Empirical Findings

physiological data

Primary empirical findings from physiological recordings of drivers: heart rate and heart-rate variability, EEG and event-related potentials, electrodermal activity, pupillometry, fNIRS, respiration, cortisol. New psychophysiological data linking bodily signals to driver state such as workload, fatigue, stress, or drowsiness. Reporting measured physiological outcomes, distinct from validating the sensor or index itself (validation_psychometrics).

4740 paper(s) · newest first · see also all information types

  1. Physiological-based Driver Monitoring Systems: A Scoping Review · 2022 · Abdul Razak, Siti Fatimah et al. · archived
  2. Multimodal Features for Detection of Driver Stress and Fatigue: Review · 2020 · Němcová, Andrea et al. · archived
  3. Driver fatigue: Electroencephalography and psychological assessment · 2002 · Lal, Saroj K.L. et al. · indexed
  4. Investigation of Train Driver Physiological Responses · 2018 · Crowley, Katie et al. · indexed
  5. A Comparative Study on Different Measures to Identify Driver States · 2019 · Kumar, S. Pradeep et al. · indexed
  6. Monitoring Driver Physiological Parameters for Improved Safety · 2006 · Partin, Dale L. et al. · indexed
  7. Driver Attention Assessment Using Physiological Measures from EEG, ECG, and EDA Signals · 2023 · Aminosharieh Najafi, Taraneh et al. · indexed
  8. Physiological Methods and Measurements in Driving Simulation · 2004 · Rizzo, Matthew · indexed
  9. Physiological Signal Monitoring System to Analyze Driver Attentiveness · 2021 · Dolezalek, Emily et al. · indexed
  10. Assessment of Driving Fatigue using HRV Analysis Method · 2003 · Park, Se Jin et al. · indexed
  11. Assessing Drivers’ Physiological Responses Using Consumer Grade Devices · 2019 · Gruden, Timotej et al. · indexed
  12. Heart Rate Variability: A New Index of Driver Alertness/Fatigue · 1972 · O'Hanlon, James F. · indexed
  13. Variations in Road Conditions on Driver Stress · 2013 · Miller, Erika E. et al. · indexed
  14. Respiration and Heart Rate Modulation Due to Competing Cognitive Tasks While Driving · 2019 · Hidalgo-Muñoz, Antonio R. et al. · indexed
  15. Towards Driver's State Recognition on Real Driving Conditions · 2011 · Rigas, George et al. · indexed
  16. Analysis Of The Relation Between Vehicle And Physiological Data · 2025 · Sándor, Ágoston Pál · indexed
  17. Controlled inducement and measurement of drowsiness in a driving simulator · 2010 · De Rosario, H. et al. · indexed
  18. A multimodal physiological dataset for driving behaviour analysis · 2024 · Tao, Xiaoming et al. · archived
  19. Real-Time ECG-Based Detection of Fatigue Driving Using Sample Entropy · 2018 · Wang, Fuwang et al. · indexed
  20. The circadian effect on psychophysiological driver state monitoring · 2020 · Kaduk, Sylwia I. et al. · indexed
  21. Smart Shirt Respiratory Monitoring to Detect Car Driver Drowsiness · 2021 · YUDA, Emi et al. · indexed
  22. Collection and Analysis of Physiological Measures in Driving Research · 2015 · Gable, Thomas M. et al. · indexed
  23. Detection and analysis: driver state with electrocardiogram (ECG) · 2020 · Murugan, Suganiya et al. · indexed
  24. EEG and HRV markers of sleepiness and loss of control during car driving · 2008 · Michail, Emmanouil et al. · indexed
  25. Analysis of Driver Workload on Different Types of Optical Tunnels · 2019 · Luo, Jie et al. · indexed
  26. A review of driver cognitive load detection using ECG signals · 2024 · Tjolleng, Amir et al. · indexed
  27. Driving simulator for performance monitoring with physiological sensors · 2018 · Raimundo, Diogo et al. · indexed
  28. Predicting driver fatigue using HRV measures and machine learning. · 2026 · Puspasari, MA et al. · archived
  29. Multimodal Recognition of Cognitive Workload for Multitasking in the Car · 2010 · Putze, Felix et al. · indexed
  30. Vehicle Integrated Non-Intrusive Monitoring of Driver Biological Signals · 2011 · Watson, Todd et al. · indexed
  31. Multimodal characterization of mental fatigue on professional drivers · 2023 · Giorgi, Andrea et al. · archived
  32. Survey and Synthesis of State of the Art in Driver Monitoring · 2021 · Halin, Anaïs et al. · archived
  33. Unravelling the Physiological Correlates of Mental Workload · 2022 · John, Alka Rachel et al. · archived
  34. Psychophysiological Measures of Driver State · 2019 · Wilschut, Ellen et al. · indexed
  35. Analysis of Driver Drowsiness Detection using EEG and EOG · 2018 · K Firke, Omprakash et al. · archived
  36. Physiological Measures of Risk Perception in Highly Automated Driving · 2022 · Perello-March, Jaume R. et al. · archived
  37. Early detection of falling asleep at the wheel: A Heart Rate Variability approach · 2008 · Furman, G. Dorfman et al. · indexed
  38. A critical review of the psychophysiology of driver fatigue · 2001 · Lal S et al. · indexed
  39. Assessing Drivers’ Vigilance State During Monotonous Driving · 2007 · Schmidt, Eike A et al. · archived
  40. Heart rate dynamics for cognitive load estimation in a driving simulation task · 2024 · Arutyunova, Karina Rollandovna et al. · archived
  41. In-Vehicle Stress Monitoring Based on EEG Signal · 2017 · Begum, Shahina et al. · archived
  42. Average heart rate for driver monitoring systems · 2016 · Biondi, F et al. · archived
  43. Driver Drowsiness Warning Based on Electrocardiosignals Analysis · 2021 · Mardanov, R. R. et al. · indexed
  44. SmartCar: detecting driver stress · 2002 · Healey, J. et al. · indexed
  45. Multimodal Phenotyping Dataset of Driving Fatigue · 2026 · Li, Jiayi et al. · indexed
  46. Literature Review on Driver’s Drowsiness and Fatigue Detection · 2020 · Laouz, Hamed et al. · indexed
  47. Multimodal driver state modeling through unsupervised learning · 2022 · Tavakoli, Arash et al. · indexed
  48. Prediction of Driver's Workload from Slow Fluctuations of Pupil Diameter · 2018 · Yokoyama, Hiroshi et al. · indexed
  49. Real-Time Driver's Stress Event Detection · 2011 · Rigas, George et al. · indexed
  50. Batch processing of 10000 h of truck driver EEG data · 1995 · Miller, James C. · indexed
  51. The impact of mind wandering on physiological measures in delegated driving · 2025 · Mazeres, Florence et al. · archived
  52. Changes in Respiration Pattern Preceding Drowsiness During Driving · 2020 · YUDA, Emi et al. · indexed
  53. Statistical sensor fusion of ECG data using automotive-grade sensors · 2015 · Koenig, A. et al. · indexed
  54. Qualitative Standard of Driver Workload · 2011 · Hu, Jiang-bi et al. · indexed
  55. Evaluation of driver drowsiness based on respiratory metrics · 2024 · Khanehshenas, Farin et al. · indexed
  56. Evaluating Pro- and Re-Active Driving Behavior by Means of the EEG · 2018 · Wascher, Edmund et al. · archived
  57. Physiological and Response Measurements in Driving Tasks · 1972 · Weir, David H. et al. · indexed
  58. Mental workload and driving · 2014 · Paxion, Julie et al. · archived
  59. HARMONY: A Human-Centered Multimodal Driving Study in the Wild · 2021 · Tavakoli, Arash et al. · archived
  60. Physiological Effects of Adaptive Cruise Control Behaviour in Real Driving · 2017 · Brouwer, Anne-Marie et al. · indexed
  61. Driver Drowsiness Detection with Commercial EEG Headsets · 2023 · Delrobaei, Mehdi et al. · archived
  62. Driver Drowsiness Detection with Commercial EEG Headsets · 2022 · Rezaee, Qazal et al. · archived
  63. EEG Features for Driver’s Mental Fatigue Detection: A Preliminary Work · 2023 · Kamaruzzaman, Muhammad ‘Afiq Ammar et al. · archived
  64. The Heart Rate Variability Correlates of Spontaneous Drowsiness Onset · 1973 · Volow, M. R. et al. · indexed
  65. Multimodal Psychophysiological Signatures of Mental Workload · 2026 · Schindler, Hanna et al. · indexed
  66. Sleepiness on the job: continuously measured EEG changes in train drivers · 1987 · Torsvall, Lars et al. · indexed
  67. Review of Eye-related Measures of Drivers’ Mental Workload · 2015 · Marquart, Gerhard et al. · indexed
  68. Unobtrusive in-car measurement of physiological signals on the road · 2024 · Teichmann, Daniel et al. · indexed
  69. Cardiac indices of driver fatigue across in-lab and on-road studies · 2024 · Musicant, Oren et al. · indexed
  70. Can cECG be an unobtrusive surrogate to determine cognitive state of driver? · 2018 · Balasubramanian, Venkatesh et al. · indexed
  71. Multi-sensor driver monitoring for drowsiness prediction · 2023 · Schwarz, Chris et al. · indexed
  72. Classifying driver workload using physiological and driving performance data · 2014 · Solovey, Erin T. et al. · indexed
  73. Effect Of Driving Duration On Eeg Fluctuations · 2017 · Puspasari, Maya Arlini et al. · archived
  74. Investigation of electrophysiological features during mental workload paradigm · 2016 · Duru, Dilek Göksel et al. · indexed
  75. Assessment of mental workload based on multi-physiological signals · 2020 · Fan, Xiaoli et al. · archived
  76. Drivers' fatigue studies · 1997 · Milošević, Špiro · indexed
  77. Heart Rate and Pupil Dilation As Reliable Measures of Neuro-Cognitive Load Classification · 2022 · Abdurrahman, Usman Alhaji et al. · indexed
  78. EEG based analysis of cognitive fatigue during simulated driving · 2011 · Balasubramanian, Venkatesh et al. · indexed
  79. Correlation of Heavy-Truck Driver Fatigue with Vehicle-Based Control Measures · 1995 · Siegmund, Gunter P. et al. · indexed
  80. The use of psychophysiology to assess driver status · 1993 · Brookhuis, Karel et al. · indexed
  81. Exploratory ECG analysis of driving events using wavelet band metrics · 2017 · Wachowiak-Smolikova, Renata et al. · indexed
  82. Effects of partially automated driving on the development of driver sleepiness · 2021 · Ahlström, Christer et al. · archived
  83. Wireless and Wearable EEG System for Evaluating Driver Vigilance · 2014 · Lin, Chin‐Teng et al. · indexed
  84. Estimation of driver mental states using autonomic indices · 2016 · Kuriyagawa, Yukiyo et al. · indexed
  85. Driver Fatigue: An Experimental Investigation · 2020 · Richardson, John et al. · indexed
  86. Predicting the EEG Level of a Driver Based on Driving Information · 2019 · Kim, Hyun Suk et al. · indexed
  87. Physiological markers of vigilance variation in a supervisory task · 2022 · Maille, Nicolas et al. · archived
  88. The acute physiological stress response to driving: A systematic review · 2017 · Antoun, Michael et al. · indexed
  89. Multimodal Car Driver Stress Recognition · 2019 · Bianco, Simone et al. · indexed
  90. Driver drowsiness detection methods using EEG signals: a systematic review · 2022 · Hussein, Raed Mohammed et al. · indexed
  91. Investigating established EEG parameter during real-world driving · 2018 · Protzak, Janna et al. · archived
  92. Detection of Cognitive Load Modulation by EDA and HRV · 2025 · Boffet, Alexis et al. · archived
  93. Monitoring Driver Drowsiness and Stress in a Driving Simulator · 2001 · Rimini-Doering, Maria et al. · indexed
  94. Evaluation of driver fatigue with EEG signal · 2013 · Li, Wei et al. · indexed
  95. Physiological Parameter Response to Variation of Mental Workload · 2017 · Marinescu, Adrian Cornelius et al. · indexed
  96. Driver Workload in an Autonomous Vehicle · 2019 · Murphey, Yi et al. · indexed
  97. Correlation of Steering Behavior with Heavy-Truck Driver Fatigue · 1996 · Siegmund, Gunter P. et al. · indexed
  98. Estimating Driving Performance Based on EEG Spectrum Analysis · 2005 · Lin, Chin-Teng et al. · archived
  99. EEG-signals based cognitive workload detection of vehicle driver using deep learning · 2018 · Almogbel, Mohammad A. et al. · indexed
  100. Indicators of Sleepiness in an ambulatory EEG study of night driving · 2006 · Papadelis, Christos et al. · indexed
  101. Reduction in Arousal Level of a Driver · 1992 · Kamiya, Koichi et al. · indexed
  102. Applying HRV Based Online Clustering Method to Identify Driver Drowsiness · 2021 · Babaeian, Mohsen et al. · indexed
  103. Multimodal Driver State Modeling through Unsupervised Learning · 2021 · Tavakoli, Arash et al. · archived
  104. Improving pilot mental workload evaluation with combined measures · 2014 · Wanyan, Xiaoru et al. · indexed
  105. Driver impairment monitoring by physiological measures · 2019 · Brookhuis, Karel · indexed
  106. Review on Driver Fatigue Detection Technology · 2007 · Shi, Xiu-jian et al. · indexed
  107. Drivers’ Attention Assessment by Blink Rate Measurement from EEG Signals · 2022 · Affanni, Antonio et al. · indexed
  108. Driver's arousal and workload under partial vehicle automation · 2020 · Strayer, DL et al. · archived
  109. Driver's arousal and workload under partial vehicle automation · 2020 · Cooper, JM et al. · archived
  110. Driving performance impairments due to hypovigilance on monotonous roads · 2011 · Larue, Grégoire S. et al. · archived
  111. Physiological Indices to Predict Driver Situation Awareness in VR · 2023 · Kim, Gwangbin et al. · indexed
  112. A multimodal dataset for various forms of distracted driving · 2017 · Taamneh, Salah et al. · indexed
  113. A data set of real world driving to assess driver workload · 2013 · Schneegass, Stefan et al. · indexed
  114. Driver stress level detection using HRV analysis · 2015 · Munla, Nermine et al. · indexed
  115. Predicting driver distraction using a single channel ear EEG · 2026 · Popov, Tzvetan et al. · archived
  116. Evaluation of a video-based measure of driver heart rate · 2015 · Kuo, Jonny et al. · indexed
  117. Diagnostic tools for identifying sleepy drivers in the field. · 2013 · Rizzo, Matthew et al. · archived
  118. An Experimental Study Using EEG to Detect Driver Drowsiness · 2008 · Leng, Hongjie et al. · indexed
  119. Wristband-Type Driver Vigilance Monitoring System Using Smartwatch · 2015 · Lee, Boon-Giin et al. · indexed
  120. Pupillometry in Driver Workload Assessment: Opportunities and Challenges · 2025 · Bosurgi, Gaetano et al. · indexed
  121. Detection of Driver Fatigue Caused by Sleep Deprivation · 2009 · Yang, Ji Hyun et al. · archived
  122. Mind over motor mapping: Driver response to changing vehicle dynamics · 2018 · Bruno, Jennifer L. et al. · indexed
  123. Mental workload of young drivers during curve negotiation · 2014 · Li, Cheng-Xi et al. · indexed
  124. Physiological responses to simulated and on-road driving · 2011 · Johnson, Michel J. et al. · indexed
  125. Psychophysiological Metrics for Workload are Demand-Sensitive but Multifactorial · 2014 · Reinerman-Jones, Lauren E. et al. · indexed
  126. Fatigue in Simulated Car Driving · 1972 · DUREMAN, By E. I. et al. · indexed
  127. Advanced Driver Fatigue Research · 2008 · NHTSA · archived
  128. Stress State of Driver: Mobile Phone Use While Driving · 2013 · Chen, Ying · indexed
  129. Analysis of the driver's stress level while driving in Truck Platooning · 2025 · Gandini, Paolo et al. · indexed
  130. Physiological Driver Monitoring Using Capacitively Coupled and Radar Sensors · 2019 · Castro, Ivan D. et al. · indexed
  131. Intelligent Physiological Monitoring and Feedback System for Driver Safety · 2011 · Lin, Yuan-Hsiang et al. · indexed
  132. Wearable Sensors for Evaluating Driver Drowsiness and High Stress · 2019 · Becerra-Sánchez, Enriqueta Patricia et al. · indexed
  133. Driver Drowsiness Detection Using ECG Signals and Machine Learning Models · 2022 · Mansour Alnasheet, Meshal · indexed
  134. Stress and Simulated Environments: Insights From Physiological Marker · 2021 · Liebherr, Magnus et al. · archived
  135. The Effects of Driving Environment on the Mental Workload of Train Drivers · 2013 · Abd Rahman, Nurul Izzah et al. · archived
  136. Drowsiness monitoring based on driver and driving data fusion · 2011 · Daza, Iván García et al. · archived
  137. Fatigue driving monitoring system based on the EEG · 2020 · Zhu, Yuxuan et al. · archived
  138. Brain Electrodynamic and Hemodynamic Signatures Against Fatigue During Driving · 2018 · Chuang, Chun-Hsiang et al. · indexed
  139. The impact of driver sleepiness on fixation‐related brain potentials · 2019 · Ahlström, Christer et al. · archived
  140. Evaluation of driver fatigue on two channels of EEG data · 2012 · Li, Wei et al. · indexed
  141. Evaluating mental workload during multitasking in simulated flight · 2022 · Li, Wenbin et al. · indexed
  142. Evaluating the Effect of Fatigue on Driver’s Performance · 2024 · Jirgl, Miroslav et al. · archived
  143. Driver state examination—Treading new paths · 2016 · Wascher, Edmund et al. · indexed
  144. Analyzing Driver Drowsiness: From Causes to Effects · 2020 · Soares, Sónia et al. · archived
  145. Validity of Mental Workload Measures in a Driving Simulation Environment · 2018 · Galante, Francesco et al. · archived
  146. Modelling and Detection of Driver's Fatigue using Ontology · 2022 · Lambert, Alexandre et al. · archived
  147. Using Pre-stimulus EEG to Predict Driver Reaction Time To Road Events · 2022 · Rahman, Shams Ur et al. · archived
  148. Advanced Driver Fatigue Research · 2007 · Eskandarian, Azim et al. · archived
  149. Feature Selection Model based on EEG signals to Assess the Cognitive Workload in Drivers · 2020 · Becerra-Sánchez, E. Patricia et al. · indexed
  150. Driving in States of Fatigue or Stress · 2011 · Matthews, Gerald et al. · indexed
  151. EWMA based classification of driver state · 2011 · Naumov, Valeriy · indexed
  152. EEG-based fatigue driving detection using correlation dimension · 2014 · Wang, Jing et al. · archived
  153. Driver Drowsiness Detection Using Deep Learning · 2023 · Ojha, Dhiren et al. · indexed
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  157. Driver Drowsiness Detection Using Real-Time Heart Rate Variability Data · 2025 · Rabbi, Riadul Islam et al. · indexed
  158. Driver State Analysis for ADAS using EEG Signals · 2019 · Kulkarni, Aishwarya M. et al. · indexed
  159. Driver Vigilance Detection Based on Limited EEG Signals · 2023 · Li, Guofa et al. · indexed
  160. Effect of Mental Workload Related Stress on Physiological Signals · 2021 · Riaz, Roha et al. · indexed
  161. Using driver's head movements evolution as a drowsiness indicator · 2004 · Popieul, Jean‐Christophe et al. · indexed
  162. Automatic Driver Fatigue Detection using EEG Microstate Features · 2024 · Yaddasht, Zahra et al. · indexed
  163. Automation Detection of Driver Fatigue Using Visual Behavior Variables · 2018 · Yonggang, Wang et al. · archived
  164. Driver Drowsiness Detection Algorithms Using Electrocardiogram Data Analysis · 2019 · Babaeian, Mohsen et al. · indexed
  165. Driver Distraction through Conversation Measured with Pupillometry · 2013 · Dlugosch, Carsten et al. · indexed
  166. Dataset of physiological signals in the use of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) · 2026 · de Castro, Gabriel Martins et al. · indexed
  167. Cognitive Aspect of Emotion Estimation of a Driver · 2024 · Luo, Jinshan et al. · archived
  168. EEG-Based Multiple Entropy Analysis for Assessing Driver Fatigue · 2019 · Hu, Jianfeng et al. · indexed
  169. The EEG changes during night-time driver fatigue · 2009 · Xiaoli, Xie et al. · indexed
  170. Evaluation of Electrodermal Activity during Distracted Driving · 2022 · Gomero, Luis et al. · indexed
  171. Recording of Psychophysiological Data During Aerobatic Training · 2011 · Dahlström, Nicklas et al. · indexed
  172. Detecting drowsy driver using photoplethysmography sensor · 2020 · Lotfy, Nur Eleena Binti Mohamed et al. · indexed
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  174. The Psychometrics of Mental Workload · 2014 · Matthews, Gerald et al. · indexed
  175. Editorial: Cognitive Mechanisms for Safe Road Traffic Systems · 2022 · Vecchiato, Giovanni et al. · archived
  176. Drowsy driver detection by EEG analysis using Fast Fourier Transform · 2015 · Ben Dkhil, Mejdi et al. · archived
  177. Robust Prediction of Lane Departure Based on Driver Physiological Signals · 2016 · Kochhar, Dev S. et al. · indexed
  178. Reliability of EEG Measures in Driving Fatigue · 2022 · Harvy, Jonathan et al. · indexed
  179. Fatigue driving detection system based on EEG Signal · 2021 · Jingwei, Feng · indexed
  180. Driver drowsiness detection using EEG power spectrum analysis · 2014 · Awais, Muhammad et al. · indexed
  181. Multimodal System to Detect Driver Fatigue Using EEG, Gyroscope, and Image Processing · 2020 · Karuppusamy, Naveen Senniappan et al. · archived
  182. Estimation of drivers' emotional states based on neuroergonmic equipment · 2015 · FakhrHosseini, Maryam et al. · indexed
  183. Driver State and Behavior Detection Through Smart Wearables · 2021 · Tavakoli, Arash et al. · archived
  184. Validating Photoplethysmography (PPG) data for driver drowsiness detection · 2021 · Amidei, Andrea et al. · indexed
  185. Driving Conditions Recognition Using Heart Rate Variability Indexes · 2010 · Wang, Jeen-Shin et al. · indexed
  186. Drowsiness Detection and Alarming System · 2025 · Girijannavar, Laxmi R et al. · archived
  187. Measuring driving simulator adaptation using EDA · 2022 · Pungu Mwange, Marie-Anne et al. · archived
  188. Physiological correlates of discomfort in automated driving · 2019 · Beggiato, Matthias et al. · indexed
  189. Driver Adaptive Task Allocation: A Field Driving Study · 2017 · Lei, S. et al. · archived
  190. Driver Drowsiness Detection Based on Respiratory Signal Analysis · 2019 · Guede-Fernandez, Federico et al. · indexed
  191. Physiological Correlates of Objective Situation Awareness Measurements · 2023 · Smith, Kieran et al. · indexed
  192. Auditive beta stimulation as a countermeasure against driver fatigue · 2021 · Moessinger, Michèle et al. · archived
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  196. Driver Distraction From the EEG Perspective: A Review · 2024 · Li, Guofa et al. · indexed
  197. Driver Drowsiness Detection with Commercial EEG Headsets · 2023 · Rezaee, Qazal et al. · indexed
  198. On Driver's Workload in Dangerous Scenes Based on EEG Data · 2020 · Tan, Jiyuan et al. · indexed
  199. Comparing Eye-Tracking Metrics with the Driver Activity Load Index · 2026 · Bend, Julia et al. · indexed
  200. Drowsiness measures for commercial motor vehicle operations · 2019 · Sparrow, Amy R. et al. · indexed
  201. Driver drowsiness detection using the in-ear EEG · 2016 · Hwang, Taeho et al. · indexed
  202. An analysis of driver's workload in the lane change behavior · 2013 · Kim, HyunSuk et al. · indexed
  203. Multiple entropy fusion predicts driver fatigue using forehead EEG · 2025 · Yang, Renyu et al. · indexed
  204. Development of Heart Rate Monitoring System to Estimate Driver’s Mental Workload Level · 2020 · Makhtar, Ahmad Khushairy et al. · indexed
  205. Spatial and temporal EEG dynamics of dual-task driving performance · 2011 · Lin, Chin-Teng et al. · archived
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  208. Driver’s mental workload prediction model based on physiological indices · 2017 · Yan, Shengyuan et al. · indexed
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  210. A Multi-Model Analysis for Driving Fatigue Detection using EEG Signals · 2022 · Jantan, Sadiah et al. · indexed
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  212. Driver Vigilance State Estimation Based on Multisource Data · 2023 · Guo, Zizheng et al. · indexed
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  221. Driver Cognitive Architecture Based on EEG Signals: A Review · 2024 · Mi, Peiwen et al. · indexed
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  226. Mobile-based wearable-type of driver fatigue detection by GSR and EMG · 2015 · Boon-Leng, Lee et al. · indexed
  227. Eliciting Driver Stress Using Naturalistic Driving Scenarios on Real Roads · 2018 · Baltodano, Sonia et al. · indexed
  228. Drowsiness Detection System Based on PERCLOS and Facial Physiological Signal · 2022 · Chang, Robert Chen-Hao et al. · indexed
  229. Driving Fatigue Detection Based on EEG Signal · 2015 · Wang, Yuan et al. · indexed
  230. Applications of brain imaging methods in driving behaviour research · 2021 · Haghani, Milad et al. · archived
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  232. Measuring Mental Workload with EEG+fNIRS · 2017 · Aghajani, Haleh et al. · archived
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  236. Individualized stress detection using an unmodified car steering wheel · 2021 · Balters, Stephanie et al. · archived
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  238. Detecting driving fatigue with multimodal deep learning · 2017 · Du, Li-Huan et al. · indexed
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  240. Validation of a one-item acute stress scale for driving tasks · 2024 · Dahlman, Anna Sjörs et al. · archived
  241. Research on the Prediction of Driver Fatigue State Based on EEG Signals · 2025 · Wang, Zhanyang et al. · indexed
  242. Development of Drowsy Driving Detection System Using EEG · 2026 · Seo, Ssang-Hee · archived
  243. HEART RATE VARIABILITY BASED DRIVER DROWSINESS DETECTION · 2024 · Maktouf, Naba Ali et al. · indexed
  244. A Multimodal Approach for Monitoring Driving Behavior and Emotions · 2020 · Tavakoli, Arash et al. · indexed
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  249. Predicting Reduced Driver Alertness on Monotonous Highways · 2015 · Larue, Gregoire S. et al. · archived
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  251. Efficient driver drowsiness detection at moderate levels of drowsiness · 2013 · Forsman, Pia M. et al. · indexed
  252. Classifying Driving Fatigue by Using EEG Signals · 2022 · Zeng, Changqing et al. · indexed
  253. An EEG-Based Fatigue Detection and Mitigation System · 2016 · Huang, Kuan-Chih et al. · archived
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