DrivingResearch.

signage environment

Road signs and markings in the environment: traffic signs, regulatory and warning signs, pavement markings, their placement, density, and effectiveness. This concerns the sign-and-marking infrastructure present along the road, NOT the geometric junction layout they accompany (intersection_design) and NOT the temporary construction setting they may control (work_zones).

464 paper(s) · ranked by relevance to this topic

  1. Transportation research synthesis : effectiveness of traffic signs on local roads. · 2010 · NHTSA · archived
  2. Field Evaluation of Elongated Pavement Marking Signs ↗ · 2017 · Chitturi, Madhav V. et al. · indexed
  3. Road Markings and Signs in Road Safety ↗ · 2022 · Babić, Darko et al. · indexed
  4. An Investigation of the Design and Performance of Traffic Control Devices · 1968 · Markowitz, J. et al. · archived
  5. Handbook of Traffic Control Practices for Low Volume Rural Roads · 2005 · Russell, Eugene R. · archived
  6. Human factors opportunities to improve Ohio’s transportation system : final report, June 2005. · 2005 · Zwahlen, Helmut T. et al. · archived
  7. Traffic control device conspicuity. · 2013 · Inman, Vaughan W. et al. · archived
  8. DO ROAD SIGNS AFFECT ACCIDENTS ↗ · 1955 · Lauer, A. R. et al. · indexed
  9. Road Markings and Their Impact on Driver Behaviour and Road Safety: A Systematic Review of Current Findings ↗ · 2020 · Babić, Dario et al. · indexed
  10. PERCEPTION OF HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SIGNS ↗ · 1971 · Häkkinen, Suvi et al. · indexed
  11. Safety and Environmental Design Consideration in the Use of Commercial Electronic Variable-Message Signage · 1980 · Wachtel, Jerry et al. · archived
  12. The Effect of Lane Direction Pavement Markings on Driving Performance and Safety: A Driving Simulator Study ↗ · 2024 · Marciano, Hadas · indexed
  13. Evaluation of Errors in Road Signs in a Long Roadwork Zone Using a Naturalistic Driving Study ↗ · 2025 · Pashkevich, Anton et al. · indexed
  14. Enhancing Conspicuity for Standard Signs and Retroreflectivity Strips on Posts [tech brief] · 2022 · Katz, Bryan et al. · archived
  15. Traffic control device evaluation program : FY 2016. · 2017 · Brimley, Bradford K. et al. · archived
  16. Approach-End Treatment of Channelization: Signing and Delineation · 1962 · Rowan, Neilon J. · archived
  17. Workshop on Field Inspection and Rehabilitation of Traffic Control Devices - Proceedings · 1990 · Russell, Phillip O. et al. · archived
  18. Motorist Understanding of Traffic Control Devices: Study Results and Recommendations · 1995 · Hawkins Jr, H Gene et al. · archived
  19. Phantomatic Road Works in Poland: A View from a Dashboard Cam · 2023 · Pashkevich, Anton et al. · archived
  20. Identifying the safety factors over traffic signs in state roads using a panel quantile regression approach ↗ · 2018 · Šarić, Željko et al. · indexed
  21. Evaluation of Pavement Markings on Low-Volume Rural Roadways in Iowa · 2015 · Knapp, Keith et al. · archived
  22. Evaluation of ground mounted diagrammatic entrance ramp approach signs : final report, October 2000. · 2000 · Zwahlen, Helmut T. et al. · archived
  23. Overhead Guide Sign Visibility Factors, Volume I: Final Report · 1989 · Stein, A. C. et al. · archived
  24. Public Roads: A Journal of Highway Research and Development, Vol. 47 No. 3 · 1983 · Rosenbaum, Merton J. et al. · archived
  25. Proactive Evaluation of Traffic Signs Using a Traffic Sign Simulator · 2015 · De Ceunynck, Tim et al. · archived
  26. Delineation of Hazards for Older Drivers, Volume II: Appendixes · 1997 · Lerner, Neil D. et al. · archived
  27. Driver Needs on Two-Lane Rural Highways. Volume 2. Simplified Location of Information Deficiencies (SLIDE) – A Procedure · 1985 · NHTSA · archived
  28. Analysis of Traffic Signs Information Volume Affecting Driver’s Visual Characteristics and Driving Safety ↗ · 2022 · Han, Lei et al. · indexed
  29. Drivers’ Perceptions of Vertical Traffic Signs and Their Implications for Road Safety: Evidence from a Field Survey ↗ · 2026 · Durmus, Tahsin et al. · indexed
  30. Additional road markings as an indication of speed limits: Results of a field experiment and a driving simulator study · 2010 · Daniels, Stijn et al. · archived
  31. Motorist Understanding of Alternative Designs for Traffic Signs · 1995 · Picha, Dale L. et al. · archived
  32. Warrants for major traffic generator guide signing. · 2009 · Qiao, Fengxiang et al. · archived
  33. Highway signing for safety. · 1971 · Shepard, Frank D · archived
  34. Freeway Guide Sign Performance at Complex Interchanges: Reducing Information Overload · 2024 · Li, Yingfeng (Eric) et al. · archived
  35. Motorist Comprehension of Traffic Control Devices: Statewide Survey Results · 1993 · Womack, Katie N. et al. · archived
  36. Assessment and Improvement of Motorist Understanding of Traffic Control Devices · 1991 · Mounce, John M. et al. · archived
  37. BETTER SIGNS FOR BETTER ROAD SAFETY ↗ · 2001 · Al-Yousifi, Adel Easa · indexed
  38. Design and Evaluation of Signs and Pavement MarkingsUsing Driving Simulators ↗ · 2011 · Chrysler, Susan et al. · indexed
  39. Improving the conspicuity of trailblazing signs for incident management. · 1998 · Barker, J. A. et al. · archived
  40. Public Roads: A Journal of Highway Research and Development, Vol. 51 No. 2 · 1987 · Andrews, William H. Jr. et al. · archived
  41. Research on Recognition and Evaluation of Traffic Guide Sign ↗ · 2015 · Li, Yuan et al. · indexed
  42. Testing the Effect of Road Traffic Signs′ Informational Value on Driver Behavior ↗ · 1992 · Fisher, James · indexed
  43. Enhancing Safety and Operations at Complex Interchanges With Improved Signing, Markings, and Integrated Geometry · 2018 · Jackson, Steven et al. · archived
  44. Pavement Markings and Delineation for Older Drives. Volume I: Final Report · 1996 · Pietrucha, Martin T. et al. · archived
  45. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Regulatory and Warning Signs on Driver Behavior near Highway/ Rail Crossings · 2020 · Codjoe, Julius et al. · archived
  46. Evaluating the effectiveness of regulatory and warning signs on driver behavior near highway/rail crossings : research project capsule. · 2016 · Codjoe, Julius · archived
  47. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROVISION OF NEW STATIC INFORMATION SIGNAGE: A CASE STUDY OF INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA, GOMBAK CAMPUS · 2012 · Sahrir, Syazwani et al. · archived
  48. Evaluation of potential benefits of wider and brighter edge line pavement markings. · 2010 · Miles, Jeffrey D. et al. · archived
  49. Traffic control device evaluation program: simulator evaluation of sponsored changeable message signs and in-situ evaluation of rumble strip alternatives. · 2016 · Pike, Adam M. et al. · archived
  50. Public Roads: A Journal of Highway Research and Development, Vol. 41 No. 1 · 1977 · Linden, Paul J. et al. · archived
  51. Evaluation of road traffic signs, markings and traffic rules compliance among drivers’ in Ghana ↗ · 2020 · Akple, Maxwell Selase et al. · indexed
  52. Evaluation of ground mounted diagrammatic entrance ramp approach signs : research implementation plan. · 2006 · Zwahlen, Helmut T. · archived
  53. Manual on Real-Time Motorist Information Displays · 1986 · Dudek, Conrad L. et al. · archived
  54. Minimum Retroreflectivity Requirements for Traffic Signs · 1993 · Paniati, Jeffery F. et al. · archived
  55. A Review Of Two Innovative Pavement Marking Patterns That Have Been Developed To Reduce Traffic Speeds And Crashes · 1995 · Griffin, Lindsay I., III et al. · archived
  56. A Comparative Study between Vehicle Activated Signs and Speed Indicator Devices · 2017 · Jomaa, Diala et al. · archived
  57. Understanding the Effects of Pavement Marking Treatments on Night Driving Behavior and Safety ↗ · 2005 · Opiela, Kenneth S et al. · indexed
  58. Evaluation of Speed Control Signs for Small Rural Towns · 1977 · Koziol, Joseph S., Jr. et al. · archived
  59. Sign Luminance Requirements for Various Background Complexities · 1985 · Mace, D. J. et al. · archived
  60. Signing, in Combination with Lane Markings, in Advance of Lane-Reduction Transitions · 2022 · Marchese, Matthew et al. · archived
  61. The Effects of Pavement Markings on High-risk Drivers' Speeds · 2013 · Lee, Jong Hak et al. · archived
  62. A determination of the appropriateness of Virginia's retroreflective sign sheeting specification for fluorescent orange construction and maintenance signs. · 2002 · Brich, Stephen C · archived
  63. Novel Highway Signs Study to Support Infrastructure-Based Motorcycle-Crash Countermeasures: Phase II · 2021 · Weaver, Starla et al. · archived
  64. Treatments to reduce the frequency of freeway exit sign hits. · 2011 · Pesti, Geza et al. · archived
  65. Pavement markings role in enhancing road safety strategies ↗ · 2009 · Thurston, Paul W. · indexed
  66. Intersection Conflict Warning System Human Factors: Final Report · 2016 · Inman, Vaughan W. et al. · archived
  67. Use of Graphics and Symbols on Dynamic Message Signs: Technical Report · 2009 · Ullman, Brooke R. et al. · archived
  68. Use of Pavement Markings to Reduce Excessive Traffic Speeds on Hazardous Curves ↗ · 1998 · Retting, Richard A. et al. · indexed
  69. Creating Effective Graphic Changeable Dynamic Message Sign (DMS) Messaging · 2026 · Kondyli, Alexandra et al. · archived
  70. Driver Vision: Bibliography · 1963 · NHTSA · archived
  71. Driver Response in Active Advanced Warning Signs at High-Speed Signalized Intersections · 1985 · Sabra, Ziad A. · archived
  72. SIGN LEGIBILITY AND CONSPICUITY ↗ · 1988 · Mace, D J · indexed
  73. Perception of highway traffic signs and motivation ↗ · 1974 · Summala, Heikki et al. · indexed
  74. Creating effective variable message signs : human factors issues. · 1998 · Proffitt, Dennis R et al. · archived
  75. A Simulator Evaluation of Driver Responses to Dynamic Warning Signs at Rural Intersections · 2021 · Stephens, Amanda et al. · archived
  76. Pavement Markings To Support Automated Vehicles [Research Summary] · 2024 · Peterson, Ethan et al. · archived
  77. Automated Vehicle and Pavement Marking Evaluation in Connecticut · 2024 · Shaon, Mohammad Razuar et al. · archived
  78. COMPARISON OF THREE METHODS FOR EVALUATING TRAFFIC SIGNS ↗ · 1974 · Dewar, R E et al. · indexed
  79. Orange Work Zone Pavement Marking Midwest Field Test · 2018 · Shaw, John W et al. · archived
  80. Determining the Effectiveness of Graphic-aided Dynamic Message Signs in Work Zones · 2011 · Bai, Yong et al. · archived
  81. Analysis of Effects of Pavement Marking Retroreflectivity on Traffic Crash Frequency on Highways in North Carolina ↗ · 2009 · Donnell, Eric T. et al. · indexed
  82. Safety Impacts of Using Wider Pavement Markings on Two-Lane Rural Highways in Idaho · 2018 · Abdel-Rahim, Ahmed et al. · archived
  83. Space Management: An Application of Dynamic Lane Assignment · 1993 · Jella, Rohini K. et al. · archived
  84. Examining the effects of a signless roadway : holographic traffic control devices and their potential for replacing traditional post-mounted traffic control devices. · 2016 · Noyce, David A. (David Alan), 1961- et al. · archived
  85. Road Sign Detection Distance and Reading Distance at an Uncontrolled Intersection · 2018 · Priambodo, Mohamad Ihsan et al. · archived
  86. Modern traffic control devices to improve safety at rural intersections · 2011 · Fitzpatrick, Kelly · archived
  87. Alternate Interchange Signing Study for Indiana Highways · 2021 · Chen, Stanley et al. · archived
  88. The ergonomics of road signs: explicit and embedded speed limits ↗ · 1996 · Lajunen, Timo et al. · indexed
  89. Modern traffic control devices to improve safety at rural intersections. · 2011 · Fitzpatrick, Kay et al. · archived
  90. Effects of Guide and Logo Signs on Freeway Driving Behavior ↗ · 2015 · Pankok, Carl et al. · indexed
  91. Symbol Signing Design for Older Drivers · 1997 · Dewar, Robert et al. · archived
  92. Presentation factors and driver characteristics affecting road-sign registration ↗ · 1986 · Milošević, Staniša et al. · indexed
  93. Active Traffic Management: Comprehension, Legibility, Distance, and Motorist Behavior In Response to Selected Variable Speed Limit and Lane Control Signing · 2016 · Perez, William A. et al. · archived
  94. Investigation on traffic signs to improve road safety ↗ · 2000 · Al-Yousifi, Adel Easa · indexed
  95. Enhancements to Passive Warning Devices at Railroad-Highway Grade Crossings · 1994 · Fambro, Daniel B. et al. · archived
  96. Durable, cost-effective pavement markings phase I : synthesis of current research. · 2001 · Thomas, Gary B. et al. · archived
  97. Influence of Wider Longitudinal Road Markings on Vehicle Speeds in Two-Lane Rural Highways · 2020 · Calvo, Francisco et al. · archived
  98. Railroad Grade Crossing Passive Signing Study. · 1978 · Koziol, J. S. et al. · archived
  99. Symbolic Sign for Oversized-Truck Route Signs · 1984 · Walker, Jonathan et al. · archived
  100. The Influence of Sign Variations on Drivers’ Comprehension ↗ · 2018 · Ben-Bassat, Tamar et al. · indexed
  101. Summary Report: Improvements In Symbol Sign Design To Aid Older Drivers · 1994 · Dewar, Robert et al. · archived
  102. Vehicle guidance by delineation systems at night ↗ · 1985 · Blaauw, Gerard J. · indexed
  103. Driver's visual attention to different categories of roadside advertising signs · 2019 · Costa, Marco et al. · archived
  104. Motorist understanding of directional messages : final report. · 1981 · Perfater, Michael A · archived
  105. Information as a Source of Distraction · 2015 · Inman, Vaughan W. et al. · archived
  106. Recommendations to Improve Driver Education on Traffic Control Devices · 1999 · Picha, Dale L. et al. · archived
  107. Effect of Dynamic Envelope Pavement Markings on Vehicle Driver Behavior at a Highway-Rail Grade Crossing · 2014 · Gabree, Scott H. et al. · archived
  108. Quantitative Description of Informational Dimensions of Urban Freeways · 2004 · Tsyganov, Alexei et al. · archived
  109. Read Your Road: Every Highway User’s Guide to Driving Safely · 2009 · NHTSA · archived
  110. Minimum retroreflectivity levels for overhead guide signs and street-name signs · 2003 · Carlson, Paul J. et al. · archived
  111. Variable Message Sign strategies for Congestion Warning on Motorways · 2018 · Alhajyaseen, Wael Khaleel Mohammad et al. · archived
  112. Railroad Grade Crossing Passive Signing Study · 1977 · Koziol, J. S. et al. · archived
  113. Recognition of traffic-control signs ↗ · 1972 · Dewar, R E et al. · indexed
  114. Fundamentals of Highway Traffic Regulation · 1926 · Eno, William Phelps, b. 1858 · archived
  115. Analysis of Accident Reduction Potentials of Pavement Markings ↗ · 1994 · Al‐Masaeid, Hashem R. et al. · indexed
  116. Simulator Evaluation of Road Signs and Signals ↗ · 1994 · Allen, R. Wade et al. · indexed
  117. Evaluation of diagrammatic signing at Capital Beltway exit no. 1. · 1971 · Hanscom, Fred R · archived
  118. Speed management toolbox for rural communities. · 2013 · Hallmark, Shauna L. et al. · archived
  119. Using Lighting And Visual Information To Alter Driver Behavior · 2012 · Bullough, John D. et al. · archived
  120. Deployment Model for Urban Guide Signs Based on Road Network Topology ↗ · 2013 · Mina, LI et al. · indexed
  121. Safety evaluation of advance street name signs · 2009 · Gross, Frank et al. · archived
  122. Lane markings in night driving: a review of past research and of the present situation ↗ · 1998 · Rumar, K et al. · indexed
  123. Drivers' awareness of traffic sign information ↗ · 1991 · Macdonald, Wendy A. et al. · indexed
  124. Investigation of Driver Comprehension of Traffic Information on Graphical Congestion Display Panels using a Driving Simulator · 2004 · Richards, Andy et al. · archived
  125. Traffic Sign Comprehension: a Review of Influential Factors and Future Directions for Research ↗ · 2013 · Zhang, Tingru et al. · indexed
  126. Human Factors Literature Reviews on Intersections, Speed Management, Pedestrians and Bicyclists, and Visibility · 2006 · Kludt, K. et al. · archived
  127. Driver Visibility Under Wet Pavement Conditions: Size, Shape, and Spacing of Object Markers/Delineators · 1991 · Lee, Raymond L. Jr et al. · archived
  128. REDUCING CONFLICTS BETWEEN MOTOR VEHICLES AND PEDESTRIANS: THE SEPARATE AND COMBINED EFFECTS OF PAVEMENT MARKINGS AND A SIGN PROMPT · 2004 · Huybers, Sherry et al. · archived
  129. Recognition Distances of Different Pavement Arrow Designs During Daytime and Nighttime ↗ · 1999 · Zwahlen, Helmut T. et al. · indexed
  130. Impact of Guideline Markings on Saturation Flow Rate at Signalized Intersections ↗ · 2019 · Qin, Zhengtao et al. · indexed
  131. Cognitive Design Features on Traffic Signs ↗ · 2006 · Ng, Annie W. Y. et al. · indexed
  132. SIGN AND PAVEMENT MARKING VISIBILITY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF COMMERCIAL VEHICLE DRIVERS ↗ · 2002 · Finley, Melisa D. et al. · indexed
  133. Measuring Usefulness of Crash Fact Signs on Speeding Behavior: A Case Study from Sahrawi Highway · 2025 · Alhomaidat, Fadi · archived
  134. Alternative information signs : an evaluation of driver comprehension and visual attention. · 2015 · Hurwitz, David S. et al. · archived
  135. In-Vehicle Signing Functions and Systems Concepts · 1996 · Tufano, D.R. et al. · archived
  136. CREATING EFFECTIVE VARIABLE MESSAGE SIGNS: HUMAN FACTORS ISSUES ↗ · 1998 · Proffítt, Dennis R. et al. · indexed
  137. Relative Visibility of Increased Legend Size vs. Brighter Materials for Traffic Signs · 1994 · Mace, Douglas J. et al. · archived
  138. Public Roads: A Journal of Highway Research, Vol. 35, No. 9 · 1969 · Stephens, Burton W. et al. · archived
  139. Driver Understanding of Sequential Portable Changeable Message Signs in Work Zones · 2007 · Ullman, Brooke R. et al. · archived
  140. Field evaluation of unlighted overhead guide signs using older drivers : final report, August 2003. · 2003 · Zwahlen, Helmut T. et al. · archived
  141. Highway Design Handbook for Older Drivers and Pedestrians · 2001 · Staplin, L. et al. · archived
  142. User-centered Smart Traffic Sign Development Study · 2023 · Morris, Nichole L. et al. · archived
  143. Service Life Analysis and Maintenance Program of Pavement Markings in Thailand ↗ · 2012 · Lertworawanich, Ponlathep et al. · indexed
  144. Desk Reference to the Handbook for Designing Roadways for the Aging Population · 2015 · Brewer, Marcus A. et al. · archived
  145. Improved business driveway delineation in urban work zones. · 2015 · Theiss, LuAnn et al. · archived
  146. Improvement of conspicuity of trailblazing signs, Phase III : evaluation of fluorescent colors. · 2001 · Neale, Vicki L · archived
  147. Prediction of traffic sign vandalism that obstructs critical messages to drivers · 2017 · Khalilikhah, Majid et al. · archived
  148. OLDER DRIVERS SAY ... STOP SIGNS OF CONFUSION ↗ · 1992 · Jones, R. W. L. · indexed
  149. Evaluation of retroreflective material on stop sign posts in Virginia. · 2009 · Cottrell, Benjamin H et al. · archived
  150. Highway Signing Research: Phase II, Characterization of Sign-Facing Materials · 1966 · Funnell, J. E. et al. · archived
  151. Effects of Traffic Control Devices on Rural Curve Driving Behavior ↗ · 2015 · Montella, Alfonso et al. · indexed
  152. Drivers and Road Signs: A Preliminary Investigation of the Capacity of Car Drivers to get Information from Road Signs ↗ · 1966 · Johansson, Gunnar et al. · indexed
  153. Assessing Road Sign Perception: A Methodological Review ↗ · 2000 · Martens, Marieke · indexed
  154. The effects of damage on sign visibility: An assist in traffic sign replacement · 2016 · Khalilikhah, Majid et al. · archived
  155. A Driving Simulator Evaluation of Active Warning Signs ↗ · 1997 · Hopkins, Jennifer et al. · indexed
  156. Graphical Route Information Panel Signs for Southbound I-35 and SH 130 Travel through Austin · 2014 · Ullman, Gerald L. et al. · archived
  157. Travel Better, Travel Longer: A Pocket Guide to Improve Traffic Control and Mobility for Our Older Population · 2003 · NHTSA · archived
  158. Public Roads: A Journal of Highway Research and Development, Vol. 43 No. 3 · 1979 · MacGowan, John et al. · archived
  159. Use of high intensity reflective sheeting in lieu of external lighting of overhead roadway signs. · 2013 · Jackson, N. Mike et al. · archived
  160. Outdoor Advertising Report: Changeable Message Signs · 2018 · NHTSA · archived
  161. Handbook for designing roadways for the aging population. · 2014 · Brewer, Marcus et al. · archived
  162. Traffic Control Device Analysis, Testing, and Evaluation Program: FY 2024 Activities · 2025 · Finley, Melisa D. et al. · archived
  163. Indoor simulator and field study evaluation of sequential flashing chevron signs on two-lane rural highways · 2017 · Donnell, Zachary D et al. · archived
  164. Optical pavement treatments and their impact on speed and lateral position at transition zones: A driving simulator study · 2021 · Hussain, Qinaat et al. · archived
  165. Best practices for maximizing driver attention to work zone warning signs. · 2016 · Ukkusuri, Satish V. et al. · archived
  166. Evaluation of R1-6 gateway treatment alternatives for pedestrian crossings : final report. · 2016 · Van Houten, Ron et al. · archived
  167. Traffic engineering handbook ↗ · 2009 · Pline, J L · indexed
  168. Changeable Message Sign Visibility · 1996 · Garvey, Philip M. et al. · archived
  169. Assessment of the effectiveness of wrong way driving countermeasures and mitigation methods. · 2014 · Finley, Melisa D. et al. · archived
  170. Evaluation of Driver Feedback Signs · 2006 · NHTSA · archived
  171. Evaluation of Lane Reduction and Late Merge Signing · 2023 · Katz, Bryan J et al. · archived
  172. Vision-Based Pavement Marking Detection and Condition Assessment—A Case Study ↗ · 2021 · Xu, Shuyuan et al. · indexed
  173. UNECE transport review : first edition--November 2008. · 2008 · NHTSA · archived
  174. Compendium of Student Papers: 2007 Undergraduate Transportation Scholars Program · 2007 · Ciarkowski, Matthew et al. · archived
  175. Guidelines for Traffic Sign Symbols ↗ · 1997 · Swanson, H A et al. · indexed
  176. Effectiveness of Crash Fact/Safety Message Signs on Dynamic Message Signs · 2021 · Savolainen, Peter T. et al. · archived
  177. The impact of rural expressway environments: drivers’ attention allocation to variable message signs ↗ · 2022 · Reinolsmann, Nora et al. · indexed
  178. Assessing the visibility of raised pavement markers and alternative forms of delineation · 2020 · Bullough, John D. et al. · archived
  179. Intelligent Recognition Technology for the Segmentation of Traffic Indication Images Concerning Different Pavement Materials ↗ · 2022 · Xie, Juanhong et al. · indexed
  180. Road sign vision and driver behaviour in work zones · 2019 · Vignali, Valeria et al. · archived
  181. Comparing countermeasures for mitigating wrong-way entries onto limited access facilities. · 2017 · Lin, Pei-Sung et al. · archived
  182. A driving simulator study : evaluation of vehicle mounted attenuator markings in work zones during different times of the day. · 2010 · Bham, Ghulam H. et al. · archived
  183. ROADWAY DELINEATION PRACTICES HANDBOOK ↗ · 1994 · Migletz, J et al. · indexed
  184. Drivers' immediate responses to traffic signs ↗ · 1984 · Summala, Heikki et al. · indexed
  185. Evaluation of Michigan’s engineering improvements for older drivers. · 2015 · Kwigizile, Valerian et al. · archived
  186. Model for Predicting Traffic Signs Functional Service Life – The Republic of Croatia Case Study · 2017 · Babić, Dario et al. · archived
  187. The effect of context and ergonomic design of traffic signs on driver comprehension – a preliminary evaluation ↗ · 2013 · Ben-Bassat, Tamar · indexed
  188. The Technology of Road Guide Signs Setting in Large Interchanges ↗ · 2013 · Liu, Xia et al. · indexed
  189. Drivers and Road Signs ↗ · 1970 · Johansson, Gunnar et al. · indexed
  190. Nighttime Legibility of Ground-Mounted Traffic Signs as a Function of Font, Color, and Retroreflective Sheeting Type · 2002 · Chrysler, Susan T. et al. · archived
  191. Identification of Traffic Control Problems on Urban Arterial Work Zones · 2003 · Tsyganov, Alexei et al. · archived
  192. In-Vehicle Display Icons and Other Information Elements: Literature Review · 1998 · Carney, Cher et al. · archived
  193. Enhancing Motorist Understanding of Variable Message Signs ↗ · 2005 · Wang, Jyh-Hone et al. · indexed
  194. Evaluation of retroreflective markings to increase rail car conspicuity · 1998 · Ford, Robert E et al. · archived
  195. Model for Predicting Road Markings Service Life · 2019 · Babić, Dario et al. · archived
  196. Comprehension of Posted Highway Traffic Signs in Iraq · 2012 · Ismail, Aodai Abdul-Illah · archived
  197. Rainvision: The Impact of Road Markings on Driver Behaviour – Wet Night Visibility ↗ · 2016 · Diamandouros, Konstandinos et al. · indexed
  198. Pavement Marking Degradation Modeling and Analysis ↗ · 2009 · Sitzabee, William E. et al. · indexed
  199. Driver speed limit compliance in school zones : assessing the impact of sign saturation. · 2013 · Strawderman, Lesley et al. · archived
  200. Driver Awareness of Highway Sites With High Skid Accident Potential · 1974 · Hanscom, Fred R. · archived
  201. Toolbox of countermeasures for rural two-lane curves. · 2012 · Hallmark, Shauna et al. · archived
  202. Public Roads: A Journal of Highway Research and Development, Vol. 56 No. 1 · 1992 · Pisano, Paul et al. · archived
  203. Understanding and improving temporary road sign stability · 2023 · Kumar, Anandanarayanan Nanda et al. · archived
  204. Simulator Study of Signs for a Complex Interchange and Complex Interchange Spreadsheet Tool · 2013 · Fitzpatrick, Kay et al. · archived
  205. Is three the magic number? The role of ergonomic principles in cross country comprehension of road traffic signs · 2016 · Jamson, Samantha et al. · archived
  206. Impacts of Automated Vehicles on Highway Infrastructure · 2021 · Gopalakrishna, Deepak et al. · archived
  207. Service Life of Durable Pavement Markings ↗ · 2001 · Migletz, James et al. · indexed
  208. Public Roads: A Journal of Highway Research and Development, Vol. 41 No. 3 · 1977 · Breen, John E. et al. · archived
  209. The Impact of Perceptual Road Markings on Driving Behavior in Horizontal Curves: A Driving Simulator Study · 2025 · Pirdavani, Ali et al. · archived
  210. In-Vehicle Signing Functions of an In-Vehicle Information System · 1996 · Knee, Helmut E. et al. · archived
  211. Safety evaluation of advance street name signs · 2009 · NHTSA · archived
  212. Supplemental advance warning devices ↗ · 1993 · Bowman, Brian · indexed
  213. Driver Understanding of Alternative Traffic Signs ↗ · 1997 · Picha, D L et al. · indexed
  214. Public Roads: A Journal of Highway Research and Development, Vol. 41 No. 2 · 1977 · Lord, Byron et al. · archived
  215. Traffic Safety Evaluation of Video Advertising Signs ↗ · 2005 · Smiley, Alison et al. · indexed
  216. CHARACTERISTICS OF DRIVERS UNDERSTANDING OF POSTED SIGNS ↗ · 1996 · Al-Madani, Hashim et al. · indexed
  217. Public Roads: A Journal of Highway Research, Vol. 27, No. 2 · 1952 · Carpenter, C.A. et al. · archived
  218. Pavement Marking Retroreflectivity Requirements for Older Drivers ↗ · 1996 · Graham, Johnny et al. · indexed
  219. Evaluation of Dynamic Speed Feedback Signs on Freeway Interchange Ramps · 2022 · Gates, Timothy J. et al. · archived
  220. The effect of pavement markings on driving behaviour in curves: a simulator study ↗ · 2016 · Ariën, Caroline et al. · indexed
  221. Using driving simulator to study the effect of crash fact signs on speeding behaviour along freeways ↗ · 2023 · Alhomaidat, Fadi et al. · indexed
  222. Effectiveness of LED-Enhanced Signs in Reducing Incidents of Vehicles Stopping on Tracks · 2019 · Baron, William R. et al. · archived
  223. Methodology for Measuring Traffic Signs Retroreflection ↗ · 2014 · Shcukanec, Andjelko et al. · indexed
  224. Dynamic message sign message design and display manual training : participant notebook, two-day course. · 2009 · NHTSA · archived
  225. Toolbox of countermeasures for rural two-lane curves. · 2013 · Hallmark, Shauna et al. · archived
  226. Legibility Comparison of Three Freeway Guide Sign Alphabets · 1999 · Hawkins Jr, H Gene et al. · archived
  227. Evaluation of Pedestrian and Bicycle Engineering Countermeasures: Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacons, HAWKs, Sharrows, Crosswalk Markings, and the Development of an Evaluation Methods Report · 2011 · Fitzpatrick, Kay et al. · archived
  228. Public Roads: A Journal of Highway Research and Development, Vol. 40 No. 2 · 1976 · Mast, Truman M. et al. · archived
  229. Condition Rating Models for Sustainable Pavement Marking ↗ · 2008 · Shahata, Khaled et al. · indexed
  230. A Sensor-Based Visual Effect Evaluation of Chevron Alignment Signs’ Colors on Drivers through the Curves in Snow and Ice Environment ↗ · 2017 · Zhao, Wei et al. · indexed
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  455. Pavement rehabilitation and maintenance prioritization of urban roads using fuzzy logic · 2011 · Moazami, Danial et al. · archived
  456. Energy and Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Sustainable Pavement Materials and Technologies for Urban Roads ↗ · 2020 · Praticò, Filippo G. et al. · indexed
  457. Analysis of Charging Infrastructure for Private, Battery Electric Passenger Cars: Optimizing Spatial Distribution Using a Genetic Algorithm ↗ · 2023 · Fadranski, Diego et al. · indexed
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  461. Study of Thermal Gradient in Concrete Slabs through Experimental Approach ↗ · 2014 · Dhananjay, M et al. · indexed
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  463. A 2D mathematical model for the CBR of a road sub base in Ilorin, Nigeria ↗ · 2009 · Jimoh Yinusa A. · indexed
  464. Effects of Chemical Stabilisation of Eggshells-Lime and Fly-Ash-Cement on the Structural Strength of Subgrade Soil in Rural Roads · 2022 · Khan, Mohammad Shanawar et al. · archived