DrivingResearch.

drowsy as impairment

Drowsy driving framed as impairment: studies equating sleepiness with alcohol or drug impairment for policy, enforcement, or forensic purposes — 'fatigue impairs like X percent BAC', drowsy-driving law and liability. The impairment-equivalence framing, not the physiological drowsy state (drowsiness).

235 paper(s) · ranked by relevance to this topic

  1. Quantifying the performance impairment associated with fatigue ↗ · 1999 · Lamond, Nicole et al. · indexed
  2. Driving while alcohol impaired : a preliminary exploration of the issues and possible approaches. · 1989 · Brady, Patricia · archived
  3. Driving impairment due to sleepiness is exacerbated by low alcohol intake ↗ · 2003 · Horne, James A. et al. · indexed
  4. Asleep at the Wheel–the Road to Addressing Drowsy Driving · 2017 · Higgins, J. Stephen et al. · archived
  5. Improving Understanding of Alcohol Impairment and BAC Levels, and Their Relationship to Highway Accidents · 1989 · NHTSA · archived
  6. Drug Impaired Driving : Understanding the Problem and Ways to Reduce It (a Report to Congress) · 2009 · Compton, R. et al. · archived
  7. Moderate sleep deprivation produces impairments in cognitive and motor performance equivalent to legally prescribed levels of alcohol intoxication ↗ · 2000 · Williamson, Ann et al. · indexed
  8. Alcohol Limits for Drivers: A Report on the Effects of Alcohol and Expected Institutional Responses to New Limits: Report to Congress · 1991 · NHTSA · archived
  9. Driving under the Influence: A Report to Congress on Alcohol Limits · 1992 · Snyder, Monroe B. · archived
  10. Review of Technology to Prevent Alcohol-and-Drug Impaired Crashes: Update · 2024 · Pollard, John K. et al. · archived
  11. Consideration of a per se law for driving under the influence. · 1980 · Mapp, Richard C · archived
  12. Alcohol, Drugs, and Driving · 1974 · Perrine, M. W. · archived
  13. Countermeasures to Reduce Drowsy Driving: Results of a Literature Review and Discussions with Experts · 2022 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  14. Drugged driving in Louisiana: quantification of its impact on public health and implications for legislation, enforcement, and prosecution : final report. · 2017 · Schneider, Helmut et al. · archived
  15. Drug Research Methodology. Volume 1, the Alcohol-Highway Safety Experience and Its Applicability to Other Drugs · 1980 · Donelson, Alan C. et al. · archived
  16. Drowsy Driving in Fatal Crashes, United States, 2017–2021 · 2024 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  17. The Effects of Fatigue and Alcohol on Highway Safety · 1981 · Ryder, Joan M. et al. · archived
  18. Drugged Driving in Louisiana: Quantification of Its Impact on Public Health and Implications for Legislation, Enforcement and Prosecution · 2015 · Schneider, Helmut et al. · archived
  19. Drugged Driving Expert Panel Report: A Consensus Protocol for Assessing the Potential of Drugs to Impair Driving · 2011 · Logan, Barry K. et al. · archived
  20. Simulated driving performance following prolonged wakefulness and alcohol consumption: separate and combined contributions to impairment ↗ · 2000 · Arnedt, J. Todd et al. · indexed
  21. State of Knowledge of Drug-Impaired Driving · 2003 · Jones, R. K. (Ralph K.) et al. · archived
  22. Impairment of Driving Performance Caused by Sleep Deprivation or Alcohol: A Comparative Study ↗ · 1999 · Fairclough, Stephen et al. · indexed
  23. The Interactive Effects of Extended Wakefulness and Low-dose Alcohol on Simulated Driving and Vigilance · 2007 · Howard, Mark E. et al. · archived
  24. Alcohol and Highway Safety 2006: A Review of the State of Knowledge · 2011 · Voas, Robert B. et al. · archived
  25. Fatigued driving : prevalence, risk factors and groups, and the law ↗ · 2009 · Radun, Igor · indexed
  26. Countermeasures That Work – Drug-Impaired Driving [Traffic Tech] · 2021 · Smither, Dereece D. · archived
  27. Countermeasures That Work – Drowsy Driving [Traffic Tech] · 2021 · NHTSA · archived
  28. Advancing Drugged Driving Data at the State Level: State-by-State Assessment · 2018 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  29. Combating the drug-impaired driver : a prescription for safer highways. · 1985 · Paltell, Eric et al. · archived
  30. Alcohol and Highway Safety 1989: A Review of the State of Knowledge · 1990 · NHTSA · archived
  31. Countermeasures Against Prescription and Over-the-Counter Drug-Impaired Driving · 2018 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  32. Sleepiness and Ethanol Effects on Simulated Driving ↗ · 1994 · Roehrs, Timothy et al. · indexed
  33. Drunk Driving Laws and Enforcement: An Assessment of Effectiveness · 1986 · NHTSA · archived
  34. Effects of Alcohol and Other Drugs on Driver Performance ↗ · 2004 · Ogden, Edward et al. · indexed
  35. Alcohol and Highway Safety 1984: A Review of the State of the Knowledge · 1984 · NHTSA · archived
  36. Drugs and Highway Safety 1980 · 1980 · Joscelyn, Kent B. et al. · archived
  37. In-Vehicle Drowsy Driving Detection and Alerting [Traffic Tech] · 2023 · Blenner, Jordan A · archived
  38. Marijuana, Other Drugs and Their Relation to Highway Safety: A Report to Congress [1979] · 1979 · NHTSA · archived
  39. The Effects of Fatigue and Alcohol on Highway Safety · 1981 · Ryder, Joan M. et al. · archived
  40. Deterrence of the Drinking Driver: An International Survey · 1981 · Ross, H. Laurence (Hugh Laurence) · archived
  41. Driving under the influence of alcohol : determining an optimum sanction. · 1971 · Ames, W. A et al. · archived
  42. Driver Characteristics and Impairment at Various BACs · 2000 · Moskowitz, Herbert, 1925- et al. · archived
  43. Review of the Literature Evaluating the Effect of Countermeasures to Reduce Alcohol Impaired Driving (1980–1989). Volume 1, Synthesis · 1991 · Jones, R. K. (Ralph K.) et al. · archived
  44. Marijuana, Other Drugs and Their Relation to Highway Safety: A Report to Congress [1980] · 1980 · NHTSA · archived
  45. An introductory handbook for state task forces to combat drunk driving. · 1983 · Lynn, Cheryl et al. · archived
  46. Alcohol and Highway Safety 1978: A Review of the State of Knowledge: Summary Volume [GPO-1980-0-308-241] · 1978 · NHTSA · archived
  47. Alcohol and Highway Safety 1978: A Review of the State of Knowledge [Final Report] · 1978 · Jones, R. K. (Ralph K.) et al. · archived
  48. Driver Fatigue and Safety: A Transactional Perspective ↗ · 2017 · Neubauer, Catherine et al. · indexed
  49. The impact of alcohol consumption on commercial eye blink drowsiness detection technology ↗ · 2023 · Cori, Jennifer M. et al. · indexed
  50. A State-by-State Analysis of Laws Dealing with Driving under the Influence of Drugs · 2009 · Walsh, J. Michael · archived
  51. Drug Per Se Laws: A Review of their Use in States · 2010 · Lacey, John et al. · archived
  52. Alcohol and Highway Safety 2001: A Review of the State of Knowledge · 2001 · Jones, R. K. (Ralph K.) et al. · archived
  53. Review of Technology to Prevent Alcohol-Impaired Crashes (TOPIC) · 2007 · Pollard, John K. et al. · archived
  54. Priorities and Strategies for Improving the Investigation, Use of Toxicology Results, and Prosecution of Drug-Impaired Driving Cases: Findings and Recommendations · 2007 · NHTSA · archived
  55. Crashes & Fatalities Related To Driver Drowsiness/Fatigue · 1994 · NHTSA · archived
  56. Removing the "high" from the highways : the impact of Virginia's efforts to combat drug-related DUI. · 1992 · Jernigan, Jack D · archived
  57. Driving simulator experiments to study drowsiness: A systematic review ↗ · 2020 · Soares, Sónia et al. · indexed
  58. The Prevalence and Impact of Drowsy Driving · 2010 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  59. Changes in Alcohol-Involved Fatal Crashes Associated with Tougher State Alcohol Legislation · 1989 · Klein, Terry M. · archived
  60. Report of an International Symposium on Drugs and Driving · 1975 · Joscelyn, Kent B. et al. · archived
  61. Using alcohol intoxication goggles (Fatal Vision® goggles) to detect alcohol related impairment in simulated driving ↗ · 2017 · McCartney, Danielle et al. · indexed
  62. Why Do People Have Drowsy Driving Crashes? Input From Drivers Who Just Did · 1999 · Vaughn, Bradley V. et al. · archived
  63. The Relationship of Alcohol Safety Laws to Drinking Drivers in Fatal Crashes · 1999 · Voas, Robert B. et al. · archived
  64. Effects of Different Blood Alcohol Concentrations and Post-Alcohol Impairment on Driving Behavior and Task Performance ↗ · 2010 · Liu, Yung‐Ching et al. · indexed
  65. Advancing Drugged Driving Data at the State Level: Synthesis of Barriers and Expert Panel Recommendations · 2016 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  66. Interactions between sleepiness and moderate alcohol intake in drivers ↗ · 2006 · Horne, James A. et al. · indexed
  67. Arrests and convictions for drunken driving in Virginia before and after adoption of a per se offense. · 1988 · Stoke, Charles B et al. · archived
  68. Using vehicle-based sensors of driver behavior to detect alcohol impairment. · 2011 · Lee, John et al. · archived
  69. Status report on Virginia's program to combat drug-impaired driving. · 1989 · Jernigan, Jack D · archived
  70. Anti-Drunk Driving Program Initiatives: A Prospect Assessment of Future Program Needs · 1990 · Bragdon, David et al. · archived
  71. Marijuana-Impaired Driving - A Report to Congress · 2017 · Compton, Richard P. · archived
  72. The Effects Following the Implementation of an 0.08 BAC Limit and an Administrative per Se Law in California · 1991 · NHTSA · archived
  73. Statistical analysis of alcohol-related driving trends, 1982-2005 · 2008 · Dang, Jennifer N. · archived
  74. Low Levels of Alcohol Impair Driving Simulator Performance and Reduce Perception of Crash Risk in Partially Sleep Deprived Subjects ↗ · 2004 · Banks, Siobhan et al. · indexed
  75. Prevalence of Motor Vehicle Crashes Involving Drowsy Drivers, United States, 2009-2013 · 2014 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  76. CDOT Cognitive Roadside Device Evaluation Study · 2023 · Lyon, Craig et al. · archived
  77. Prevalence of Drowsy Driving Crashes: Estimates from a Large-Scale Naturalistic Driving Study · 2018 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  78. The Effects of 0.08 BAC Laws · 1999 · Apsler, Robert et al. · archived
  79. 2012 Traffic Safety Culture Index: Motorists Admit to Driving Drowsy · 2012 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  80. Effects Of Moderate Sleep Deprivation and Low-Dose Alcohol On Driving Simulator Performance and Perception In Young Men ↗ · 2007 · Vakulin, Andrew et al. · indexed
  81. Alcohol and Highway Safety: A Bibliography · 1976 · Flynn, Lois · archived
  82. Evaluation of Seven Publicized Enforcement Demonstration Programs to Reduce Impaired Driving: Georgia, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Indiana, and Michigan · 2008 · Fell, James C. et al. · archived
  83. Legislative recommendations of the Virginia Highway Safety Commission to the 1972 Virginia General Assembly. · 1971 · Micas, Steven L · archived
  84. Proceedings of the 1979 NCA Alcohol and Traffic Safety Session · 1979 · NHTSA · archived
  85. An Assessment of Behavioral Tests to Detect Impaired Drivers · 1981 · Snapper, K. J. (Kurt J.) et al. · archived
  86. Drug Per Se Laws: A Review of Their Use in the States [Traffic Tech] · 2010 · NHTSA · archived
  87. Evaluation of the Impact of the Drug Evaluation and Classification Program on Enforcement and Adjudication · 1992 · Preusser, David F. et al. · archived
  88. Countermeasures That Work – Alcohol-Impaired Driving [Traffic Tech] · 2021 · Jeleniewski, S et al. · archived
  89. Effectiveness of the Illinois .08 Law · 2000 · Voas, Robert B. et al. · archived
  90. A Review of the Literature on the Effects of Low Doses of Alcohol on Driving-Related Skills · 2000 · Moskowitz, Herbert, 1925- et al. · archived
  91. Revised estimates of the U.S. drowsy driver crash problem size based on general estimates system case reviews ↗ · 1995 · Knipling, R R et al. · indexed
  92. Results of the 2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers [Traffic Safety Facts] · 2009 · Compton, Richard et al. · archived
  93. Highway safety : effectiveness of state .08 blood alcohol laws · 1999 · NHTSA · archived
  94. Next-Day Effects of Social Drinking on Driver Fatigue and Driving Performance · 2026 · Ahlström, Christer et al. · archived
  95. Impaired-Driving Leadership Model – Findings Based on Three State Case Studies [Traffic Tech] · 2018 · NHTSA · archived
  96. Drugs, driving and the law : a report to the governor and General Assembly of Virginia. · 1973 · Lorman, Alvin J · archived
  97. The NHTSA & NCSDR Program to Combat Drowsy Driving: A Report to Congress on the Collaboration between National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research (NCSDR) · 1999 · NHTSA · archived
  98. A Preliminary Assessment of the Impact of Lowering the Illegal per se Limit to 0.08 in Five States · 1994 · Johnson, Delmas Maxwell et al. · archived
  99. Changing Behaviors to Prevent Drowsy Driving and Promote Traffic Safety: Review of Proven, Promising, and Unproven Techniques · 1998 · Nguyen, Lan T. et al. · archived
  100. Effects of alcohol intoxication on driving performance, confidence in driving ability, and psychomotor function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study · 2022 · Garrisson, Harriet et al. · archived
  101. Evaluation of New Mexico's Anti-DWI Efforts · 2000 · Lacey, John H. et al. · archived
  102. Impaired-Driving Leadership Model – Findings Based on Three State Case Studies [Final Report] · 2018 · Coleman, Heidi et al. · archived
  103. On DWI Laws in Other Countries · 2000 · Stewart, Kathryn · archived
  104. Alcohol Experiments on Driving-Related Behavior: A Review of the 1972–1973 Literature–Alcohol Countermeasures Literature Review · 1974 · Perrine, M. W. · archived
  105. Driving impairment and altered ocular activity under the effects of alprazolam and alcohol: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study ↗ · 2023 · Aitken, Blair · indexed
  106. Compendium of Traffic Safety Research Projects: 1985-1995 and Beyond · 1996 · NHTSA · archived
  107. The 2006 National Labor Day Impaired Driving Enforcement Crackdown: Drunk Driving. Over the Limit. Under Arrest · 2008 · Solomon, M. G. (Mark Geoffrey) et al. · archived
  108. Quantifying Drowsy Driving [Traffic Safety Facts Research Note] · 2020 · NHTSA · archived
  109. Effects of Low Doses of Alcohol on Driving-Related Skills: A Review of the Evidence · 1988 · Moskowitz, Herbert, 1925- et al. · archived
  110. A Guide for Statewide Impaired-Driving Task Forces · 2009 · Fell, James C. et al. · archived
  111. The Perception of DWI Laws: A Study of the General Awareness and the Attitudes of Public and Official Groups towards the Drinking Driving Laws · 1971 · Borkenstein, R. F. et al. · archived
  112. Psychophysical Tests for DWI Arrest · 1977 · Burns, Marcelline et al. · archived
  113. The criminalization of impaired driving in Canada: assessing the deterrent impact of Canada's first per se law. ↗ · 2004 · Asbridge, Mark et al. · indexed
  114. RESEARCH ON VEHICLE-BASED DRIVER STATUS/PERFORMANCE MONITORING; DEVELOPMENT, VALIDATION, AND REFINEMENT OF ALGORITHMS FOR DETECTION OF DRIVER DROWSINESS. FINAL REPORT ↗ · 1994 · Wierwille, Walter W. et al. · indexed
  115. Awareness of sleepiness when driving ↗ · 2003 · Horne, James A. et al. · indexed
  116. An Evaluation of Washington State’s 1979 Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) Laws · 1984 · Klingberg, Carl L. et al. · archived
  117. Alcohol Impairment of Performance on Steering and Discrete Tasks in a Driving Simulator · 1974 · Jex, Henry R. et al. · archived
  118. Leading Indicators of Drowsiness in Simulated Driving ↗ · 2005 · Kozak, Ksenia et al. · indexed
  119. Overview of Major Issues Regarding the Impacts of Alcohol and Marijuana on Driving · 2016 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  120. Report on a National Study of Preliminary Breath Test (PBT) and Illegal per Se Laws: Effectiveness of PBT & IPS Laws · 1981 · Macdonald, Donald et al. · archived
  121. Investigating the Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Manual and Automated Driving: A Systematic Review · 2024 · Dong, Miaomiao et al. · archived
  122. The Detection of DWI at BACs below 0.10 · 1997 · Stuster, Jack, 1947- · archived
  123. An analysis of current Virginia statutes relating to driving under the influence of drugs. · 1972 · Ames, W. Allen · archived
  124. Evaluation of Utah’s .05 BAC Per Se Law · 2022 · Thomas, F. Dennis et al. · archived
  125. Drug-Impaired Driving Data Collection: Report to Congress · 2024 · Atkins, Randolph G. et al. · archived
  126. Vision-based Analysis of Driver Activity and Driving Performance Under the Influence of Alcohol ↗ · 2023 · Greer, Ross et al. · indexed
  127. 2013–2014 National Roadside Study of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Alcohol Results · 2016 · Ramirez, Anthony et al. · archived
  128. A Framework for “Driving Under the Influenceof Drugs” Policy for the Opioid Using Driver ↗ · 2012 · Wilhelmi, Brian G. · indexed
  129. Legislative approaches to increasing Virginia's conviction rate for drug-related DUI. · 1992 · Lau, Robyne R et al. · archived
  130. Prevalence of Self-Reported Drowsy Driving, United States: 2015 · 2015 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  131. How Tired is Too Tired to Drive? A Systematic Review Assessing the Use of Prior Sleep Duration to Detect Driving Impairment · 2023 · Sprajcer, Madeline et al. · archived
  132. On-the-Road Driving Behavior and Breath Alcohol Concentration · 1976 · Damkot, David K. et al. · archived
  133. Short-term License Suspensions for Drinking Drivers · 2007 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  134. 0.08 BAC Illegal Per Se Level · 1996 · NHTSA · archived
  135. Driver impairment at night and its relation to physiological sleepiness ↗ · 2008 · Anund, Anna et al. · indexed
  136. Evaluation of the National Impaired Driving High-Visibility Enforcement Campaign: 2003–2005 · 2007 · NHTSA · archived
  137. Assessment of Older Driver Performance Under Low Level Alcohol Impairment · 2013 · Sodhi, Manbir et al. · archived
  138. Low and moderate alcohol doses, psychomotor performance and perceived drowsiness ↗ · 1983 · Landauer, Ali A. et al. · indexed
  139. Alcohol Involvement in Fatal Crashes: Comparisons among Countries · 2001 · Stewart, Kathryn · archived
  140. Obstacles to Enforcement of Youthful (under 21) Impaired Driving · 1992 · Preusser, David F. et al. · archived
  141. Use of Intermediaries in DWI Deterrence. Volume 3, Dram Shop Acts, Common Law Liability and State Alcoholic Beverage Control (ABC) Enforcement as Potential DWI Countermeasures · 1983 · Wagner, Marvin H. et al. · archived
  142. Assessment of Drowsy Driving Associated Characteristics Using Deep Learning ↗ · 2023 · Naeem, Marwan et al. · indexed
  143. New Mexico’s Comprehensive Impaired-Driving Program: A Case Study · 2014 · Ramirez, Anthony et al. · archived
  144. Drunk Driving Warning System (DDWS). Volume 2, Field Test Evaluation · 1983 · Allen, R. Wade et al. · archived
  145. State of Montana impaired driver assessment, October 22-26, 2001 · 2002 · NHTSA · archived
  146. Legislative History of .08 Per Se Laws · 2001 · Rodriguez-Iglesias, C. et al. · archived
  147. Effects of Legalization of Marijuana on Traffic: Transportation Research Synthesis · 2024 · NHTSA · archived
  148. Beyond Breathalyzers: Towards Pre-Driving Sobriety Testing with a Driver Monitoring Camera · 2025 · Stent, Simon et al. · archived
  149. Acute Alcohol Impairment Research in Driving Simulators ↗ · 2011 · Creaser, Janet et al. · indexed
  150. Using Alcohol as a Standard to Assess the Degree of Impairment Induced by Sedative and Analgesic Drugs Used in Ambulatory Surgery  ↗ · 1995 · Thapar, Pankaj et al. · indexed
  151. Identification and Testing of Countermeasures for Specific Alcohol Accident Types and Problems. Volume 2, General Driver Alcohol Problem · 1984 · Ranney, Thomas A. et al. · archived
  152. Statement of Diane K. Steed, Deputy Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, before the Subcommittee on Courts, Senate Committee on the Judiciary · 1981 · Steed, Diane K. · archived
  153. Potentially Driver-Impairing (PDI) Medication Use in Medically Impaired Adults Referred for Driving Evaluation ↗ · 2014 · Hetland, Amanda J. et al. · indexed
  154. Alcohol and Highway Safety: Behavioral and Medical Aspects [Final Report] · 1971 · Perrine, M. W. et al. · archived
  155. Court Intervention: Pre-sentence Investigation Techniques for Drinking/Driving Offenses. Participant’s Manual · 1980 · NHTSA · archived
  156. A Summary Report of Six Demonstration Projects to Reduce Alcohol-Impaired Driving among 21- to 34-Year-Old Drivers · 2008 · NHTSA · archived
  157. The Maintenance of Wakefulness Test and Driving Simulator Performance ↗ · 2005 · Banks, Siobhan et al. · indexed
  158. THE PERCEPTION OF RISK INVOLVED IN ALCOHOL-IMPAIRED DRIVING ↗ · 1997 · Bergeron, Jacques et al. · indexed
  159. Digest of Impaired Driving and Selected Beverage Control Laws [2006] · 2006 · NHTSA · archived
  160. Ethanol and Sleep Loss: A “Dose” Comparison of Impairing Effects ↗ · 2003 · Roehrs, Timothy et al. · indexed
  161. The sensitivity of laboratory tests assessing driving related skills to dose-related impairment of alcohol: A literature review ↗ · 2016 · Jongen, Stefan et al. · indexed
  162. Development and Field Test of Psychophysical Tests for DWI Arrest · 1981 · Tharp, V. et al. · archived
  163. Digest of Impaired Driving and Selected Beverage Control Laws [2007] · 2007 · NHTSA · archived
  164. A Florida Validation Study of the Standardized Field Sobriety Test (S.F.S.T.) Battery · 1997 · Burns, Marcelline et al. · archived
  165. Implementation plan for combating the drug-impaired driver. · 1988 · Jernigan, Jack D · archived
  166. The Impact of Alcohol Hangover on Simulated Driving Performance during a ‘Commute to Work’—Zero and Residual Alcohol Effects Compared ↗ · 2020 · Alford, Chris et al. · indexed
  167. Drinking and Driving Trips, Stops by the Police, and Arrests: Analyses of the 1995 Survey of Drinking and Driving Attitudes and Behaviors · 2001 · Zador, Paul et al. · archived
  168. State of Montana: Impaired Driving Assessment · 2005 · NHTSA · archived
  169. Alcohol and driving-related performance - A comprehensive meta-analysis focusing the significance of the non-significant ↗ · 2011 · Schnabel, Eva · indexed
  170. Effects of acute alcohol consumption on measures of simulated driving: A systematic review and meta-analysis · 2017 · Irwin, Christopher et al. · archived
  171. An Assessment of the Effects of Implementing and Publicizing Administrative License Revocation for DWI in Nevada · 1990 · Lacey, J. J. et al. · archived
  172. Alcohol and Highway Safety Laws: A National Overview: 1981 · 1982 · NHTSA · archived
  173. Pilot Test of New Roadside Survey Methodology for Impaired Driving · 2007 · Lacey, John H. et al. · archived
  174. 2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Alcohol Results · 2009 · Lacey, John H. et al. · archived
  175. West Virginia’s Impaired Driving High-Visibility Enforcement Campaign, 2003–2005 · 2007 · Zwicker, T. J. et al. · archived
  176. Impact of the Legalization and Decriminalization of Marijuana on the DWI System: Highlights from the Expert Panel Meeting · 2017 · NHTSA · archived
  177. A Review of Alcohol‐Impaired Driving: The Role of Blood Alcohol Concentration and Complexity of the Driving Task ↗ · 2013 · Martin, T.L. et al. · indexed
  178. EFFECTS OF LOW ALCOHOL DOSAGES: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ↗ · 1993 · Krueger, H-P · indexed
  179. Comparison of driving simulator performance with real driving after alcohol intake: A randomised, single blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial ↗ · 2013 · Helland, Arne et al. · indexed
  180. Alcoholic Beverage Server Liability and the Reduction of Alcohol-Related Problems: Evaluation of Dram Shop Laws: Final Report · 1990 · Holder, H. et al. · archived
  181. Drugs and Driving ↗ · 2004 · WALSH, J. MICHAEL et al. · indexed
  182. Reducing Alcohol-Impaired Driving: Surveys for Use in Measuring Program Effectiveness · 1983 · Snyder, Monroe B. et al. · archived
  183. Effects of Alcohol and Sleep Restriction on Simulated Driving Performance in Untreated Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea ↗ · 2009 · Vakulin, Andrew et al. · indexed
  184. A campaign to reduce impaired driving through retail-oriented enforcement in Washington State · 2008 · Ramirez, Rebecca et al. · archived
  185. Results of the 2013–2014 National Roadside Study of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers [Traffic Safety Facts] · 2015 · Berning, Amy et al. · archived
  186. Virginia's program to combat drug-related DUI, 1988-1989. · 1992 · Jernigan, Jack D · archived
  187. Drinking-driving attitudes: a survey of Fairfax County. · 1973 · Rodman, Reed M. · archived
  188. Examining signs of driver sleepiness, usage of sleepiness countermeasures and the associations with sleepy driving behaviours and individual factors · 2015 · Watling, Christopher N. et al. · archived
  189. Deterring driving under the influence of cannabis ↗ · 2015 · Huestis, Marilyn A. · indexed
  190. Issues concerning the adoption of an administrative per se statute by the Commonwealth of Virginia. · 1989 · Virkar, Salil R et al. · archived
  191. Sleepiness, Driving, and Motor Vehicle Crashes ↗ · 1998 · Lyznicki, James M. · indexed
  192. Manual for a Selective Traffic Enforcement Program for Alcohol-Related Motor Vehicle Crashes · 1972 · NHTSA · archived
  193. The Deterrent Capability of Sobriety Checkpoints: Summary of the American Literature · 1992 · Ross, H. Laurence (Hugh Laurence) · archived
  194. Consensus Statement: Fatigue and accidents in transport operations ↗ · 2000 · Åkerstedt, Torbjörn · indexed
  195. The General Deterrence of Driving While Intoxicated. Volume 1, System Analysis and Computer-Based Simulation · 1978 · Summers, Leland G. et al. · archived
  196. Young Drivers and the Risk for Drowsy Driving ↗ · 2013 · Ebel, Beth E. · indexed
  197. Feeling sleepy? stop driving—awareness of fall asleep crashes · 2023 · Anderson, Clare et al. · archived
  198. Effects of alcohol on highway driving in the STISIM driving simulator ↗ · 2011 · Mets, Monique A. J. et al. · indexed
  199. National Survey of Drinking and Driving Attitudes and Behavior: 2001. Volume 1, Summary Report · 2003 · Royal, Dawn · archived
  200. Validation of the Standardized Field Sobriety Test Battery at BACs below 0.10 Percent · 1998 · Stuster, Jack, 1947- et al. · archived
  201. Effect of moderated doses of alcohol on behavior of drivers confronted to simulated scenarios of accident ↗ · 2011 · Meskali, Mohamed et al. · indexed
  202. Best Practices of Successful State Impaired-Driving Task Forces · 2024 · Fell, James C. et al. · archived
  203. Resources to Prevent Impaired Driving in Rural Areas · 2025 · Redden, Carrie et al. · archived
  204. Examining New Mexico’s Comprehensive Impaired Driving Program [Traffic Tech] · 2014 · NHTSA · archived
  205. Strategic Evaluation States Initiative: Case Studies of Alaska, Georgia, and West Virginia · 2008 · Syner, Joey et al. · archived
  206. Drug Use and Highway Safety: A Review of the Literature · 1971 · Nichols, James L. · archived
  207. Alcohol Safety Countermeasures Program: Special Analytical Study · 1970 · NHTSA · archived
  208. Pilot Test of Selected DWI Detection Procedures for Use at Sobriety Checkpoints · 1985 · Compton, Richard P. · archived
  209. Alcohol & drug use among drivers : British Columbia roadside survey 2008 · 2009 · Beirness, Douglas J. et al. · archived
  210. Minnesota’s Double-Barrelled Implied Consent Law: A 1983 Update of “Analytical Study of the Legal and Operational Aspects of the Minnesota Law Entitled ‘Chemical Test for Intoxication’”(DOT HS 806 170) by Robert H. Reeder · 1983 · Lowery, Forst · archived
  211. Visual Detection of Driving While Intoxicated. Project Interim Report: Identification of Visual Cues and Development of Detection Methods · 1979 · Harris, Douglas H., 1930- et al. · archived
  212. Youth Driving without Impairment: Report on the Youth Impaired Driving, Public Hearings: Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Fort Worth, Seattle · 1988 · NHTSA · archived
  213. Digest of State Alcohol-Highway Safety Related Legislation. Twentieth Edition. Current as of January 1, 2002 · 2002 · NHTSA · archived
  214. Enforcement, Adjudication and Public Information Strategies for the General Deterrence of Driving While Intoxicated: Information for Potential Field Site Participants · 1982 · Anderson, Theodore E. et al. · archived
  215. Alcohol and driving: is the 0.05% blood alcohol concentration limit justified? ↗ · 1991 · Howat, Peter et al. · indexed
  216. Refusal of Intoxication Testing: A Report to Congress · 2008 · Berning, Amy et al. · archived
  217. Targets of Opportunity: Community Based Alcohol Programs · 1988 · Anikeeff, Pamela Tatiana · archived
  218. National Survey of Drinking and Driving, Attitudes and Behavior: 1999. Volume 1, Findings · 2000 · Royal, Dawn · archived
  219. Digest of State Alcohol-Highway Safety Related Legislation, Current as of January 1, 1998. Sixteenth Edition · 1998 · NHTSA · archived
  220. Deterrent Effects of Mandatory License Suspension for DWI Conviction · 1987 · Blomberg, Richard D. et al. · archived
  221. Sensitivity and validity of psychometric tests for assessing driving impairment: effects of sleep deprivation. · 2015 · Jongen, Stefan et al. · archived
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