functional MRI studies of spatial and nonspatial working memory · 1998 · D'Esposito, M et al. · indexed
  249. Early blindness alters the spatial organization of verbal working memory · 2016 · Bottini, Roberto et al. · indexed
  250. Children's mental arithmetic and working memory · 2021 · Adams, John W. et al. · indexed
  251. The Construction and Validation of a New Listening Span Task · 2021 · Bazan, Bartolo · indexed
  252. The role of working memory in decoding emotions. · 2008 · Phillips, Louise H. et al. · indexed
  253. Emotional content of stimuli improves visuospatial working memory · 2015 · González-Garrido, Andrés Antonio et al. · indexed
  254. Does learning to read shape verbal working memory? · 2015 · Demoulin, Catherine et al. · indexed
  255. The Role of Location in Feature Binding in Working Memory · 2025 · Al Hadhrami, Suaad Said et al. · indexed
  256. Strategy guides feature recall of a single object in working memory task · 2020 · Sengupta, Rakesh et al. · indexed
  257. Similarity-Based Interference in a Working Memory Numerical Updating Task · 2012 · Pelegrina, Santiago et al. · indexed
  258. Investigating how illusory objects are represented in visual working memory · 2020 · Ping, Elliot E.C. et al. · indexed
  259. The Visual World in Memory · 2008 · Brockmole, James R. · indexed
  260. The influence of working memory load on semantic priming. · 2014 · Heyman, Tom et al. · indexed
  261. How holistic processing is affected by working memory load · 2010 · Gauthier, I. et al. · indexed
  262. Story retelling and verbal working memory in people with aphasia · 2019 · The Korean Association of Speech-Language Pathologists et al. · indexed
  263. Working Memory in Children With Learning Disabilities in Reading Versus Spelling · 2014 · Brandenburg, Janin et al. · indexed
  264. Cerebellar contributions to verbal working memory: beyond cognitive theory · 2007 · Ben-Yehudah, Gal et al. · indexed
  265. Probing Spatial Working Memory with the Corsi Blocks Task · 2001 · Fischer, Martin H. · indexed
  266. Memory load modulates the dynamics of visual working memory. · 2018 · Panichello, Matthew et al. · indexed
  267. Delayed recovery of working memory following day‐case surgery · 2007 · Stollery, Brian · indexed
  268. Auditory event-related potentials during a spatial working memory task · 2008 · Rader, S.K. et al. · indexed
  269. Encoding and performance in sentence verification under varying memory load · 1977 · Carr, Thomas H. et al. · indexed
  270. Taking working memory training from the laboratory into schools · 2013 · Holmes, Joni et al. · indexed
  271. The Pupillary Light Response Reflects Visual Working Memory Content · 2018 · Hustá, Cecília et al. · indexed
  272. The pupillary light response reflects visual working memory content. · 2019 · Hustá, Cecília et al. · indexed
  273. Verbal working memory and co-speech gesture processing · 2020 · Momsen, Jacob et al. · indexed
  274. Age differences in visuospatial working memory. · 2008 · Rowe, Gillian et al. · indexed
  275. The impact of verbal working memory on number–space associations. · 2014 · Ginsburg, Véronique et al. · indexed
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