external distraction

Distraction from sources outside the vehicle: roadside advertising and digital billboards, electronic signage, scenery and crash gawking, roadside activity, and attention drawn away from the road by the external environment rather than by in-vehicle devices or tasks. The outside-the-cab distraction source, distinct from visual or visual_manual distraction by in-vehicle tasks (mobile_phones, infotainment) and from sign_visibility_legibility (whether official signs can be read, not whether commercial signs distract).

877 paper(s) · ranked by relevance to this topic

1. Beyond the billboard: A review of other external sources of driver distraction ↗ · 2024 · Hinton, Jane et al. · indexed
2. Driver distraction by advertising: genuine risk or urban myth? · 2003 · Wallace, B. · archived
3. The impact of road advertising signs on driver behaviour and implications for road safety: A critical systematic review ↗ · 2019 · Oviedo-Trespalacios, Oscar et al. · indexed
4. Digital Advertising Billboards and Driver Distraction · 2015 · Sisiopiku, Virginia P. et al. · archived
5. Investigating the impact of static roadside advertising on drivers' situation awareness ↗ · 2017 · Young, Kristie L. et al. · indexed
6. Roadside advertisements and driver distraction: A comprehensive review of effects on driving performance ↗ · 2026 · Sorum, Neero Gumsar et al. · indexed
7. Roadside advertising and the distraction of driver’s attention · 2017 · Adam, Tarnowski et al. · archived
8. Research review of potential safety effects of electronic billboards on driver attention and distraction · 2001 · Farbry, J. et al. · archived
9. Research review of potential safety effects of electronic billboards on driver attention and distraction · 2001 · Farbry, J. et al. · archived
10. Assess Driver Distraction in an Era of Rapid Technological Change for Digital Advertising Billboards [Project Summary Report] · 2024 · Pike, Adam et al. · archived
11. Driver's visual attention to different categories of roadside advertising signs · 2019 · Costa, Marco et al. · archived
12. Effect of roadside billboards on driving performance: a driving simulator study ↗ · 2026 · Rao, Annamdasu Nageswara et al. · indexed
13. The Impact of Billboards on Driver Visual Behavior: A Systematic Literature Review ↗ · 2014 · Decker, John S. et al. · indexed
14. The effects of commercial electronic variable message signs (CEVMS) on driver attention and distraction : an update · 2009 · Molino, John A. et al. · archived
15. The use of commercial advertising on large scale electronic billboards for highways and their relation to driver safety and driver distraction, literature review. · 2008 · Lazarus, Jon M. · archived
16. Evaluating Driver Distraction Factors in Urban Motorways. A Naturalistic Study Conducted in Attica Tollway, Greece ↗ · 2016 · Misokefalou, Eleni et al. · indexed
17. Examination of Driver Visual and Cognitive Responses to Billboard Elicited Passive Distraction Using Eye-Fixation Related Potential ↗ · 2021 · Wang, Yongxiang et al. · indexed
18. Visualization Factor Distraction During the Driving Task in a Real Reality Environment Using EEG Analysis · 2022 · Zulfakur, Nursyuhadah et al. · archived
19. Effects of Electronic Billboards on Driver Distraction ↗ · 2013 · Dukic, Tania et al. · indexed
20. Effects of roadside distractors on performance of drivers with and without attention deficit tendencies ↗ · 2018 · Shaw, F. Atiyya et al. · indexed
21. Assess Driver Distraction in an Era of Rapid Technological Change for Digital Advertising Billboards: Technical Report · 2025 · Pike, Adam et al. · archived
22. A field study on the effects of digital billboards on glance behavior during highway driving ↗ · 2016 · Belyusar, Daniel et al. · indexed
23. Social attitudes towards roadside advertising · 2017 · Anna, Olejniczak-Serowiec et al. · archived
24. Driver Visual Behavior in the Presence of Commercial Electronic Variable Message Signs (CEVMS) · 2011 · Perez, William A. et al. · archived
25. Exploring the Prevalence and Sources of Outside-Vehicle Distraction in Qatar: A Self-Reported Questionnaire Study ↗ · 2025 · Alqudah, Haya et al. · indexed
26. Driver Visual Behavior in the Presence of Commercial Electronic Variable Message Signs (CEVMS) · 2012 · Perez, William A. et al. · archived
27. Attraction and distraction of attention with roadside advertisements ↗ · 2006 · Crundall, David et al. · indexed
28. The influence of attention distraction on the drivers’ behaviour · 2018 · Gąsiorek, Kamila et al. · archived
29. Impact of Video Advertising on Driver Fixation Patterns ↗ · 2004 · Smiley, Alison et al. · indexed
30. Using Road Safety Evidence and “Safety in Design” Approaches to Regulate Driver Distraction from Roadside Advertising ↗ · 2017 · Horberry, Tim et al. · indexed
31. Effect of Distracting Factors on Driving Performance: A Review · 2022 · Sorum, Neero Gumsar et al. · archived
32. Traffic Safety Evaluation of Video Advertising Signs ↗ · 2005 · Smiley, Alison et al. · indexed
33. Driver distraction by digital billboards? Structural equation modeling based on naturalistic driving study data: A case study of Iran ↗ · 2020 · Sheykhfard, Abbas et al. · indexed
34. Influence of sexual appeal in roadside advertising on drivers' attention and driving behavior. · 2019 · Maliszewski, Norbert et al. · archived
35. The Effect of Visual Clutter on Driver Eye Glance Behavior ↗ · 2011 · Perez, William et al. · indexed
36. A comprehensive safety analysis for gaze fixation of drivers to outside scene · 2022 · Sarkar, Abhijit · archived
37. Outdoor Advertising Report: Changeable Message Signs · 2018 · NHTSA · archived
38. Outdoor Advertising Influence on Perception of Driver Road Conditions ↗ · 2016 · Parshutina, Marina Vyacheslavovna et al. · indexed
39. Defining Driver Distraction · 2008 · Lee, John et al. · archived
40. The Research of Driver Distraction by Visual Smog on Selected Road Stretch in Slovakia ↗ · 2017 · Hudák, Martin et al. · indexed
41. Safety and Environmental Design Consideration in the Use of Commercial Electronic Variable-Message Signage · 1980 · Wachtel, Jerry et al. · archived
42. Effect of Visual Distraction on Driving Performance: Driving Simulator Experiment ↗ · 2023 · Rao, A. Nageswara et al. · indexed
43. Distracted Driving: It is not always a choice · 2016 · Hunter, Michael P. et al. · archived
44. Effect of External Distractions ↗ · 2012 · Divekar, Gautam et al. · indexed
45. Driver Distraction: Mechanisms, Evidence, Prevention, and Mitigation · 2023 · Regan, Michael A. et al. · archived
46. Investigating the Impact of Distracted Driving among Different Socio-Demographic Groups · 2019 · Jeihani, Mansoureh et al. · archived
47. Information as a Source of Distraction · 2015 · Inman, Vaughan W. et al. · archived
48. The Effect of External Distractions on Novice and Experienced Drivers' Anticipation of Hazards and Vehicle Control · 2023 · Divekar, Gautam · archived
49. The effect of billboard design specifications on driving: A driving simulator study ↗ · 2020 · Marciano, Hadas · indexed
50. Observed Driver Glance Behavior at Roadside Advertising Signs ↗ · 2004 · Beijer, Daan et al. · indexed
51. Perceptual load in central and peripheral regions and its effects on driving performance: advertizing billboards ↗ · 2012 · Marciano, Hadas et al. · indexed
52. The role of driver distraction in traffic crashes · 2001 · Stutts, Jane C. et al. · archived
53. The Role of Driver Distraction in Traffic Crashes · 2001 · Stutts, Jane C. et al. · archived
54. Allocating Visual Attention: How Relevance to Driving Impacts Attention when 
Drivers are Distracted ↗ · 2011 · Garrison, Teena · indexed
55. Driver Distraction in Commercial Vehicle Operations · 2010 · Olson, Rebecca L. et al. · archived
56. THE INFLUENCE OF DISTRACTORS ON VISUAL ATTENTION AND SAFETY-RELATED BEHAVIORS WHILE DRIVING ↗ · 2025 · ODACHOWSKA-ROGALSKA, Ewa et al. · indexed
57. Road lighting and distraction whilst driving: Establishing the significant types of distraction ↗ · 2020 · Robbins, CJ et al. · indexed
58. Driver Distraction in Commercial Vehicle Operations · 2009 · Olson, R.L. et al. · archived
59. Driver distraction and inattention in fatal and injury crashes: Findings from in-depth road crash data ↗ · 2019 · Wundersitz, Lisa · indexed
60. Driver's exposure to distractions in their natural driving environment ↗ · 2005 · Stutts, J C et al. · indexed
61. Letter to the Editor: Electronic Billboards and Driver Distraction ↗ · 2013 · Radun, Igor et al. · indexed
62. Simulator Study of Involuntary Driver Distraction Under Different Perceptual Loads ↗ · 2017 · Hoekstra-Atwood, Liberty et al. · indexed
63. Psychological attentional characteristics based on TEST2DRIVE test battery and age as a factor of drivers distraction in LCT and 3VPT simulator scenarios · 2018 · Tarnowski, Adam et al. · archived
64. Leading to distraction: Driver distraction, lead car, and road environment ↗ · 2016 · Kountouriotis, Georgios K. et al. · indexed
65. Driver distraction and performance effects of highway logo sign design ↗ · 2012 · Zhang, Yu et al. · indexed
66. Detecting driver distraction · 2018 · Liang, Yulan · archived
67. Road safety and distraction, results from a responsibility case-control study among a sample of road users interviewed at the emergency room ↗ · 2019 · Née, Mélanie et al. · indexed
68. Defining Driver Distraction ↗ · 2005 · Pettitt, Michael et al. · indexed
69. Impact of Relevance and Distraction on Driving Performance and Visual Attention in a Simulated Driving Environment ↗ · 2013 · Garrison, Teena M. et al. · indexed
70. Evaluation of Strategies for Integrated Classification of Visual-Manual and Cognitive Distractions in Driving · 2016 · Zhang, Yu et al. · archived
71. Assessing the Ghanaian driver's susceptibility to distraction engagement · 2025 · Sam, Enoch F. · archived
72. The Effect of Playing Video Advertisement Inside a Car on Driver Visual Distraction ↗ · 2018 · Abhari, Mohammadreza et al. · indexed
73. An Investigation of Peer Influences on Risky Child and Adolescent Pedestrian Road Crossing: Final Report · 2016 · Plumert, Jodie M. et al. · archived
74. The Effects of Visual and Cognitive Distraction on Driver Situation Awareness · 2011 · Rogers, Meghan L. et al. · archived
75. On-Road Visual Sign Salience, Driver Attention Allocation, and Target Detection Accuracy ↗ · 2017 · Zahabi, Maryam et al. · indexed
76. What is the difference between perceived and actual risk of distracted driving? A field study on a real highway. · 2020 · Li, Zhen et al. · archived
77. Determining the risk of driver-at-fault events associated with common distraction types using naturalistic driving data ↗ · 2021 · Liang, Ou Stella et al. · indexed
78. Towards Operationalizing Driver Distraction · 2013 · Foley, James P et al. · archived
79. Cognitive distraction impairs drivers' anticipatory glances: An on-road study · 2015 · Biondi, F et al. · archived
80. Driver inattention, driver distraction and traffic crashes ↗ · 2003 · Stutts, J C et al. · indexed
81. On the Philosophical Foundations of the Distracted Driver and Driving Distraction ↗ · 2008 · Hancock, Peter A. et al. · indexed
82. The Distracted Driver ↗ · 2011 · Hurts, Karel et al. · indexed
83. A Comprehensive Review of Driver’s Attention and the Evaluation Methods · 2021 · Abbasi, Elahe et al. · archived
84. USING IN-DEPTH CRASH DATA TO ASSESS THE ROLE OF DRIVER INATTENTION AND DRIVER DISTRACTION IN CRASHES ↗ · 2012 · Beanland, V et al. · indexed
85. Driver Distraction Analysis on Naturalistic Heavy Vehicle Data: Task 2: Analysis of Sleeper Berth Data for Distraction Events – Draft Final Report · 2001 · Hanowski, Richard J. et al. · archived
86. Inattention and distraction in fatal road crashes – Results from in-depth crash investigations in Norway ↗ · 2019 · Sundfør, Hanne Beate et al. · indexed
87. Effects of Cognitive Distraction on Driver's Visual Attention(Mechanical Systems) ↗ · 2010 · ABE, Genya et al. · indexed
88. Cognitive Distraction: Something to Think About · 2013 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
89. A Scoping Study on Driver’s Perspective of Distracting Factors ↗ · 2021 · Al-Rousan, Taleb M. et al. · indexed
90. Cognitive Distraction While Driving: A Critical Review of Definitions and Prevalence in Crashes ↗ · 2012 · Young, Richard · indexed
91. IMPACTS OF DISTRACTION ON DRIVING: AN ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL, COGNITIVE, AND EMOTIONAL DISTRACTION ↗ · 2015 · Sterkenburg, Jason · indexed
92. Human Factors of Visual and Cognitive Performance in Driving · 2008 · Castro, Cándida · archived
93. Guide Sign's Visual Interference Experiment on Urban Road ↗ · 2011 · Du, Zhigang et al. · indexed
94. Investigation of distracted driving activities at highway-rail grade crossings (HRGC). · 2013 · Khattak, Aemal et al. · archived
95. An Eye-tracking Evaluation of Driver Distraction and Unfamiliar Road Signs ↗ · 2016 · Hurtado, Stephanie et al. · indexed
96. Traffic control device conspicuity. · 2013 · Inman, Vaughan W. et al. · archived
97. Crash Studies of Driver Distraction ↗ · 2008 · Gordon, Craig · indexed
98. Identifying distracted-driving events from on-road observations using a moving vehicle: A case study in New Jersey ↗ · 2022 · Sajid Hasan, Ahmed et al. · indexed
99. What attracts attention when driving? ↗ · 1986 · Hughes, P. K. et al. · indexed
100. Driver Distractions In Commercial Vehicle Operations · 2009 · Olson, Rebecca L. et al. · archived
101. Driver behavior in use of guide and logo signs under distraction and complex roadway conditions ↗ · 2014 · Kaber, David B. et al. · indexed
102. Effect of Static Electronic Advertising Signs on Road Safety ↗ · 2014 · Izadpanah, Pedram et al. · indexed
103. Using Driver Simulators to Measure the Impact of Distracted Driving on Commercial Motor Vehicle Operators · 2015 · Tarr, Ronald W. et al. · archived
104. The emotional side of cognitive distraction: Implications for road safety ↗ · 2013 · Chan, Michelle et al. · indexed
105. Effect of Different Types of Distractions on Driving Behavior and Road Safety Using Naturalistic Driving Data Under Mixed Traffic Conditions ↗ · 2026 · Ameenuddin, Mohammed et al. · indexed
106. Driver distraction in school zones: A roadside observational study in Canada · 2025 · Biondi, FN et al. · archived
107. A Novel EEG-Based Assessment of Distraction in Simulated Driving under Different Road and Traffic Conditions · 2024 · Ronca, Vincenzo et al. · archived
108. Driver Distraction in Commercial Motor Vehicle Operations · 2017 · Hanowski, Richard J. et al. · archived
109. Prevalence and distribution of young driver distraction errors in naturalistic driving · 2014 · Carney, Cher et al. · archived
110. Understanding the Effects of Distracted Driving and Developing Strategies to Reduce Resulting Deaths and Injuries: A Report to Congress · 2013 · Vegega, Maria et al. · archived
111. Driver Distraction in NHTSA Databases · 2010 · Ascone, Debra · archived
112. Analysis of Driver Distraction Behaviour Causing Risk of Accidents in Jordan · 2023 · Abojaradeh, Mohammad · archived
113. The impact of secondary in-vehicle display animations and their location on driver attention and glance behavior · 2024 · Befelein, Dennis et al. · archived
114. Understanding driver distraction associated with specific behavioural interactions with in-vehicle and portable technologies · 2017 · Imberger, K · archived
115. Gaze-Based Indicators of Driver Cognitive Distraction: Effects of Different Traffic Conditions and Adaptive Cruise Control Use · 2025 · Halin, Anaïs et al. · archived
116. Driver distraction and in-vehicle interventions: A driving simulator study on visual attention and driving performance ↗ · 2023 · Ezzati Amini, Roja et al. · indexed
117. Distraction prediction based on eye movements and driving performance ↗ · 2025 · Li, Ran et al. · indexed
118. Using Driver Simulators to Measure the Impact of Distracted Driving on Commercial Motor Vehicle Operators [Research Brief] · 2015 · NHTSA · archived
119. Memory for a Hazard is Interrupted by Performance of a Secondary In-Vehicle Task ↗ · 2014 · Borowsky, Avinoam et al. · indexed
120. Attentional capture in driving displays · 2016 · Arexis, Mahé et al. · archived
121. The impact of rural expressway environments: drivers’ attention allocation to variable message signs ↗ · 2022 · Reinolsmann, Nora et al. · indexed
122. An on-road assessment of cognitive distraction: Impacts on drivers’ visual behavior and braking performance ↗ · 2006 · Harbluk, Joanne L. et al. · indexed
123. Research Framework for Studying Driver Distraction on Polish City Highways · 2013 · Kelwyn A. D’Souza et al. · archived
124. Distracted Drivers Differ in Infrastructure Sensitivity, Not Distraction Frequency: A Naturalistic Crosswalk Study ↗ · 2026 · Douglas, Grace et al. · indexed
125. The Influence of Different Factors on Right-Turn Distracted Driving Behavior at Intersections Using Naturalistic Driving Study Data ↗ · 2019 · Lv, Bin et al. · indexed
126. Effects of visual warnings on guiding attention during distracted driving ↗ · 2026 · Chihara, Takanori et al. · indexed
127. Analysis of Gaze Behavior to Measure Cognitive Distraction in Real-World Driving ↗ · 2018 · Yang, Shiyan et al. · indexed
128. The Debate over Digital Billboards: Can New Technology Inform Drivers without Distracting Them? ↗ · 2008 · Birdsall, Michelle · indexed
129. The Influence of Visual-Manual Distractions on Anticipatory Driving · 2022 · He, Dengbo et al. · archived
130. Assessment of Secondary Tasks Based on Drivers’ Eye-Movement Features · 2020 · Yao, Ying et al. · archived
131. DO ROAD SIGNS AFFECT ACCIDENTS ↗ · 1955 · Lauer, A. R. et al. · indexed
132. Driver Distraction in Commercial Vehicle Operations (TechBrief) · 2009 · NHTSA · archived
133. Measuring the Effects of Driver Distraction · 2008 · Young, Kristie et al. · archived
134. Mind Wandering While Driving ↗ · 2015 · Lerner, Neil et al. · indexed
135. When does visual distraction become dangerous in car-following? Evidence from naturalistic driving study data with causal inference on time-to-collision and braking intensity ↗ · 2026 · Chun, Uibeom et al. · indexed
136. Technology Transfer: Distracted Driving, Overview Summary of Ways to Alleviate · 2017 · Peters, Robert et al. · archived
137. Disruption in the Driver’s Seat: How Technological Advancements are Changing What We Do in the Car and on the Road · 2013 · NHTSA · archived
138. Prevalence and Distribution of Young Driver Distraction Errors in Naturalistic Driving · 2014 · Carney, Cher et al. · archived
139. Driver Distraction: Eye Glance Analysis and Conversation Workload · 2015 · Hickman, Jeffrey S. et al. · archived
140. Synthesis of Literature Relating to Cellular Telephone/Personal Digital Assistant Use in Commercial Truck and Bus Operations · 2011 · NHTSA · archived
141. Assessing the Effects of In-Vehicle Tasks on Driving Performance ↗ · 2011 · Horrey, William J. · indexed
142. Cognitive Distraction in the Wild ↗ · 2015 · Fisher, Donald L. · indexed
143. Frequency of distracting tasks people do while driving : an analysis of the ACAS FOT data. · 2007 · Oberholtzer, Jessica et al. · archived
144. Driving Distractions Perceptions among Young Drivers in an Urban Area of Shah Alam · 2022 · Kamaluddin, Noor Azreena et al. · archived
145. Driver distraction: A review of the literature ↗ · 2003 · Young, Kristie L. et al. · indexed
146. Caltrans UAS and Driver Safety: Driver Distraction in the Presence of UAS · 2024 · Akhavian, Reza et al. · archived
147. Driving-related factors affecting mind-wandering behind the wheel: a systematic review ↗ · 2025 · Traficante, Sergio et al. · indexed
148. Driver distraction: A review of the literature ↗ · 2003 · Young, Kristie L. et al. · indexed
149. Impact of Cognitive Distractions on Drivers’ Hazard Anticipation Behavior in Complex Scenarios ↗ · 2019 · Ebadi, Yalda et al. · indexed
150. Investigating Problem of Distracted Drivers on Louisiana Roadways · 2018 · Sun, Xiaoduan et al. · archived
151. Driver Distraction Detection Methods: A Literature Review and Framework · 2021 · Kashevnik, Alexey et al. · archived
152. DRIVER INATTENTION ↗ · 2004 · Richard, TAY et al. · indexed
153. A validation study of a fixed‐based, medium fidelity driving simulator for human–machine interfaces visual distraction testing ↗ · 2023 · Large, David R. et al. · indexed
154. An Observational Evaluation of Safety and Operations Resulting From Driver Distraction · 2015 · Romoser, Matthew R. E. et al. · archived
155. THE IMPACT OF COGNITIVE DISTRACTION ON DRIVER VISUAL BEHAVIOUR AND VEHICLE CONTROL ↗ · 2002 · Harbluk, Joanne L. et al. · indexed
156. Distraction ‘on the buses’: A novel framework of ergonomics methods for identifying sources and effects of bus driver distraction ↗ · 2011 · Salmon, Paul M. et al. · indexed
157. Driver distraction : a review of the literature ↗ · 2007 · Kircher, Katja · indexed
158. Do automation and digitalization distract drivers? A systematic review ↗ · 2025 · Vijay, Neelima C. et al. · indexed
159. Audiovisual presentation of variable message signs improves message processing in distracted drivers during partially automated driving · 2024 · Pi-Ruano, Marina et al. · archived
160. Head-Up Displays and Distraction Potential · 2023 · Russell, Sheldon M. et al. · archived
161. Spotlighting distraction in artificial intelligence driver assistance systems · 2023 · Cardoso, Bruno et al. · archived
162. Differences in Near-Crash Risk by Types of Distraction: A Comparison of Trends between Freeways and Two-Lane Highways using Naturalistic Driving Data ↗ · 2022 · Bamney, Anshu et al. · indexed
163. Influence of ADAS on Driver Distraction ↗ · 2025 · Bosurgi, Gaetano et al. · indexed
164. Distraction and Drowsiness in Motorcoach Drivers · 2016 · Hammond, Rebecca, L. et al. · archived
165. Driver inattention and driver distraction in serious casualty crashes: Data from the Australian National Crash In-depth Study ↗ · 2013 · Beanland, Vanessa et al. · indexed
166. A Review on Driver Distraction Detection Methods ↗ · 2020 · Vismaya, U.K et al. · indexed
167. Driver distraction and driver inattention: Definition, relationship and taxonomy ↗ · 2011 · Regan, Michael et al. · indexed
168. Evaluation of advertisement existence toward attention and understanding level vehicle driver ↗ · 2018 · Budiawan, Wiwik et al. · indexed
169. Truck Driving Distractions ↗ · 2014 · Sollins, Brandon et al. · indexed
170. Detection of brake lights while distracted: Separating peripheral vision from cognitive load ↗ · 2019 · Wolfe, Benjamin et al. · indexed
171. Effects of Visual and Cognitive Distraction on Lane Change Test Performance ↗ · 2007 · Engström, Johan et al. · indexed
172. Distraction mitigation through driver monitoring systems: a scoping review ↗ · 2026 · Ayas, Suzan et al. · indexed
173. Identifying cognitive distraction using steering wheel reversal rates ↗ · 2016 · Kountouriotis, Georgios K. et al. · indexed
174. Visual Attention and Roadway Landmark Identification in At-Risk Older Drivers, · 2001 · Crowe, Amy et al. · archived
175. Inattentional Blindness While Driving ↗ · 2003 · Wood, Chip et al. · indexed
176. Computer vision‐based recognition of driver distraction: A review ↗ · 2021 · Moslemi, Negar et al. · indexed
177. Driver distraction: The effects of concurrent in-vehicle tasks, road environment complexity and age on driving performance ↗ · 2005 · Horberry, Tim et al. · indexed
178. From Attention to Distraction: Driver State Analysis From an Engineering Perspective – A Review ↗ · 2025 · Uccello, Lorenzo et al. · indexed
179. Capturing Voluntary, Involuntary, and Habitual Components of Driver Distraction in a Self-Reported Questionnaire · 2015 · Marulanda, Susana et al. · archived
180. Modeling Vehicle Collision Injury Severity Involving Distracted Driving: Assessing the Effects of Land Use and Built Environment ↗ · 2019 · Fatmi, Mahmudur Rahman et al. · indexed
181. Evaluation of the Effects of Driver Distraction Part 1: Based on Simulator Experiments ↗ · 2018 · Kim, Sung Lae et al. · indexed
182. Creating the environment for driver distraction: A thematic framework of sociotechnical factors ↗ · 2018 · Parnell, Katie J. et al. · indexed
183. Detection of Driving Distractions and Their Impacts ↗ · 2023 · Shajari, Arian et al. · indexed
184. Paying attention behind the wheel: a framework for studying the role of attention in driving ↗ · 2004 · Trick *, Lana M. et al. · indexed
185. Eye tracking use in researching driver distraction: A scientometric and qualitative literature review approach ↗ · 2019 · Cvahte Ojsteršek, Tina et al. · indexed
186. The impact of driver distraction in tractor-trailers and motorcoach buses ↗ · 2019 · Rebecca L. Hammond (Olson) et al. · indexed
187. Driver Distraction Injury Prevention Countermeasures‚ÄîPart 2 · 2008 · Regan, Michael et al. · archived
188. The Effects of Visual and Cognitive Distractions on Operational and Tactical Driving Behaviors ↗ · 2013 · Zhang, Yu et al. · indexed
189. Government and Industry Perspectives on Driver Distraction ↗ · 2008 · Tingvall, Claes et al. · indexed
190. Evaluation of Driver Performance and Distraction during use of in-vehicle Signing Information ↗ · 2013 · Creaser, Janet et al. · indexed
191. Driver Distraction From a Control Theory Perspective ↗ · 2004 · Sheridan, Thomas B. · indexed
192. The Effects of Distraction on Anticipatory Driving · 2018 · He, Dengbo et al. · archived
193. The Effects of Momentary Visual Disruption on Hazard Anticipation in Driving ↗ · 2013 · Borowsky, Avinoam et al. · indexed
194. Exploratory Analysis of the Effect of Distraction on Driving Behaviour Through a Driving Simulator Experiment · 2017 · Papantoniou, Panagiotis et al. · archived
195. A Simulation Approach for Evaluating the Relative Safety Impact of Driver Distraction during Secondary Tasks ↗ · 2005 · Smith, David L. et al. · indexed
196. Changing drivers or changing systems: A review of interventions for managing driver distraction ↗ · 2026 · Abedi, Masoumeh et al. · indexed
197. Influence of urban road infrastructure on drivers’ gaze behavior ↗ · 2025 · Hristov, Borislav et al. · indexed
198. The Impact of driver distraction and secondary tasks with and without other co-occurring driving behaviors on the level of road traffic crashes ↗ · 2021 · Jazayeri, Ali et al. · indexed
199. Distraction and related risk factors among professional and non-professional drivers ↗ · 2024 · Razzaghi, Alireza et al. · indexed
200. Assessing Driver Distraction Due to In-Vehicle Video Systems through Field Testing at the Pecos Research and Testing Center ↗ · 2007 · Funkhouser, Dillon et al. · indexed
201. A simulator evaluation of the effects of attention maintenance training on glance distributions of younger novice drivers inside and outside the vehicle ↗ · 2013 · Divekar, Gautam et al. · indexed
202. Distraction beyond the driver ↗ · 2013 · Salvucci, Dario D. · indexed
203. Driver Attention And The Built Environment Initial, Findings From A Naturalistic Driving Study ↗ · 2021 · Tice, Patricia et al. · indexed
204. Driving Under Involuntary Distraction and Varied Perceptual Loads ↗ · 2016 · Hoekstra-Atwood, Liberty et al. · indexed
205. Analysis of Naturalistic Driving Data to Assess Distraction and Drowsiness in Drivers of Commercial Motor Vehicles · 2021 · Hammond, Rebecca L. et al. · archived
206. How do Environmental Factors Affect Drivers' Gaze and Head Movements? · 2021 · Tavakoli, Arash et al. · archived
207. Individual Differences and in-Vehicle Distraction While Driving: A Test Track Study and Psychometric Evaluation ↗ · 1999 · Tijerina, Louis et al. · indexed
208. Distracted driving and associated crash risks : tech summary. · 2014 · NHTSA · archived
209. Gaze Fixation System for the Evaluation of Driver Distractions Induced by IVIS · 2012 · Gil-Jiménez, Pedro et al. · archived
210. A machine learning approach to understanding the road and traffic environments of crashes involving driver distraction and inattention (DDI) on rural multilane highways ↗ · 2025 · Yang, Chenxuan et al. · indexed
211. Inattentional blindness and information relevance of variable message signs ↗ · 2020 · Thomas, Francene M.F. et al. · indexed
212. Are child occupants a significant source of driving distraction? ↗ · 2011 · Koppel, Sjaan et al. · indexed
213. Determining Sample Measures of Distracted Driving, Distracted Pedestrian Activities and Impacts of Such Behavior on Traffic Operations at Signalized Intersections · 2022 · Abou-Senna, Hatem et al. · archived
214. Distraction-induced driving error: An on-road examination of the errors made by distracted and undistracted drivers ↗ · 2012 · Young, Kristie L. et al. · indexed
215. The Impact of Driver Inattention on Near-Crash/Crash Risk: An Analysis Using the 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study Data · 2006 · Klauer, Sheila G. et al. · archived
216. Characteristics of Crashes Caused by Distracted Driving on Rural and Suburban Roadways in Jordan ↗ · 2021 · Al-Rousan, Taleb et al. · indexed
217. Event Detection: The Second Dimension of Driver Performance for Visual-Manual Tasks ↗ · 2012 · Young, Richard A. · indexed
218. An overview of driving distraction measure methods ↗ · 2009 · Qun Wu · indexed
219. Characterizing Technology's Influence on Distractive Behavior at Signalized Intersections · 2023 · Boni, Jobaidul Alam et al. · archived
220. Driver distraction · 2018 · Neyens, David Michael · archived
221. Distracted Driving and Associated Crash Risks : Research Project Capsule · 2012 · NHTSA · archived
222. Factors influencing subjective ranking of driver distractions ↗ · 2008 · Patel, Jayesh et al. · indexed
223. Mindfulness Predicts Driver Engagement in Distracting Activities · 2018 · Young, Kristie L. et al. · archived
224. Driver Hazard Response When Processing On-road and In-vehicle Messaging of Non-Safety-Related Information ↗ · 2020 · Deng, Yulin et al. · indexed
225. Proposal for Driver Distraction Indexes Using Biological Signals ↗ · 2012 · Ohkura, Michiko et al. · indexed
226. On the Effects of Listening and Talking to Humans and Devices on Driving ↗ · 2015 · Caird, Jeff K. · indexed
227. Driver Distraction and Inattention and their Role in Crashes and Safety-Critical Events ↗ · 2017 · Gordon, Craig P. et al. · indexed
228. Crash and Near-Crash Risk Assessment of Distracted Driving and Engagement in Secondary Tasks: A Naturalistic Driving Study ↗ · 2018 · Bakhit, Peter R. et al. · indexed
229. Distracted Driving Translational Research for Injury Prevention (TRIP) Laboratory · 2018 · Stavrinos, Despina · archived
230. Demand-Based Driver Distraction Quantitative Balance Model ↗ · 2011 · Wu, Zhizhou et al. · indexed
231. Classification of Driver Distraction Risk Levels: Based on Driver’s Gaze and Secondary Driving Tasks ↗ · 2022 · Zheng, Lili et al. · indexed
232. Driver distraction and inattention in the USA large truck and national motor vehicle crash causation studies ↗ · 2009 · Craft, R et al. · indexed
233. Effects of road infrastructure and traffic complexity in speed adaptation behaviour of distracted drivers ↗ · 2017 · Oviedo-Trespalacios, Oscar et al. · indexed
234. Gaze-Based Indicators of Driver Cognitive Distraction: Effects of Different Traffic Conditions and Adaptive Cruise Control Use ↗ · 2025 · Halin, Anaïs et al. · indexed
235. Texting While Driving: Computerized Eye Tracking as a Method to Assess Visual Distraction During Driving Simulations ↗ · 2025 · Litwiler, Scott et al. · indexed
236. Assessment of Truck Driver Distraction Problem and Research Needs · 2005 · Llaneras, Robert E. et al. · archived
237. Assessing Different Methods for Detection of Distracted Driving ↗ · 2023 · Woods, Amber N. et al. · indexed
238. Detection of Driver Cognitive Distraction Using Machine Learning Methods ↗ · 2023 · Misra, Apurva et al. · indexed
239. Assessing Driver Distraction Due to In-Vehicle Video Systems through Field Testing at the Pecos Research and Testing Center · 2007 · Funkhouser, Dillon et al. · archived
240. The impact of road traffic context on secondary task engagement while driving · 2023 · Cuentas-Hernandez, Sandra et al. · archived
241. Influence of built environment and roadway characteristics on the frequency of vehicle crashes caused by driver inattention: A comparison between rural roads and urban roads ↗ · 2021 · Wu, Peijie et al. · indexed
242. Susceptibility to Driver Distraction Questionnaire · 2014 · Feng, Jing et al. · archived
243. Using Naturalistic Vehicle-Based Data to Predict Distraction and Environmental Demand ↗ · 2019 · Kanaan, Dina et al. · indexed
244. Distracting or informative? Examining signage for cyclists using eye-tracking · 2022 · Aasvik, Ole et al. · archived
245. DRIVER DISTRACTION MEASUREMENT IN REAL ROAD TRAFFIC ENVIRONMENTS: AN INSTRUMENTED VEHICLE STUDY ↗ · 2020 · Mohd Siam, Mohd Firdaus et al. · indexed
246. NHTSA DRIVER DISTRACTION RESEARCH: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE ↗ · 2001 · Ranney, Thomas A. et al. · indexed
247. NHTSA DRIVER DISTRACTION RESEARCH: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE ↗ · 2001 · Ranney, Thomas A. et al. · indexed
248. Developing a Checklist for Cognitive Characteristics of Driving Scenarios in Dual-Task Studies: The Case of Cell Phone Use While Driving · 2019 · Pouyakian, Mostafa et al. · archived
249. Video-based detection and analysis of driver distraction and inattention ↗ · 2014 · Yun, Yixiao et al. · indexed
250. Effect of Electronic Device Use on Pedestrian Safety: A Literature Review · 2016 · Scopatz, Robert A. et al. · archived
251. A distraction index for quantification of driver eye glance behavior: A study using SHRP2 NEST database ↗ · 2019 · Bakhit, Peter R. et al. · indexed
252. The Impact of Driver Inattention on Near-Crash/Crash Risk: An Analysis Using the 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study Data · 2006 · Klauer, S. G. et al. · archived
253. Exploration of Contributing Factors of Different Distracted Driving Behaviors · 2019 · Shi, Jing et al. · archived
254. The Effect of Distraction Modality on Driver Performance ↗ · 2010 · Louw, Tyron · indexed
255. The evaluation of eye-catching effect in freeway tunnel entrance zone based on fixation behavior characteristics ↗ · 2023 · Han, Lei et al. · indexed
256. Examining the Relationships between Multimodal Environments and Multitasking Driving Behaviors ↗ · 2022 · Zou, Tianqi et al. · indexed
257. Effect of driver distraction contributing factors on accident causations – A review ↗ · 2019 · Chand, Arun et al. · indexed
258. An examination of driver distraction as recorded in NHTSA databases · 2009 · Ascone, Debra et al. · archived
259. Night Vision - Reduced Driver Distraction, Improved Safety and Satisfaction · 2009 · Fuchs, Klaus et al. · archived
260. Turning gap acceptance decision-making: the impact of driver distraction ↗ · 2002 · Cooper, Peter J. et al. · indexed
261. Detection of distracted driving through the analysis of real-time driver, vehicle, and roadway volatilities · 2024 · Usman, Sheikh Muhammad et al. · archived
262. Understanding driver distractions in fatal crashes: An exploratory empirical analysis ↗ · 2019 · Qin, Lingqiao et al. · indexed
263. The effects of brief visual interruption tasks on drivers’ ability to resume their visual search for a pre-cued hazard ↗ · 2016 · Borowsky, Avinoam et al. · indexed
264. Distraction of the Driver and Its Impact on Road Safety ↗ · 2020 · Tarkowski, Sławomir et al. · indexed
265. Business Logo Signing ↗ · 2013 · Dagnall, Erin E. et al. · indexed
266. In-vehicle driver distractions: characteristics underlying drivers’ risk perceptions ↗ · 2009 · Titchener, Kirsteen et al. · indexed
267. Driving context and visual-manual phone tasks influence glance behavior in naturalistic driving ↗ · 2014 · Tivesten, Emma et al. · indexed
268. Driver Distraction and Inattention ↗ · 2013 · Lee, John D et al. · indexed
269. The distracted mind on the wheel: Overall propensity to mind wandering is associated with road crash responsibility · 2017 · Cédric Gil‐Jardine et al. · archived
270. Computational Modeling of Driver Distraction by Integrating Cognitive and Agent-Based Traffic Simulation Models ↗ · 2014 · Nourzad, Seyed Hossein Hosseini et al. · indexed
271. Driver Distraction Using Visual-Based Sensors and Algorithms · 2016 · Fernández, Alberto et al. · archived
272. The importance of task duration and related measures in assessing the distraction potential of in-vehicle tasks ↗ · 2010 · Burns, Peter et al. · indexed
273. Selection of Measurement Method for Detection of Driver Visual Cognitive Distraction: A Review ↗ · 2017 · Yusoff, Norhasliza M. et al. · indexed
274. Distraction Assessment Methods Based on Visual Behavior and Event Detection ↗ · 2008 · Victor, Trent et al. · indexed
275. The impact of driver distraction on road safety: results from a representative survey in two Australian states ↗ · 2006 · McEvoy, S P et al. · indexed
276. Impact of non-driving related tasks while operating automated driving systems (ADS): A systematic review ↗ · 2023 · Pradhan, Anuj K. · indexed
277. Endogenous and Exogenous Effects on a Driving-Simulation Task ↗ · 2019 · Jose L. Vilchez · indexed
278. Distracted Driver Behaviors and Distracting Conditions Among Adolescent Drivers: Findings From a Naturalistic Driving Study ↗ · 2014 · Foss, Robert D. et al. · indexed
279. The effects of a distractor on the visual gaze behavior of children at signalized road crossings ↗ · 2010 · Egan, C. et al. · indexed
280. Driver Distraction and Stress Detection Systems: A Review ↗ · 2020 · Ghandour, Raymond et al. · indexed
281. A Roadside Study of Observable Driver Distractions ↗ · 2015 · Sullman, Mark J. M. et al. · indexed
282. Study of MTCNN-based driver gaze information visualization ↗ · 2022 · Kim, Hyung-Kyu et al. · indexed
283. The long road home from distraction: Investigating the time-course of distraction recovery in driving ↗ · 2019 · Bowden, Vanessa K. et al. · indexed
284. Analysis of Driver Gaze and Attention to Traffic Signs ↗ · 2022 · Shabani, Shabnam et al. · indexed
285. Drivers have constrained cognitive resources under cognitive and visual distraction: Safety implications for transitions of control from vehicle automation ↗ · 2026 · Gonçalves, Rafael C. et al. · indexed
286. Effects of roadside memorials on drivers’ risk perception and eye movements · 2019 · Beanland, Vanessa et al. · archived
287. Judging Thieves of Attention ↗ · 2015 · Hancock, Peter A. et al. · indexed
288. Signal-Adaptive and Uninhibited Driver Distraction During Crosswalk Approach: Evidence from the SHRP2 Naturalistic Driving Study ↗ · 2026 · Douglas, Grace et al. · indexed
289. Applying NHTSA task acceptance criteria to different simulated driving scenarios ↗ · 2015 · Large, David R et al. · indexed
290. Driver Inattention: A Contributing Factor to Crashes and Near-Crashes ↗ · 2005 · Klauer, Sheila G. et al. · indexed
291. Examining the effects of a signless roadway : holographic traffic control devices and their potential for replacing traditional post-mounted traffic control devices. · 2016 · Noyce, David A. (David Alan), 1961- et al. · archived
292. Distraction of cyclists: how does it influence their risky behaviors and traffic crashes? ↗ · 2018 · Useche, Sergio A. et al. · indexed
293. Driving under the influence of distraction: Examining dissociations between risk perception and engagement in distracted driving ↗ · 2016 · Rupp, Michael A. et al. · indexed
294. Classification of Driver's Neutral and Cognitive Distraction States Based on Peripheral Vehicle Behavior in Driver's Gaze Transition ↗ · 2016 · Hirayama, Takatsugu et al. · indexed
295. Conversation Disrupts Visual Scanning of Traffic Scenes ↗ · 2001 · McCarley, Jason S. et al. · indexed
296. A Contextual Analysis of Driver-Facing and Dual-View Video Inputs for Distraction Detection in Naturalistic Driving Environments · 2025 · Dontoh, Anthony et al. · archived
297. How do the type and duration of distraction affect speed selection and crash risk? An evaluation using naturalistic driving data ↗ · 2022 · Bamney, Anshu et al. · indexed
298. The Effects of Task Irrelevant Images on Glance Time for In-vehicle Systems ↗ · 2015 · Domeyer, Joshua E et al. · indexed
299. SPIDER ↗ · 2015 · Strayer, David L. et al. · indexed
300. Crashes involving distracted pedestrians: Identifying risk factors and their relationships to pedestrian severity levels and distraction modes ↗ · 2023 · Das, Subasish · indexed
301. Driver Distraction and Inattention: A Queuing Theory Approach ↗ · 2017 · Senders, John W. · indexed
302. Effect of Distraction Complexity on Driving Performance and Emergency Event Response ↗ · 2002 · Manser, Michael P. et al. · indexed
303. DEVELOPMENT OF TEST SCENARIOS FOR OFF-ROADWAY CRASH COUNTERMEASURES BASED ON CRASH STATISTICS ↗ · 2002 · Najm, Wassim G et al. · indexed
304. Exploring naturalistic driving data for distracted driving measures : [research project capsule]. · 2015 · Ishak, Sherif · archived
305. Evaluating driver distraction countermeasures ↗ · 2005 · Karlsson, Rikard · indexed
306. A Gaze-Based Driver Distraction Warning System and Its Effect on Visual Behavior ↗ · 2013 · Ahlstrom, Christer et al. · indexed
307. Distracted Driving Among Newly Licensed Teen Drivers · 2012 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
308. Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Distraction Among Public Transit Bus Drivers ↗ · 2014 · Griffin, Russell et al. · indexed
309. Attentional warnings caused by driver monitoring systems: How often do they appear and how well are they understood? ↗ · 2024 · Forster, Yannick et al. · indexed
310. What is the difference in driver’s lateral control ability during naturalistic distracted driving and normal driving? A case study on a real highway ↗ · 2019 · Wang, Chang et al. · indexed
311. Research and Design Considerations for Presentation of Non-Safety Related Information via In-Vehicle Displays during Automated Driving ↗ · 2022 · Cauffman, Stephen J. et al. · indexed
312. In-vehicle work zone messages : final report. · 2017 · Craig, Curtis M. et al. · archived
313. The impact of auditory advanced driver distraction warning devices on the behaviour of middle-aged drivers along urban roads ↗ · 2024 · Lioi, A. et al. · indexed
314. Factors influencing visual search in complex driving environments. · 2016 · Hunter, Michael P. et al. · archived
315. A Research Framework for Studying Transit Bus Driver Distraction · 2013 · D’Souza, Kelwyn A. et al. · archived
316. Automotive Collision Avoidance System Field Operational Test · 2005 · Llaneras, Robert E. et al. · archived
317. Conversation Disrupts Change Detection in Complex Traffic Scenes ↗ · 2004 · McCarley, Jason S. et al. · indexed
318. U33: Impact of Distraction and Health on Commercial Driving Performance Final Report · 2012 · Fine, Philip Russ et al. · archived
319. How do distracted and normal driving differ : an analysis of the ACAS naturalistic driving data · 2007 · Green, Paul E. et al. · archived
320. Keep Your Eyes on the Road: Young Driver Crash Risk Increases According to Duration of Distraction ↗ · 2014 · Simons-Morton, Bruce G. et al. · indexed
321. Glances That Matter: Applying Quantile Regression to Assess Driver Distraction from Off-Road Glances ↗ · 2018 · Liu, Shu-Yuan et al. · indexed
322. How Dangerous Is Looking Away From the Road? Algorithms Predict Crash Risk From Glance Patterns in Naturalistic Driving ↗ · 2012 · Liang, Yulan et al. · indexed
323. A methodological approach for studying public bus transit driver distraction ↗ · 2015 · D’souza, K.A. et al. · indexed
324. Isolating the Effect of Off-Road Glance Duration on Driving Performance: An Exemplar Study Comparing HDD and HUD in Different Driving Scenarios ↗ · 2021 · Smith, Missie et al. · indexed
325. Road sign vision and driver behaviour in work zones · 2019 · Vignali, Valeria et al. · archived
326. Driving impairments and duration of distractions: Assessing crash risk by harnessing microscopic naturalistic driving data ↗ · 2020 · Arvin, Ramin et al. · indexed
327. Ergonomics methods for identifying sources and effects of bus driver distraction ↗ · 2018 · Keffane, S · indexed
328. Effects of Cognitive Distraction on Checking Traffic Conditions for Changing Lanes ↗ · 2009 · Zhou, Huiping et al. · indexed
329. Exploring the effects of road type on drivers’ eye behavior and workload ↗ · 2022 · Yao, Kai et al. · indexed
330. Cognitive failure and driving distraction on private car drivers using naturalistic driving study ↗ · 2024 · Al Baihaqi, Hasby et al. · indexed
331. Systematic Review of Research on Driver Distraction in the Context of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems ↗ · 2021 · Pradhan, Anuj K. · indexed
332. Effect of visible presence of policing activities on drivers’ vigilance and intention to refrain from non-driving activities: A scenario-based survey of general Japanese drivers ↗ · 2019 · Nakano, Yukako et al. · indexed
333. The effects of cognitive distraction on behavioural, oculomotor and electrophysiological metrics during a driving hazard perception task ↗ · 2020 · Savage, Steven W. et al. · indexed
334. Using naturalistic driving study data to investigate the impact of driver distraction on driver's brake reaction time in freeway rear-end events in car-following situation ↗ · 2017 · Gao, Jingru et al. · indexed
335. Heatmap-Based Method for Estimating Drivers’ Cognitive Distraction ↗ · 2020 · Musabini, Antonyo et al. · indexed
336. Examining driver distraction in the context of driving speed: An observational study using disruptive technology and naturalistic data ↗ · 2021 · Iio, Kentaro et al. · indexed
337. Fatalities of Pedestrians, Bicycle Riders, and motorists Due to Distracted driving motor Vehicle Crashes in the U.S., 2005–2010 · 2013 · Stimpson, Jim P. et al. · archived
338. Distraction effects of navigation and green-driving systems – results from field operational tests (FOTs) in the UK ↗ · 2015 · Morris, Andrew et al. · indexed
339. The Dynamic Signalization of Calamity Routes – A Driving Simulator Study · 2015 · Cornu, Joris et al. · archived
340. The Impact of Environmental Features on Drivers’ Situation Awareness Using Real-World Driving Scenarios ↗ · 2023 · Xing, Yilun et al. · indexed
341. Real-time monitoring of driver distraction: State-of-the-art and future insights · 2023 · Michelaraki, Eva et al. · archived
342. State-of-Knowledge on Distracted Driving Due to Portable Electronic Device Use: 2008 – 2022 Update [Traffic Tech] · 2024 · NHTSA · archived
343. Comparing the Effects of Visual Distraction in a High-Fidelity Driving Simulator and on a Real Highway ↗ · 2023 · Sun, Qinyu et al. · indexed
344. Distraction Effects of Manual Texting and Voice Messaging When Approaching Pedestrian Crossings on Urban Roads: a Driving Simulator Study · 2024 · Calvi, Alessandro · archived
345. Driver Cognitive Distraction Classification While Using Eco-driving Applications · 2024 · Lin, Rui et al. · archived
346. Traffic Sign Detection and Identification ↗ · 2013 · Inman, Vaughan W et al. · indexed
347. On the forces of driver distraction: Explainable predictions for the visual demand of in-vehicle touchscreen interactions ↗ · 2023 · Ebel, Patrick et al. · indexed
348. Gaze guidance reduces the number of vehicle-pedestrian collisions in a driving simulator ↗ · 2011 · Pomarjanschi, Laura et al. · indexed
349. Overhead Guide Sign Visibility Factors, Volume I: Final Report · 1989 · Stein, A. C. et al. · archived
350. Distraction in Commercial Trucks and Buses: Assessing Prevalence and Risk in Conjunction with Crashes and Near-Crashes [Tech Brief] · 2010 · NHTSA · archived
351. The Role Of Driver Inattention In Crashes; New Statistics From The 1995 Crashworthiness Data System · 1996 · NHTSA · archived
352. Distracted Driving: Strategies and State of the Practices · 2019 · Mitran, Elisabeta et al. · archived
353. Evaluation and Validation of Distraction Detection Algorithms on Multiple Data Sources ↗ · 2018 · Mehrotra, Shashank Kumar et al. · indexed
354. Impact of Temporary Browsing Restrictions on Drivers’ Situation Awareness When Interacting with In-Vehicle Infotainment Systems · 2022 · Meyer, Jason et al. · archived
355. Effects of an in-vehicle eco-safe driving system on drivers’ glance behaviour ↗ · 2019 · Li, Xiaomeng et al. · indexed
356. Examining the effects of an eco-driving message on driver distraction ↗ · 2013 · Rouzikhah, Hossein et al. · indexed
357. Delineation of Hazards for Older Drivers, Volume II: Appendixes · 1997 · Lerner, Neil D. et al. · archived
358. Distracted Motor Vehicle Driving at Highway–Rail Grade Crossings ↗ · 2015 · Tung, Li-Wei et al. · indexed
359. DRIVING DISTRACTION DUE TO DRONES · 2018 · Hurwitz, David S. et al. · archived
360. The Interaction of Cognitive Load and Attention-Directing Cues in Driving ↗ · 2009 · Lee, Yi-Ching et al. · indexed
361. Review of real-time visual driver distraction detection algorithms ↗ · 2010 · Ahlström, Christer et al. · indexed
362. Assessment of Driver Distraction at Work Zones with Portable Rumble Strip Deployments in Texas ↗ · 2023 · Ullman, Gerald L. · indexed
363. Mind wandering and driving ↗ · 2012 · Lagarde, E et al. · indexed
364. Assessing Driver Distraction From Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Under‐Bridge Inspection Trucks: A Driving Simulator Study Using Eye Tracker and EEG ↗ · 2026 · Kusha, Zainab Afzali et al. · indexed
365. Estimation of Cognitive Distraction from Driver Gazing ↗ · 2017 · Yoshizama, Akira et al. · indexed
366. Driver Understanding and Secondary Task Performance While Viewing Traffic Safety Messages on Dynamic Message Signs ↗ · 2023 · Ullman, Gerald L. et al. · indexed
367. Estimation of traffic sign visibility considering local and global features in a driving environment ↗ · 2014 · Doman, Keisuke et al. · indexed
368. What can the drivers’ own description from combined sources provide in an analysis of driver distraction and low vigilance in accident situations? ↗ · 2013 · Tivesten, Emma et al. · indexed
369. Mitigating effects of distraction: Drivers adjust speed and glance behaviour during secondary tasks in a driving simulator study ↗ · 2026 · Kummerer, Katharina et al. · indexed
370. Countermeasures for Distracted Driving: An Exploration Beyond the Scientific Literature · 2024 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
371. Effectiveness of Distracted Driving Countermeasures: An Expanded and Updated Review of the Scientific and Gray Literatures · 2022 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety et al. · archived
372. The impact of smart driving aids on driving performance and driver distraction · 2011 · Birrell, S.A. et al. · archived
373. Risk evaluation for in-vehicle sign information. · 2016 · Schlicht, Erik J. et al. · archived
374. Impact of Cognitive Distractions on Drivers’ Hazardous Event Anticipation and Mitigation Behavior in Vehicle–Bicycle Conflict Situations ↗ · 2020 · Ebadi, Yalda et al. · indexed
375. Driver Modeling for Detection and Assessment of Driver Distraction: Examples from the UTDrive Test Bed ↗ · 2017 · Hansen, John H.L. et al. · indexed
376. Using Eye-Tracking for Traffic Control Signage Design at Highway Work Zone ↗ · 2022 · Tang, Ming et al. · indexed
377. The evaluation of decorated camera housings – A driving simulator study ↗ · 2023 · Ross, Veerle et al. · indexed
378. Safety implications of infotainment system use in naturalistic driving ↗ · 2012 · Perez, Miguel A. · indexed
379. Research on the impact of driving environment complexity on driving safety based on Driver Sky View Index (DSVI). · 2026 · Quan, L et al. · archived
380. Beyond the Dashboard: Investigating Distracted Driver Communication Preferences for ADAS · 2024 · Hasan, Aamir et al. · archived
381. Review of driving performance parameters critical for distracted driving research ↗ · 2017 · Papantoniou, Panagiotis et al. · indexed
382. Distractions and the risk of car crash injury ↗ · 2002 · Lam, Lawrence · indexed
383. Sociodemographic, contextual and psychological factors predicting secondary task engagement: A nationwide interview study among car drivers in Germany ↗ · 2024 · Kreusslein, Maria et al. · indexed
384. Influence of Driver Distractions on the Likelihood of Rear-End, Angular, and Single-Vehicle Crashes in Missouri ↗ · 2009 · Ghazizadeh, Mahtab et al. · indexed
385. Analyzing the relationship between distracted driving and eye movement using multimodal data collected during car driving ↗ · 2022 · Uraki, Daigo et al. · indexed
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387. Research on Distracted Driving Identification of Truck Drivers Based on Simulated Driving Experiment ↗ · 2021 · Zhang, Weihao et al. · indexed
388. Crash risk associated with eyes-off-road duration by road control type and intersection type · 2025 · Han, Shu et al. · archived
389. The impact of smart driving aids on driving performance and driver distraction · 2011 · Birrell, Stewart A. et al. · archived
390. Multi-level Analysis of Distracted Drivers’ Glances: Enhancing the Robustness of the NHTSA Acceptance Criteria ↗ · 2017 · Lee, Ja Young et al. · indexed
391. The effect of cognitive distraction on perception-response time to unexpected abrupt and gradually onset roadway hazards ↗ · 2019 · D’Addario, Pamela et al. · indexed
392. Human-centric analysis of driver inattention ↗ · 2013 · Taib, Ronnie et al. · indexed
393. Cell phone communication and driver visual behavior ↗ · 2003 · Trbovich, Patricia et al. · indexed
394. Voluntary- and Involuntary-Distraction Engagement: An Exploratory Study of Individual Differences ↗ · 2018 · Chen, Huei-Yen Winnie et al. · indexed
395. How Common In-Car Distractions Affect Driving Performance in Simple and Complex Road Environments ↗ · 2017 · Nowosielski, Robert et al. · indexed
396. Effects of In-Vehicle Distracter Complexity on Driving and Emergency Response Performance · 2002 · Manser, Michael P. et al. · archived
397. Effects of Reading Text While Driving: A Driving Simulator Study · 2020 · Prevedouros, Panos D et al. · archived
398. The comparison of regional and urban transit bus driver distraction ↗ · 2014 · D’Souza, K. A. et al. · indexed
399. Visual context capture and analysis for driver attention monitoring ↗ · 2005 · McCall, J.C. et al. · indexed
400. Strategies for reducing driver distraction from in-vehicle telematics devices : a discussion document · 2003 · Transport Canada, Road Safety and Motor Vehicle Regulations Directorate · archived
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404. Driver Distraction Detection with a Camera Vision System ↗ · 2007 · Kutila, Matti et al. · indexed
405. Evaluating the effects of the route guidance variable message signs on driving behaviors—a driving simulation study ↗ · 2023 · Jing, Difei et al. · indexed
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407. Detecting Driver Distraction · 2018 · Eskenazi, Maxine et al. · archived
408. A temporal analysis of crash injury severities in multivehicle crashes involving distracted and non-distracted driving on tollways ↗ · 2023 · Xing, Lu et al. · indexed
409. Driving without a Clue ↗ · 2007 · Muttart, Jeffrey W. et al. · indexed
410. Study on Driver Distraction Indexes Using Biological Signals Applying Assessment of Information Display ↗ · 2013 · Ohkura, Michiko et al. · indexed
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412. Differential Effects of Focal and Ambient Visual Processing Demands on Driving Performance ↗ · 2009 · Lenneman, John K et al. · indexed
413. Assessing Road Sign Perception: A Methodological Review ↗ · 2000 · Martens, Marieke · indexed
414. Texting While Driving: A Literature Review on Driving Simulator Studies ↗ · 2023 · Voinea, Gheorghe-Daniel et al. · indexed
415. Distracted Driving Using Mobile Phone ↗ · 2021 · Ali, Atheer Muhammed · indexed
416. An XGBoost approach to detect driver visual distraction based on vehicle dynamics ↗ · 2023 · Guo, Yongqiang et al. · indexed
417. Proactive Evaluation of Traffic Signs Using a Traffic Sign Simulator · 2015 · De Ceunynck, Tim et al. · archived
418. The effect of navigation display clutter on performance and attention allocation in presentation- and simulator-based driving experiments ↗ · 2018 · Pankok, Carl et al. · indexed
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420. Determining driver perceptions about distractions and modeling their effects on driving behavior at different age groups ↗ · 2022 · Gazder, Uneb et al. · indexed
421. In the lab and in the wild: How distraction and mind wandering affect attention and memory ↗ · 2018 · Varao-Sousa, Trish L. et al. · indexed
422. Augmented reality HUDS: warning signs and driver situation awareness ↗ · 2017 · Herbert, Andrew M. et al. · indexed
423. Metacognition and self‐regulation on the road: A qualitative approach to driver attention and distraction ↗ · 2022 · Love, Steven et al. · indexed
424. The effect of distraction, response mode and age on peripheral target detection to inform studies of lighting for driving ↗ · 2020 · Fotios, S et al. · indexed
425. Change detection in urban and rural driving scenes: Effects of target type and safety relevance on change blindness ↗ · 2017 · Beanland, Vanessa et al. · indexed
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433. Context-Aware Quantitative Risk Assessment Machine Learning Model for Drivers Distraction · 2024 · Fasanmade, Adebamigbe et al. · archived
434. Detection and Recognition of Driver Distraction Using Multimodal Signals ↗ · 2022 · Das, Kapotaksha et al. · indexed
435. Distraction and Drowsiness in Motorcoach Drivers: Research Brief · 2016 · NHTSA · archived
436. The use of meta-analysis or research synthesis to combine driving simulation or naturalistic study results on driver distraction ↗ · 2014 · Caird, Jeff K. et al. · indexed
437. Distractive or Supportive -- How Warnings in the Head-up Display Affect Drivers' Gaze and Driving Behavior ↗ · 2015 · Winkler, Susann et al. · indexed
438. Research framework for studying public transit bus driver distraction ↗ · 2013 · D’Souza, K. A. et al. · indexed
439. North American Approaches to Principles, Codes, Guidelines, and Checklists for In-Vehicle HMI ↗ · 2008 · Burns, Peter · indexed
440. Second-generation UMTRI coding scheme for classifying driver tasks in distraction studies and application to the ACAS FOT video clips. · 2006 · Yee, Serge et al. · archived
441. Incorporation of Driver Distraction in Car-following model based on Driver's Eye Glance Behavior ↗ · 2018 · Kim, Yeeun et al. · indexed
442. Quantifying Distraction Potential of Augmented Reality Head-Up Displays for Vehicle Drivers ↗ · 2018 · Kim, Hyungil et al. · indexed
443. Attentional differences in driving judgments for country and city scenes: Semantic congruency in inattentional blindness ↗ · 2013 · Pammer, Kristen et al. · indexed
444. Influence of Task Knowledge and Display Features on Driver Attention to Cluttered Navigation Displays ↗ · 2017 · Pankok, Carl et al. · indexed
445. Educating Younger Drivers in the Pacific Northwest Regarding the Dangers of Distracted Driving (Phase II) · 2015 · Hurwitz, David et al. · archived
446. Distracted Driving and Risk of Crash or Near-Crash Involvement Among Older Drivers Using Naturalistic Driving Data With a Case-Crossover Study Design ↗ · 2018 · Huisingh, Carrie et al. · indexed
447. Current Knowledge on Adolescent Driver Distraction ↗ · 2014 · Bingham, C. Raymond · indexed
448. Human Machine Interface for Connected Vehicle: Requirements, Development and Assessment · 2021 · Ahmed, Mohamed et al. · archived
449. Familiarity and Distraction Affect Drivers’ Responses to In-Vehicle Warnings for a Hazard that is Not Yet Visible ↗ · 2017 · Jenness, James W et al. · indexed
450. PERCEPTION OF HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SIGNS ↗ · 1971 · Häkkinen, Suvi et al. · indexed
451. Characterizing phone usage while driving: Safety impact from road and operational perspectives using factor analysis ↗ · 2021 · Das, Subasish · indexed
452. Effectiveness of Distracted Driving Countermeasures: A Review of the Literature · 2019 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
453. Driven to distraction ↗ · 2015 · Strayer, DL et al. · indexed
454. Is Talking to Your Car Dangerous? It Depends ↗ · 2015 · Lee, John D. et al. · indexed
455. Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Public Transit Bus Driver Distraction ↗ · 2012 · D'Souza, Kelwyn et al. · indexed
456. DRIVERS’ EYE GLANCE TRANSITIONS AND THE IMPLICATIONS ON THE MICROSCOPIC TRAFFIC AND ACCIDENT SIMULATION ↗ · 2017 · KIM, YEEUN et al. · indexed
457. Driving distraction detection based on gaze activity ↗ · 2021 · Zhang, Yingji et al. · indexed
458. Driver distraction in an unusual environment: Effects of text-messaging in tunnels ↗ · 2013 · Rudin-Brown, Christina M. et al. · indexed
459. Prevalence and dynamics of distracted pedestrian behaviour at railway level crossings: Emerging issues ↗ · 2022 · Larue, Grégoire S. et al. · indexed
460. Not All Hazards are Created Equal: The Significance of Hazards in Inattentional Blindness for Static Driving Scenes ↗ · 2015 · Pammer, Kristen et al. · indexed
461. Eye movement and brake reactions to real world brake-capacity forward collision warnings—A naturalistic driving study ↗ · 2013 · Wege, Claudia et al. · indexed
462. How is the duration of distraction related to safety–critical events? Harnessing naturalistic driving data to explore the role of driving instability ↗ · 2023 · Ahmad, Numan et al. · indexed
463. Driver Distraction: A Naturalistic Observation of Secondary Behaviors With the Use of Driver Assistance Systems · 2005 · Sayer, James R et al. · archived
464. Educating the Public About Distracted Driving and Evaluating Distraction-Prevention Technologies · 2022 · Jeihani, Mansoureh et al. · archived
465. Mind wandering during everyday driving: An on-road study ↗ · 2019 · Burdett, Bridget R.D. et al. · indexed
466. Moving Map Displays: Using CTIL and Eye Tracking Technologies to Measure Distraction in Locomotive Cabs · 2015 · Fisher, Donald L. et al. · archived
467. Evaluating the Effects of Connected Vehicle Weather and Work Zone Warnings on Truck Drivers’ Workload and Distraction using Eye Glance Behavior ↗ · 2020 · Raddaoui, Omar et al. · indexed
468. Drivers’ engagement in NDRTs during automated driving linked to travelling speed and surrounding traffic · 2023 · Liu, Xian et al. · archived
469. The Impact of Environmental Complexity on Drivers’ Situation Awareness ↗ · 2022 · Park, Sami et al. · indexed
470. Does attention capacity moderate the effect of driver distraction in older drivers? ↗ · 2015 · Cuenen, Ariane et al. · indexed
471. Effectiveness of Entertaining, Non-Traffic-Related Messages on Dynamic Message Signs · 2021 · Kondyli, Alexandra et al. · archived
472. Bilingual Variable Message Signs: A Study of Information Presentation and Driver Distraction · 2001 · Jamson, Samantha L et al. · archived
473. Evaluating Driver Preferences for In-Vehicle Displays during Distracted Driving Using Driving Simulators ↗ · 2024 · Li, Liang et al. · indexed
474. Partially Automated Vehicle Simulation for Studying Driver Distraction in Real Scenarios ↗ · 2024 · Bendahmane, Mohammed et al. · indexed
475. Driver Distraction Monitoring and Adaptive Safety Warning Systems ↗ · 2008 · Hammoud, Riad I. et al. · indexed
476. Discriminant analysis of transit operator distracted driving behaviors using naturalistic driving data ↗ · 2014 · Arbie, Nurlayla et al. · indexed
477. Classification of Driver Distraction: A Comprehensive Analysis of Feature Generation, Machine Learning, and Input Measures ↗ · 2019 · McDonald, Anthony D. et al. · indexed
478. Sharing the responsibility for driver distraction across road transport systems: A systems approach to the management of distracted driving ↗ · 2015 · Young, Kristie L. et al. · indexed
479. The Effects of Sensory Modality and Information Priority on In-Vehicle Signing and Information Systems ↗ · 1994 · Mollenhauer, Michael et al. · indexed
480. Landscape heritage objects’ effect on driving: A combined driving simulator and questionnaire study ↗ · 2014 · Antonson, Hans et al. · indexed
481. An empirical study to examine sex differences in cognitive distraction among drivers ↗ · 2010 · Azman, Afizan et al. · indexed
482. Multimodal Physiological Assessment of the Task-related Attentional States in a VR Driving Environment ↗ · 2022 · Zhu, Wenchao et al. · indexed
483. Examining Distracted Drivers' Underestimation of Time and Overestimation of Speed · 2017 · Knodler, Michael A. et al. · archived
484. ARe you watching the road? Comparing Gaze Behaviour and Hazard Prediction between Heads-Up and Heads-Down NDRT Presentation in Augmented Reality ↗ · 2026 · Goodge, Thomas et al. · indexed
485. Driver Distraction ↗ · 2008 · Regan, Michael et al. · indexed
486. Analysis of Signage using Eye-Tracking Technology ↗ · 2020 · Tang, Ming · indexed
487. Driver inattention detection methods: A review ↗ · 2012 · Arun, S et al. · indexed
488. Driver Distraction: Are We Mistaking a Symptom for the Problem? ↗ · 2013 · Curry, David et al. · indexed
489. Signal evaluation environment: a new method for the design of peripheral in-vehicle warning signals ↗ · 2011 · Werneke, Julia et al. · indexed
490. Comparative Analysis of Motorcyclists’ Gaze Behavior in Different Road Environments ↗ · 2021 · Lemonakis, Panagiotis et al. · indexed
491. Effect of Driver Distraction on Traffic Flow Stability via Desired Safety Margin Model ↗ · 2018 · Zhang, Junjie et al. · indexed
492. The influence of image valence on visual attention and perception of risk in drivers ↗ · 2014 · Jones, M.P. et al. · indexed
493. Advanced Traveler Information Systems and Commercial Vehicle Operations Components of the Intelligent Transportation Systems: Head-up Displays and Driver Attention for Navagation Informantion · 1998 · Gore, BF et al. · archived
494. The Mind Wandering Phenomenon While Driving: An Exploratory Survey ↗ · 2026 · Butilă, Eugen Valentin et al. · indexed
495. WeD-4-2 A STUDY ON ATTENTION CONTROL OF AMBIENT VISUAL MARK FOR DRIVER ASSISTANT SYSTEMS ↗ · 2015 · TAKAHASHI, Hiroshi et al. · indexed
496. Driver Eye Scanning of Warning Signs on Rural Highways ↗ · 1981 · Zwahlen, Helmut T. · indexed
497. Driver Distraction Impact on Road Safety: A Data-driven Simulation Approach ↗ · 2021 · Kandeel, Amany A. et al. · indexed
498. Enhancing the Performance of a Model to Predict Driving Distraction with the Random Forest Classifier ↗ · 2021 · Ahangari, Samira et al. · indexed
499. Evaluation of before and after Measures to Curb Distracted Walking · 2021 · Akter, Samia et al. · archived
500. Effects of In-Vehicle Messaging on Mental Workload During Driving through Work Zones · 2017 · Craig, Curtis M et al. · archived
501. On-Road and In-Vehicle Delivery of Service Signs: Effects of Information Source and Age ↗ · 2019 · Deng, Yulin et al. · indexed
502. Research on Distracted Driving State Recognition and Its Impact Using an Ensemble Learning Model Based on Multimodal Information Fusion ↗ · 2026 · Ma, Dezhong et al. · indexed
503. Driver Response to Dynamic Message Sign Safety Campaign Messages · 2020 · Shealy, Tripp et al. · archived
504. Exploration of Social-Psychological Factors Leading to Distracted e-Bike Riding Among Delivery Workers · 2024 · Wu, Genhao et al. · archived
505. The impact of secondary tasks on drivers during naturalistic driving: Analysis of EEG dynamics ↗ · 2016 · Alizadeh, Vahid et al. · indexed
506. The Effects of Head-Up Display Clutter and In-Vehicle Display Separation on Concurrent Driving Performance ↗ · 2003 · Wickens, C. D. et al. · indexed
507. Driver performance and attention allocation in use of logo signs on freeway exit ramps ↗ · 2017 · Zahabi, Maryam et al. · indexed
508. The impact of distractions on young adult drivers with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) ↗ · 2010 · Reimer, Bryan et al. · indexed
509. Studying the Effects of Driver Distraction and Traffic Density on the Probability of Crash and Near-Crash Events in Naturalistic Driving Environment ↗ · 2013 · Tian, Renran et al. · indexed
510. The Paradox of Driving-Related Distraction: Driver Monitoring Systems Trigger Warnings During Overtaking Maneuvers ↗ · 2024 · Koniakowsky, Ina Marie et al. · indexed
511. Identifying Mental Frameworks Underlying Driver Behavior in Urban Contexts [Summary] · 2024 · Carver, DeWayne et al. · archived
512. An observational study of secondary task engagement while driving on urban streets in Iranian Safe Communities ↗ · 2016 · Torkamannejad Sabzevari, Javad et al. · indexed
513. Advanced Traveler Information Systems and Commercial Vehicle Operations Components of the Intelligent Transportation Systems: Head-Up Displays and Driver Attention for Navigation Information · 1998 · Hooey, B.L. et al. · archived
514. Distractive Tasks and the Influence of Driver Attributes ↗ · 2021 · Soares, Sónia et al. · indexed
515. Using Microworlds to Design Intelligent Interfaces that Minimize Driver Distraction · 2001 · Kantowitz, Barry H · archived
516. Development of a driving VR prototype for distraction awareness employing eye tracking ↗ · 2017 · Blanco, Robin et al. · indexed
517. Vision-Language Hazard Reasoning for Driver Distraction and Workload Estimation ↗ · 2025 · Ng, Shu-Kay et al. · indexed
518. Young drivers’ eye movements and driving performance in the presence of a ringing cell phone ↗ · 2020 · Sansevere, Kayla et al. · indexed
519. U34: driver distraction : an inattention-mitigation component for behavior-based safety programs in commercial vehicle operations (IM-BBS) final report. · 2011 · Victor, Trent et al. · archived
520. Efficacité des alertes signalant un risque de collision par l’arrière chez le conducteur distrait ↗ · 2016 · Fort, Alexandra et al. · indexed
521. Behavioral Transportation: The Role of Psychological, Cognitive, and Social Factors in Distracted Driving Behavior ↗ · 2023 · Gabaldon, Janeth · indexed
522. Internal Distraction and Driving: Does It Show? ↗ · 2007 · Brouwer, Rino F T et al. · indexed
523. Effects of Guide and Logo Signs on Freeway Driving Behavior ↗ · 2015 · Pankok, Carl et al. · indexed
524. Occlusion as a measure for visual workload: an overview of TNO occlusion research in car driving ↗ · 2004 · van der Horst, Richard · indexed
525. Terms of debate: Consensus definitions to guide the scientific discourse on visual distraction · 2023 · Liesefeld, Heinrich R. et al. · archived
526. An Examination of the Efficacy of a Brief Educational Program on Driver Distraction ↗ · 2003 · Kramer, Arthur F et al. · indexed
527. Analyzing the Impact of Distractions on Driver Attention: Insights from Eye Movement Behaviors in a Driving Simulator ↗ · 2023 · Narayana, Pradeep et al. · indexed
528. 762 Driver distraction in road traffic. Preliminary results of safety campaign ↗ · 2016 · Jääskeläinen, Petri et al. · indexed
529. Objective assessment of the effects of texting while driving: a simulator study ↗ · 2014 · Bendak, Salaheddine · indexed
530. Effects of a Computer-Based Training Module on Drivers’ Willingness to Engage in Distracting Activities ↗ · 2009 · Horrey, William J. et al. · indexed
531. Impact of distracted driving on safety and traffic flow ↗ · 2013 · Stavrinos, Despina et al. · indexed
532. Drivers’ Visual Scanning Impairment Under the Influences of Alcohol and Distraction: A Literature Review ↗ · 2015 · Shiferaw, Brook et al. · indexed
533. Considerations for the development of a driver distraction safety rating system for new vehicles · 2020 · Imberger, K · archived
534. Driver’s Cognitive Workload and Driving Performance under Traffic Sign Information Exposure in Complex Environments: A Case Study of the Highways in China ↗ · 2017 · Lyu, Nengchao et al. · indexed
535. A visual comparison of gaze behavior from pedestrians and cyclists ↗ · 2018 · Trefzger, Mathias et al. · indexed
536. A Temporal–Spatial Deep Learning Approach for Driver Distraction Detection Based on EEG Signals ↗ · 2022 · Li, Guofa et al. · indexed
537. Distracted Walking, Bicycling, and Driving: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mobile Technology and Youth Crash Risk ↗ · 2018 · Stavrinos, Despina et al. · indexed
538. Evaluation of Electrodermal Activity during Distracted Driving ↗ · 2022 · Gomero, Luis et al. · indexed
539. Visual in-car warnings: How fast do drivers respond? · 2018 · van der Heiden, Remo M.A. et al. · archived
540. Terms of debate: Consensus definitions to guide the scientific discourse on visual distraction · 2024 · Liesefeld, Heinrich R. et al. · archived
541. Perceptual and attentional effects on drivers’ speed selection at curves ↗ · 2004 · Charlton, Samuel G · indexed
542. The effects of travel information presentation through nomadic systems on driver behaviour ↗ · 2009 · Brookhuis, K. A. et al. · indexed
543. The notorious B.I.T: The effects of a ransomware and a screen failure on distraction in automated driving ↗ · 2023 · Payre, William et al. · indexed
544. Impact of Visual and Cognitive Distractions and Time Pressure on Pedestrian Crossing Behaviour: A Simulator Study ↗ · 2022 · Tian, Kai et al. · indexed
545. Driving and Side Task Performance: The Effects of Display Clutter, Separation, and Modality ↗ · 2004 · Horrey, William J. et al. · indexed
546. Detection of driver engagement in secondary tasks from observed naturalistic driving behavior ↗ · 2017 · Ye, Mengqiu et al. · indexed
547. Sensory and Cognitive Factors Affecting Automotive Head-Up Display Effectiveness ↗ · 1999 · Gish, Kenneth W. et al. · indexed
548. Traffic control device evaluation program : FY 2016. · 2017 · Brimley, Bradford K. et al. · archived
549. Improving performance of public transit buses by minimizing driver distraction ↗ · 2012 · D’Souza, K. A. et al. · indexed
550. Freeway Guide Sign Performance at Complex Interchanges: Reducing Information Overload · 2024 · Li, Yingfeng (Eric) et al. · archived
551. Method for the evaluation of distraction effects of head-up displays in vehicles using the example of smart glasses ↗ · 2023 · Wiedemann, Katharina et al. · indexed
552. Can Highlighting a Pedestrian’s Biological Motion at Night Mitigate the Negative Effect of Driver Distraction? ↗ · 2019 · Szubski, Ellen et al. · indexed
553. Driver Cognitive Distraction Recognition Based on Multi-Source Data from Simulated Driving Experiments ↗ · 2025 · Qu, Chixiong et al. · indexed
554. The Naturalistic Study of Distracted Driving: Moving from Research to Practice ↗ · 2011 · Hanowski, Richard Joseph · indexed
555. Driver Alerting in ADAS-Equipped Cars: A Field Study ↗ · 2023 · Cummings, M.L. et al. · indexed
556. How safe is tuning a radio?: using the radio tuning task as a benchmark for distracted driving ↗ · 2018 · Lee, Ja Young et al. · indexed
557. Simulated Driving Environment Impacts Mind Wandering ↗ · 2015 · Geden, Michael et al. · indexed
558. Drivers’ engagement in NDRTs during automated driving linked to travelling speed and surrounding traffic ↗ · 2024 · Liu, Xian et al. · indexed
559. A Review of Selected Factors Affecting Driver Distraction ↗ · 2022 · Haberka, Katarzyna et al. · indexed
560. Distracted Driving in Teens with and without ADHD · 2010 · Stavrinos, Despina · archived
561. Intelligent route guidance: will the new horse be as good as the old? ↗ · 2003 · Noy, Y. Ian · indexed
562. Quantitative Description of Informational Dimensions of Urban Freeways · 2004 · Tsyganov, Alexei et al. · archived
563. Cognitive load while driving impairs memory of moving but not stationary elements within the environment. ↗ · 2014 · Blalock, Lisa Durrance et al. · indexed
564. The effects of on-street parking and road environment visual complexity on travel speed and reaction time ↗ · 2012 · Edquist, Jessica et al. · indexed
565. Predicting the intention of distracted pedestrians at road crossings ↗ · 2022 · O'Dell, Amy L. et al. · indexed
566. Comparing a driving simulator to the real road regarding distracted driving speed · 2015 · Knapper, Allert et al. · archived
567. Experiencing moose and landscape while driving: A simulator and questionnaire study · 2015 · Antonson, Hans et al. · archived
568. Visual behaviour of train drivers: a comparative analysis of ETCS and a lineside signalling system ↗ · 2025 · Olsson, Niklas et al. · indexed
569. Targeting young driver emotions can reduce their cellphone distractions ↗ · 2023 · Hoseinzadeh Nooshabadi, Mehdi et al. · indexed
570. Driver distraction detection by in-vehicle signal processing ↗ · 2014 · Im, Seongsu et al. · indexed
571. Distracting behaviors among teenagers and young, middle-aged, and older adult drivers when driving without and with warnings from an integrated vehicle safety system ↗ · 2017 · Kidd, David G. et al. · indexed
572. What factors influence drivers’ response time for evasive maneuvers in real traffic? ↗ · 2012 · Dozza, Marco · indexed
573. The impact of texting on driver behaviour at rail level crossings ↗ · 2018 · Young, Kristie L. et al. · indexed
574. Driver Distraction ↗ · 2014 · Bengler, Klaus · indexed
575. Real-Time Detection of Driver Cognitive Distraction Using Support Vector Machines ↗ · 2007 · Liang, Yulan et al. · indexed
576. Good distractions: Testing the effects of listening to an audiobook on driving performance in simple and complex road environments ↗ · 2018 · Nowosielski, Robert J. et al. · indexed
577. Driver Distraction From the EEG Perspective: A Review ↗ · 2024 · Li, Guofa et al. · indexed
578. The Influence of Unmanned Aerial Systems on Driving Performance · 2020 · NHTSA · archived
579. Investigating “Texting while Driving” Behavior at Different Roadway Configurations Using a Driving Simulator Setting ↗ · 2021 · Al Aufi, Ayuob et al. · indexed
580. Assessing the Impact of Smartphone Usage while Driving in Work Zones · 2018 · Valdes Diaz, Didier M. et al. · archived
581. Driver Distraction Monitoring and Alerting System ↗ · 2019 · Walavalkar, Abhishek et al. · indexed
582. Eye and mouth movements extraction for driver cognitive distraction detection ↗ · 2012 · Azman, Afizan et al. · indexed
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584. Studying crash avoidance maneuvers prior to an impact considering different types of driver’s distractions ↗ · 2019 · Mahmoudzadeh, Ahmadreza et al. · indexed
585. Passenger-Driver Distinguishing Test for Pokémon Go · 2017 · Khanade, Kunal et al. · archived
586. Identification of Driver Distraction Based on SHRP2 Naturalistic Driving Study ↗ · 2021 · Liu, Zhiqiang et al. · indexed
587. Associations of distraction involvement and age with driver injury severities ↗ · 2015 · Donmez, Birsen et al. · indexed
588. Distraction and Mind-Wandering Under Load ↗ · 2013 · Forster, Sophie · indexed
589. Development of Human Factors Guidelines for Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) and Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO): Integration of ATIS and Crash Avoidance In-Vehicle Information: Preliminary Simulator Study. · 1999 · Kantowitz, B. H. et al. · archived
590. Alternative information signs : an evaluation of driver comprehension and visual attention. · 2015 · Hurwitz, David S. et al. · archived
591. Analysis of Drivers’ Eye Movements on Roundabouts: A Driving Simulator Study ↗ · 2021 · Azimian, Amin et al. · indexed
592. Driver Logo Sign Detection and Hazard Responses during Partially Automated Driving ↗ · 2020 · Cauffman, Stephen J. et al. · indexed
593. The effect of distractions on the crash types of teenage drivers ↗ · 2006 · Neyens, David M. et al. · indexed
594. On the impact of advanced driver assistance systems on driving distraction and risky behaviour: An empirical analysis of irish commercial drivers ↗ · 2023 · Masello, Leandro et al. · indexed
595. A Fuzzy-Logic Approach to Dynamic Bayesian Severity Level Classification of Driver Distraction Using Image Recognition · 2020 · Fasanmade, Adebamigbe et al. · archived
596. B-88 * Neurocognitive Correlates of Driving Behavior ↗ · 2014 · Kosmidis, M. et al. · indexed
597. Psychological factors for driver distraction and inattention in the Australian and New Zealand rail industry ↗ · 2013 · Naweed, Anjum · indexed
598. The effects of information relevancy on driving behavior ↗ · 2020 · Nilsson, Henrik et al. · indexed
599. Bicyclist-evoked arousal and greater attention to bicyclists independently promote safer driving · 2021 · Kim, Andy Jeesu et al. · archived
600. An Ontological Approach to Inform HMI Designs for Minimising Driver Distractions with ADAS ↗ · 2018 · Fan, Botao et al. · indexed
601. Incorporating the Theory of Planned Behaviour into Distracted Driving: Influencing Factors and Intervention Effects ↗ · 2023 · Zhang, L. et al. · indexed
602. Advert saliency distracts children's visual attention during task-oriented internet use ↗ · 2014 · Holmberg, Nils et al. · indexed
603. Not all minds wander equally: The influence of traits, states and road environment factors on self-reported mind wandering during everyday driving ↗ · 2016 · Burdett, Bridget R.D. et al. · indexed
604. Factors Affecting Glance Behavior when Interacting with In-Vehicle Devices: Implications from a Simulator Study ↗ · 2013 · Peng, Yiyun et al. · indexed
605. Effects of Distraction Type, Driver Age, and Roadway Environment on Reaction Times – An Analysis Using SHRP-2 NDS Data ↗ · 2017 · Higgins, Laura et al. · indexed
606. International Perspective ↗ · 2016 · Caird, Jeff K. et al. · indexed
607. The effects of distraction on younger drivers: A neurophysiological perspective ↗ · 2024 · Goldsworthy, Jake et al. · indexed
608. SAFECAR: A Brain–Computer Interface and intelligent framework to detect drivers’ distractions ↗ · 2022 · Martínez Beltrán, Enrique Tomás et al. · indexed
609. Fast Warning System for Driver of Distraction with Traffic Object Recognition by Image Processing ↗ · 2022 · Van Binh, Nguyen et al. · indexed
610. Cost of warning of unseen threats: Unintended consequences of connected vehicle alerts ↗ · 2015 · Chrysler, ST et al. · indexed
611. The Effects of Age and Distraction on Reaction Time in a Driving Simulator · 2001 · Owens, Justin M et al. · archived
612. Driver Distraction: Mechanisms, Evidence, Prevention, and Mitigation ↗ · 2022 · Regan, Michael A. et al. · indexed
613. Evaluating Drivers’ Understanding of Warning Symbols Presented on In-Vehicle Digital Displays Using a Driving Simulator ↗ · 2023 · Schwambach, Breno et al. · indexed
614. Driver’s Safety Assessment In Two-Lane Rural Road Work Zones · 2020 · Valdés-Díaz, Didier M et al. · archived
615. Understanding the distraction and behavioural adaptations of drivers when experiencing failures of digital side mirrors ↗ · 2020 · Pampel, Sanna M. et al. · indexed
616. Impacts of visual and cognitive distractions and time pressure on pedestrian crossing behaviour: A simulator study ↗ · 2022 · Tian, Kai et al. · indexed
617. Evaluation of Internal Factors in Driver Distraction ↗ · 2019 · Srihari, H.S. et al. · indexed
618. Effect of In-Vehicle Route Guidance Systems on Driver Workload and Choice of Vehicle Speed: Findings From a Driving Simulator Experiment ↗ · 2020 · Srinivasan, Raghavan et al. · indexed
619. Effects of display position of a visual in-vehicle task on simulated driving ↗ · 2005 · Wittmann, Marc et al. · indexed
620. Visual-Manual Distraction Detection Using Driving Performance Indicators With Naturalistic Driving Data ↗ · 2018 · Li, Zhaojian et al. · indexed
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622. Drivers' awareness of traffic sign information ↗ · 1991 · Macdonald, Wendy A. et al. · indexed
623. Impact of Cognitive Distractions on Drivers’ Anticipation Behavior in Vehicle-bicycle Conflict Situations ↗ · 2018 · Ebadi, Yalda et al. · indexed
624. Driver distraction detection via multi‐scale domain adaptation network ↗ · 2023 · Wang, Jing et al. · indexed
625. A multimodal dataset for various forms of distracted driving ↗ · 2017 · Taamneh, Salah et al. · indexed
626. The effects of distraction and age on reaction time in a driving simulator ↗ · 2010 · Owens, J. M. et al. · indexed
627. Perception of highway traffic signs and motivation ↗ · 1974 · Summala, Heikki et al. · indexed
628. Non intrusive physiological measurement for driver cognitive distraction detection: Eye and mouth movements ↗ · 2010 · Azman, Afizan et al. · indexed
629. What Is Going on? Situation Awareness on the Road ↗ · 2018 · Salmon, Paul M. et al. · indexed
630. Driving While Reading Using Google Glass Versus Using a Smartphone: Which is More Distracting to Driving Performance? ↗ · 2015 · He, Jibo et al. · indexed
631. Online Prediction of Driver Distraction Based on Brain Activity Patterns ↗ · 2015 · Wang, Shouyi et al. · indexed
632. Manual on Real-Time Motorist Information Displays · 1986 · Dudek, Conrad L. et al. · archived
633. Evaluating the Influence of Ambient State of a Car on the Cognitive Distracted State of the Driver ↗ · 2018 · Koma, Hiroaki et al. · indexed
634. Modeling safety risk perception due to mobile phone distraction among four wheeler drivers ↗ · 2017 · Rajesh, Raghunathan et al. · indexed
635. Sampling Biases Associated with Driver Distraction Tasks in a Simulated Environment ↗ · 2015 · Wu, Xingwei et al. · indexed
636. How fleeting emotions affect hazard perception and steering while driving: The impact of image arousal and valence ↗ · 2012 · Trick, Lana M. et al. · indexed
637. The Impact of Distraction Mitigation Strategies on Driving Performance ↗ · 2006 · Donmez, Birsen et al. · indexed
638. Understanding sexual activity while driving as a form of distracted driving ↗ · 2022 · Oviedo-Trespalacios, Oscar et al. · indexed
639. Combining Driving Automation Intent and Hazard Information with an Attention Reminder System: Is More Information Always Better? ↗ · 2025 · Kanaan, Dina et al. · indexed
640. Safety, Operational, and Energy Impacts of In-Vehicle Adaptive Stop Displays Using Connected Vehicle Technology · 2015 · NHTSA · archived
641. Detecting and mitigating driver distraction with motion capture technology: Distracted driving warning system ↗ · 2013 · Gallahan, S. L. et al. · indexed
642. Examining teen driver crashes and the prevalence of distraction: Recent trends, 2007–2015 ↗ · 2018 · Carney, Cher et al. · indexed
643. Effect of highway directional signs on driver mental workload and behavior using eye movement and brain wave ↗ · 2020 · Yang, Yanqun et al. · indexed
644. Monotony of road environment and driver fatigue: a simulator study ↗ · 2003 · Thiffault, Pierre et al. · indexed
645. Perceived Green at Speed: A Simulated Driving Experiment Raises New Questions for Attention Restoration Theory and Stress Reduction Theory ↗ · 2020 · Jiang, Bin et al. · indexed
646. 765 The impact of mind wandering on road safety ↗ · 2016 · Galéra, Cédric et al. · indexed
647. A reference level for assessing the acceptable visual demand of in-vehicle information systems ↗ · 2010 · Stevens, Alan et al. · indexed
648. Evaluating the Effect of Google Glass on Driver Distraction · 2018 · Fisher, Donald L. et al. · archived
649. Driving on Rough Surface Requires Care and Attention · 2017 · Kawamura, Akira et al. · archived
650. The influence of landscape intervention used as an alertness maintaining ‘tool’ on driving behaviour ↗ · 2021 · Zhang, Yu‐Le et al. · indexed
651. The effect of cellular phone use upon driver attention ↗ · 1993 · McKnight, A.James et al. · indexed
652. The Effectiveness of Safety Campaign VMS Messages - A Driving Simulator Investigation · 2007 · Jamson, A Hamish · archived
653. Effect of police mobile computer terminal interface design on officer driving distraction ↗ · 2017 · Zahabi, Maryam et al. · indexed
654. Attraction without distraction: Effects of augmented reality cues on driver hazard perception ↗ · 2010 · Schall Jr., M. et al. · indexed
655. Automosphere: Exploring Vehicle Heads-Up Display with Weather-Related Windshield Cues for Passive Fatigue Management · 2026 · Ensafjoo, Mohsen et al. · archived
656. Contributors to pedestrian distraction and risky behaviours during road crossings in Romania ↗ · 2017 · Hamann, Cara et al. · indexed
657. Evaluating the effects of bilingual traffic signs on driver performance and safety · 2005 · Jamson, Samantha et al. · archived
658. Looking out or Looking Away?—Exploring the Impact of Driving With a Passenger on Young Drivers’ Eye Glance Behavior ↗ · 2022 · Mehrotra, Shashank et al. · indexed
659. The Driver Distraction Detection Algorithm AttenD ↗ · 2017 · Kircher, Katja et al. · indexed
660. Self-report measures of distractibility as correlates of simulated driving performance ↗ · 2010 · Kass, Steven J. et al. · indexed
661. An Eye Gaze Heatmap Analysis of Uncertainty Head-Up Display Designs for Conditional Automated Driving ↗ · 2024 · Gerber, Michael A. et al. · indexed
662. Driver eye movements in relation to unfamiliar traffic signs: An eye tracking study ↗ · 2020 · Babić, Dario et al. · indexed
663. Testing the Effect of Road Traffic Signs′ Informational Value on Driver Behavior ↗ · 1992 · Fisher, James · indexed
664. The role of driver age in performance and attention allocation effects of roadway sign count, format and familiarity ↗ · 2017 · Zahabi, Maryam et al. · indexed
665. Age Differences in Visual Search for Traffic Signs During a Simulated Conversation ↗ · 2004 · McPhee, Lisa et al. · indexed
666. Measuring Usefulness of Crash Fact Signs on Speeding Behavior: A Case Study from Sahrawi Highway · 2025 · Alhomaidat, Fadi · archived
667. Are Electrodermal Activity-Based Indicators of Driver Cognitive Distraction Robust to Varying Traffic Conditions and Adaptive Cruise Control Use? · 2025 · Halin, Anaïs et al. · archived
668. Noncontact Multimodal Sensing for Driver Distraction Detection via Behavioral-Physiological Fusion ↗ · 2025 · Sun, Yuheng et al. · indexed
669. 764 The impact of working memory and selective attention on road safety ↗ · 2016 · Galéra, Cédric et al. · indexed
670. Bias caused by self-reporting distraction and its impact on crash estimates ↗ · 2012 · Hanley, Paul F. et al. · indexed
671. Analysis of driver behaviors during common tasks using frontal video camera and CAN-Bus information ↗ · 2011 · Jain, Jinesh J et al. · indexed
672. Driver Compensation ↗ · 2015 · Young, Richard A. · indexed
673. Assessment of the effectiveness of wrong way driving countermeasures and mitigation methods. · 2014 · Finley, Melisa D. et al. · archived
674. An exploratory study on the impact of typeface design in a text rich user interface on off-road glance behavior ↗ · 2012 · Reimer, Bryan et al. · indexed
675. A closed-loop crash warning system based on heterogeneous cues ↗ · 2011 · Gunaratne, Pujitha et al. · indexed
676. Towards multi-modal wearable driver monitoring: Impact of road condition on driver distraction ↗ · 2015 · Dehzangi, Omid et al. · indexed
677. The Inconvenient Truth About Mobile Phone Distraction: Understanding the Means, Motive and Opportunity for Driver Resistance to Legal and Safety Messages ↗ · 2021 · Wells, Helen et al. · indexed
678. The effect of communicational signals on drivers' subjective appraisal and visual attention during interactive driving scenarios ↗ · 2015 · Ba, Yutao et al. · indexed
679. Time-Dependency-Aware Driver Distraction Detection Using Linear-Chain Conditional Random Fields ↗ · 2020 · He, Baotian et al. · indexed
680. Distraction of Connected Vehicle Human–Machine Interface for Truck Drivers ↗ · 2020 · Yang, Guangchuan et al. · indexed
681. City and rural driving performance in healthy controls, MCI, and AD patients: preliminary results from a driving simulation experiment with the use of distraction (P6.183) ↗ · 2015 · Economou, Alexandra et al. · indexed
682. Changes in glance behaviour when using a visual eco-driving system – A field study ↗ · 2017 · Ahlstrom, Christer et al. · indexed
683. Investigation of Driver Comprehension of Traffic Information on Graphical Congestion Display Panels using a Driving Simulator · 2004 · Richards, Andy et al. · archived
684. Robust Deep Learning-Based Driver Distraction Detection and Classification ↗ · 2021 · Ezzouhri, Amal et al. · indexed
685. How is the Driver's Workload Influenced by the Road Environment? ↗ · 2017 · Bongiorno, Nicola et al. · indexed
686. 104 The influence of self-reported distractions on the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) in laboratory and field environments ↗ · 2021 · Bathurst, Nicholas et al. · indexed
687. Identifying the causes of road crashes in Europe. ↗ · 2013 · Thomas, Pete et al. · indexed
688. Divided attention in a reaction time index of traffic sign perception ↗ · 1981 · Testin, Frank J. et al. · indexed
689. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Visual and Auditory ADAS Alerts on Rural Roads Using a Driving Simulator · 2025 · Cruzado, Ivette et al. · archived
690. Driver Situation Awareness and Cognitive Workload Effects of Novel Interchange Configurations and Associated Signage · 2022 · Liu, Yunmei et al. · archived
691. Single-Vehicle Run-Off Road Crashes Because of Cellphone Distraction: Finding Patterns with Rule Mining ↗ · 2022 · Das, Subasish · indexed
692. Effectiveness of Crash Fact/Safety Message Signs on Dynamic Message Signs · 2021 · Savolainen, Peter T. et al. · archived
693. Effects of driver attention on rail crossing safety and : The effects of auditory warnings and driver distraction on rail crossing safety. · 2016 · Landry, Steven et al. · archived
694. Impacts of countermeasures on driving performance through drivers' attention in rural curves: a driving simulation study ↗ · 2023 · Wu, Hongyue et al. · indexed
695. Commercial Truck Driver Health and Safety ↗ · 2016 · Stavrinos, Despina et al. · indexed
696. Presentation factors and driver characteristics affecting road-sign registration ↗ · 1986 · Milošević, Staniša et al. · indexed
697. The Effects of Landmark Salience on Drivers’ Spatial Cognition and Takeover Performance in Autonomous Driving Scenarios ↗ · 2025 · Liu, Xianyun et al. · indexed
698. How does distraction affect cyclists’ severe crashes? A hybrid CatBoost-SHAP and random parameters binary logit approach ↗ · 2025 · Agheli, Ali et al. · indexed
699. Evaluating the Impact of Detour Messaging on Actual Driver Detour Behavior · 2022 · Acharya, Sailesh et al. · archived
700. Multimodal Detection of Driver Distraction · 2017 · Eskenazi, Maxine et al. · archived
701. Impact of In-Vehicle Displays Location Preferences on Drivers' Performance and Gaze ↗ · 2014 · Olaverri-Monreal, Cristina et al. · indexed
702. eHMI for All -- Investigating the Effect of External Communication of Automated Vehicles on Pedestrians, Manual Drivers, and Cyclists in Virtual Reality · 2026 · Colley, Mark et al. · archived
703. Detecting driver distraction using stimuli-response EEG analysis · 2019 · Bajwa, Garima et al. · archived
704. Distraction in the Driving Simulator: An Event-Related Potential (ERP) Study with Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Drivers ↗ · 2021 · Karthaus, Melanie et al. · indexed
705. Tracking-based detection of driving distraction from vehicular interior video ↗ · 2016 · Billah, Tashrif et al. · indexed
706. Applying the Health Belief Model to mobile device distracted driving ↗ · 2024 · Cox, Aimee E. et al. · indexed
707. Educating Idaho Teenage Drivers of the Dangers of Distracted Driving · 2017 · Larrea, Meagan et al. · archived
708. An Examination of the Effect of Google Glass on Simulated Lane Keeping Performance ↗ · 2015 · Young, Kristie L. et al. · indexed
709. Mobility and Market Research: Outdoor Advertising and the Commercial Ontology of the City ↗ · 2008 · Cronin, Anne M. · indexed
710. Driver’s cognitive distraction detection using AdaBoost on pattern recognition basis ↗ · 2008 · Miyaji, Masahiro et al. · indexed
711. Exploring Naturalistic Driving Study (NDS) Data and Roadway Information Database (RID) for Emerging Applications in Traffic Safety · 2016 · Ishak, Sherif et al. · archived
712. Developing a Driver-Centric Roadway Classification System with
Multidimensional Scaling ↗ · 2011 · Balk, Stacy et al. · indexed
713. Wrong Way Driving – Road Safety Audit Prompt List · 2013 · NHTSA · archived
714. Collision Avoidance Head-Up Display: Design Considerations for Emergency Services’ Vehicles · 2020 · Bram-Larbi, Kweku F. et al. · archived
715. Impact of Wind Turbine Distraction on Crash Severity: Assessment and Prediction Study · 2025 · Alhomaidat, Fadi et al. · archived
716. The Relative Importance of Pictorial and Nonpictorial Distance Cues for Driver Vision ↗ · 2001 · Flannagan, Michael J et al. · indexed
717. Driving Performance in a Simulator as a Function of Pavement and Shoulder Width, Edge Line Presence, and Oncoming Traffic · 2005 · Chrysler, Susan T. et al. · archived
718. Effectiveness of smart LED strips at mid-block crosswalks under distracted driving conditions ↗ · 2024 · Portera, Alberto et al. · indexed
719. Distraction and Inattention Countermeasure Technologies ↗ · 2011 · Victor, Trent · indexed
720. Commercial Driver Factors in Run-off-Road Crashes ↗ · 2012 · Peng, Yiyun et al. · indexed
721. SafeDriveMetrics - A Comprehensive Database for Visual, Cognitive, and Manual Distractions Using a Driving Simulator ↗ · 2025 · Mazumdar, Rahimul I. et al. · indexed
722. YOLO-Drive: Robust Driver Distraction Recognition under Fine-Grained and Overlapping Behaviors ↗ · 2026 · Yu, Zhichao et al. · indexed
723. Testing a Commercial BCI Device for In-Vehicle Interfaces Evaluation ↗ · 2017 · Louveton, Nicolas et al. · indexed
724. Analysis of HAZMAT truck driver fatigue and distracted driving with warning-based data and association rules mining ↗ · 2023 · Sun, Ming et al. · indexed
725. Do Attention-Seeking Safety Messages Shape Driver Behavior or Safety Outcomes? Evidence from Dynamic Message Signs ↗ · 2026 · Dumka, Ashutosh et al. · indexed
726. Real-Time Detection of Distracted Driving Behaviors Using Naturalistic Driving Study Data ↗ · 2023 · Ju, Yi et al. · indexed
727. The effects of text messaging on young novice driver performance ↗ · 2005 · Hosking, Simon G. et al. · indexed
728. Simulation Analysis on Driving Behavior during Traffic Sign Recognition ↗ · 2011 · Sun, Lishan et al. · indexed
729. A Novel Active Heads-Up Display for Driver Assistance ↗ · 2008 · Doshi, A. et al. · indexed
730. Cognitive processing of bilingual traffic signs: an eye-tracking study in a driving simulator ↗ · 2026 · David, Maximilian et al. · indexed
731. Human Factors Evaluation of an In-Vehicle Active Traffic and Demand Management (ATDM) System · 2016 · Sykes, Kayla · archived
732. Collision Detection in Cluttered Driving Scenes ↗ · 2015 · Lemon, Carissa M et al. · indexed
733. Influence of Roadside Infrastructure on Driving Behavior ↗ · 2007 · van der Horst, Richard et al. · indexed
734. Determining the Effectiveness of Graphic-aided Dynamic Message Signs in Work Zones · 2011 · Bai, Yong et al. · archived
735. Integration of ATIS and crash avoidance in-vehicle information : preliminary simulator study · 1999 · Bittner, A.C. et al. · archived
736. Driver Behavior Analysis for Safe Driving: A Survey ↗ · 2015 · Kaplan, Sinan et al. · indexed
737. Does Roadside Vegetation Affect Driving Performance?: Driving Simulator Study on the Effects of Trees on Drivers' Speed and Lateral Position · 2015 · Calvi, Alessandro · archived
738. Environmental Effects of Driver Distraction at Traffic Lights: Mobile Phone Use ↗ · 2023 · Alemdar, Kadir Diler et al. · indexed
739. Drivers and Driver Assistance Systems: How Well do They Match? ↗ · 2013 · Lund, Adrian K · indexed
740. Visual distraction increases the detection of an unexpected object in inattentional blindness ↗ · 2014 · Pammer, Kristen et al. · indexed
741. Wearable Driver Distraction Identification On-The-Road via Continuous Decomposition of Galvanic Skin Responses ↗ · 2018 · Dehzangi, Omid et al. · indexed
742. Investigating the Role of Roadway Environment in Driving Errors ↗ · 2011 · Salmon, Paul M. et al. · indexed
743. Fixation distance and fixation duration to vertical road signs ↗ · 2018 · Costa, Marco et al. · indexed
744. Simultaneous analysis of driver behaviour and road condition for driver distraction detection ↗ · 2011 · Rezaei, Mahdi et al. · indexed
745. Driving Simulator Studies of the Effectiveness of Countermeasures to Prevent Wrong-Way Crashes · 2015 · Boot, Walter R. et al. · archived
746. The impact of tunnel design and lighting on the performance of attentive and visually distracted drivers ↗ · 2012 · Kircher, Katja et al. · indexed
747. Test–Retest Reliability of the Susceptibility to Driver Distraction Questionnaire · 2015 · Marulanda, Susana et al. · archived
748. Mind wandering and driving: responsibility case-control study · 2012 · Galera, C. et al. · archived
749. Determining Sample Measures of Distracted Driving, Distracted Pedestrian Activities and Impacts of Such Behavior on Traffic Operations at Signalized Intersections [Brief] · 2023 · Ballard, Tricia (Labud) et al. · archived
750. The Detection of Visual Distraction using Vehicle and Driver-Based Sensors ↗ · 2016 · Schwarz, Chris et al. · indexed
751. Safety Enhancement by Detecting Driver Impairment Through Analysis of Real-Time Volatilities [Research Brief] · 2023 · Khattak, Asad J. · archived
752. Peer Passenger Influences on Male Adolescent Drivers' Visual Scanning Behavior During Simulated Driving ↗ · 2014 · Pradhan, Anuj K. et al. · indexed
753. Driver Distraction Recognition Based on Smartphone Sensor Data ↗ · 2018 · Xie, Jie et al. · indexed
754. Driver Distraction Detection Based on the True Driver’s Focus of Attention ↗ · 2022 · Huang, Tao et al. · indexed
755. Augmented Reality for Safer Pedestrian-Vehicle Interactions · 2018 · Noyce, David A. et al. · archived
756. Impact of Distracted Drivers on Individual and Group Behavior of Following Vehicles: A Networked Multi-Driver Simulator Study ↗ · 2018 · Xu, Jing et al. · indexed
757. The attraction of visual attention to texts in real-world scenes ↗ · 2012 · Wang, H.-C. et al. · indexed
758. The Study of Driver Distraction Characteristic Detection Technology ↗ · 2010 · Zhiqiang, Liu et al. · indexed
759. Effect of Road Markings and Traffic Signs Presence on Young Driver Stress Level, Eye Movement and Behaviour in Night-Time Conditions: A Driving Simulator Study ↗ · 2020 · Babić, Darko et al. · indexed
760. Traffic Signs and Real-World Driver Interaction ↗ · 2024 · Schnell, Thomas et al. · indexed
761. Riyadisi — Intelligent driver monitoring system ↗ · 2013 · Darshana, K. U. G. S. et al. · indexed
762. Towards Imbalanced Multiclass Driver Distraction Identification ↗ · 2022 · Das, Kapotaksha et al. · indexed
763. Vehicle Road Sign Controller System: A Man-Machine Interface to Reduce Collisions ↗ · 2007 · Beainy, Fares N. et al. · indexed
764. The Effects of Using a Virtual Agent to Signal Danger on Hazard Prediction Ability in Conditionally Automated Driving ↗ · 2026 · Goodge, Thomas et al. · indexed
765. Improve adaptive cruise control under driver distraction: Time headway compensation based on a random‐effect crash risk model ↗ · 2021 · Li, Penghui et al. · indexed
766. Effects of Task-Irrelevant Cars on Judgments of Deceleration and Time-to-Contact During Car-Following ↗ · 2012 · Levulis, Samuel J. et al. · indexed
767. Road Safety Scenario and Influencing Factors ↗ · 2026 · Shankar, K.V.R. Ravi et al. · indexed
768. Spotting Danger: How child and adult pedestrians assess distracted drivers in hazard perception ↗ · 2026 · Liu, Meng et al. · indexed
769. Public Perception of Safety Messages and Public Service Announcements on Dynamic Message Signs in Rural Areas · 2016 · Schroeder, Jeremy L. et al. · archived
770. Traffic Safety Facts: Distracted Driving 2009 · 2010 · NHTSA · archived
771. Effects of cognitive load on perceived internal and external distraction and their relationship with attentional control ↗ · 2023 · Rummel, Jan et al. · indexed
772. Multi-modal system to detect on-the-road driver distraction ↗ · 2018 · Dehzangi, Omid et al. · indexed
773. Non-intrusive Detection of Driver Distraction using Machine Learning Algorithms ↗ · 2010 · Fabio, Tango et al. · indexed
774. Can You Hazard a Guess?: Evaluating the Effect of Augmented Reality Cues on Driver Hazard Prediction ↗ · 2024 · Goodge, Thomas Alexander et al. · indexed
775. Exploring travelers’ behavior in response to dynamic message signs (DMS) using a driving simulator. · 2013 · Jeihani, Mansoureh et al. · archived
776. Detection of In-car Driver Distraction Activities With Recommendations ↗ · 2024 · Aljasim, Mustafa · indexed
777. Prediction of traffic sign vandalism that obstructs critical messages to drivers · 2017 · Khalilikhah, Majid et al. · archived
778. Augmenting Landmarks During the Head-Up Provision of In-Vehicle Navigation Advice ↗ · 2017 · Large, David R. et al. · indexed
779. Driving Home the Message ↗ · 2014 · Downs, Edward · indexed
780. Enhanced Generalization Performance in Deep Learning for Monitoring Driver Distraction: A Systematic Review ↗ · 2024 · Joel John M. et al. · indexed
781. Perceiving Accident Risks of Urban Naturalistic Driving Environments ↗ · 2024 · Wu, Na et al. · indexed
782. Computer vision and driver distraction: Developing a behaviour-flagging protocol for naturalistic driving data ↗ · 2014 · Kuo, Jonny et al. · indexed
783. The Restorative Effects of Roadside Vegetation ↗ · 2003 · Cackowski, Jean Marie et al. · indexed
784. Determination of Threshold of Road Nodes on Full-Span Overhead Variable Message Signs Based on Driver Visual Cognition Characteristics ↗ · 2025 · Zhao, Zilong et al. · indexed
785. Driver Distraction: A Perennial but Preventable Public Health Threat to Adolescents ↗ · 2014 · Bingham, C. Raymond · indexed
786. Effects of smartwatch usage on Children’s street-crossing behavior and visual attention allocation: An experimental study on street crossing in a real road environment ↗ · 2024 · Jiang, Kang et al. · indexed
787. Impact of visual distractors in virtual reality environments on sustained attention behavioral performance and EEG characteristics ↗ · 2025 · Ai, Xiaowen et al. · indexed
788. Do mindfulness interventions improve road safety? A systematic review ↗ · 2018 · Koppel, Sjaan et al. · indexed
789. Plight of the distracted pedestrian: a research synthesis and meta-analysis of mobile phone use on crossing behaviour ↗ · 2020 · Simmons, Sarah M et al. · indexed
790. A Simulator Evaluation of Driver Responses to Dynamic Warning Signs at Rural Intersections · 2021 · Stephens, Amanda et al. · archived
791. Browsing the information highway while driving: three in-vehicle touch screen scrolling methods and driver distraction ↗ · 2013 · Kujala, Tuomo · indexed
792. Need for Revised Total Eyes-Off-Road Criterion in the NHTSA Distraction Guidelines: Track Radio-Tuning Data ↗ · 2015 · Young, Richard A · indexed
793. Off Task Thinking Types and Performance Decrements During Simulated Automobile Driving ↗ · 2013 · Cowley, Jennifer A. · indexed
794. Enhancing Driving Safety Through Proper Message Design on Variable Message Signs · 2005 · Wang, Jyh-Hone et al. · archived
795. Are Electrodermal Activity-Based Indicators of Driver Cognitive Distraction Robust to Varying Traffic Conditions and Adaptive Cruise Control Use? ↗ · 2025 · Halin, Anaïs et al. · indexed
796. Distracted walking: Examining the extent to pedestrian safety problems ↗ · 2015 · Mwakalonge, Judith et al. · indexed
797. Driver Understanding of Sequential Portable Changeable Message Signs in Work Zones · 2007 · Ullman, Brooke R. et al. · archived
798. Impacts of Using Dynamic Features to Display Messages on Changeable Message Signs · 2005 · Dudek, Conrad L. et al. · archived
799. System Analysis of Information Reception and Processing for Driving Task ↗ · 2011 · Zariņš, Atis · indexed
800. Moving attention from the road: A new methodology for the driver distraction evaluation using machine learning approaches ↗ · 2009 · Tango, Fabio et al. · indexed
801. The ability of young, middle-aged and older drivers to inhibit visual and auditory distraction in a driving simulator task ↗ · 2020 · Karthaus, Melanie et al. · indexed
802. Driver's Distraction and Understandability (EOU) Change Due to the Level of Abstractness and Modality of GPS Navigation Information during Driving ↗ · 2014 · Lee, Bumho et al. · indexed
803. Gaze and Eye Tracking: Techniques and Applications in ADAS ↗ · 2019 · Khan, Muhammad Qasim et al. · indexed
804. The Effects of Divided Attention on Memory for Road Signs ↗ · 2021 · Foster, Nathaniel L. et al. · indexed
805. Drivers’ Perceptions of Vertical Traffic Signs and Their Implications for Road Safety: Evidence from a Field Survey ↗ · 2026 · Durmus, Tahsin et al. · indexed
806. Sleepiness/fatigue and distraction/inattention as factors for fatal versus nonfatal commercial motor vehicle driver injuries ↗ · 2005 · Bunn, T.L. et al. · indexed
807. Study on the Influence of Rural Highway Landscape Green Vision Rate on Driving Load Based on Factor Analysis ↗ · 2025 · Li, Hao et al. · indexed
808. Drivers and Road Signs: A Preliminary Investigation of the Capacity of Car Drivers to get Information from Road Signs ↗ · 1966 · Johansson, Gunnar et al. · indexed
809. Topographic map analysis for driver cognitive distraction ↗ · 2014 · Almahasneh, Hossam et al. · indexed
810. Support for distracted driving laws: An analysis of adolescent drivers from the Traffic Safety Culture Index from 2011 to 2017 ↗ · 2021 · Pope, Caitlin N. et al. · indexed
811. Visual engagement with urban street edges: insights using mobile eye-tracking ↗ · 2018 · Simpson, James et al. · indexed
812. The impact of guide sign informational density on driver cognitive load: An integrated simulator and real-world driving study ↗ · 2026 · Meng, Yunwei et al. · indexed
813. Passenger distractions among adolescent drivers ↗ · 2008 · Heck, Katherine E. et al. · indexed
814. Assessment of the effectiveness of connected vehicle weather and work zone warnings in improving truck driver safety ↗ · 2020 · Raddaoui, Omar et al. · indexed
815. Traffic management: Assessing various countermeasures to improve detection failure of changes in speed limit signals ↗ · 2017 · Harms, Ilse M. et al. · indexed
816. Improving teenage driver perceptions regarding the impact of distracted driving in the Pacific Northwest ↗ · 2015 · Hurwitz, David S. et al. · indexed
817. Pedestrians, vehicles, and cell phones ↗ · 2010 · Neider, Mark B. et al. · indexed
818. Using driving simulator to study the effect of crash fact signs on speeding behaviour along freeways ↗ · 2023 · Alhomaidat, Fadi et al. · indexed
819. The Impact of Adaptive Cruise Control on the Drivers’ Workload and Attention ↗ · 2024 · Lantieri, Claudio et al. · indexed
820. Factors affecting drivers’ off-road glance behavior while interacting with in-vehicle voice interfaces ↗ · 2023 · Zhang, Fangda et al. · indexed
821. Safety climate and the distracted driving experiences of truck drivers ↗ · 2015 · Swedler, David et al. · indexed
822. Rectification of legibility distance in a driving simulator ↗ · 2007 · Ting, Ping-Huang et al. · indexed
823. ResNet50 Architecture and AttenD Algorithm-based Driver Distraction Detection Method ↗ · 2025 · Liu, Xiaoyang et al. · indexed
824. Enhancing Motorist Understanding of Variable Message Signs ↗ · 2005 · Wang, Jyh-Hone et al. · indexed
825. Visual attention allocation between social and navigational cues during wayfinding: An eye-tracking study in virtual reality ↗ · 2026 · Orlu Özen, Gökçe et al. · indexed
826. Content of Variable Message Signs and On-Line Driver Behavior ↗ · 2000 · Peeta, Srinivas et al. · indexed
827. Traveler Information Requirements During Nonrecurring Events · 2019 · Balk, Stacy A. et al. · archived
828. Pokémon GO—A New Distraction for Drivers and Pedestrians ↗ · 2016 · Ayers, John W. et al. · indexed
829. Is offline media becoming the biggest driver of online engagement? A review of recent trends and opportunities ↗ · 2021 · Ramachandran, Srikanth et al. · indexed
830. An investigation into driver's perceptions of road flooding and adherence to signage ↗ · 2026 · Watkins, Matthew et al. · indexed
831. The UAB University Transportation Center update : Vol. 4, No. 1. · 2010 · NHTSA · archived
832. Neuroscientific Methods for Exploring User Perceptions While Dealing With Mobile Advertising: A Novel and Integrated Approach ↗ · 2022 · Mancini, Marco et al. · indexed
833. Visual Environment, Attention Allocation, and Learning in Young Children ↗ · 2014 · Fisher, Anna V. et al. · indexed
834. The Cognitive Benefits of Interacting With Nature ↗ · 2008 · Berman, Marc G. et al. · indexed
835. The cognitive psychology of everyday life* ↗ · 1981 · Baddeley, Alan · indexed
836. Public perception and attitudes about roadside vegetation : pre- and post-environmental education. · 2010 · Lucey, Anne et al. · archived
837. Attentional control of positive and negative visual emotional distraction ↗ · 2015 · Devue, Christel et al. · indexed
838. Does Watching Videos With Natural Scenery Restore Attentional Resources? ↗ · 2023 · Hartanto, Andree et al. · indexed
839. Eye Fixations on Advertisements and Memory for Brands: A Model and Findings ↗ · 2000 · Wedel, Michel et al. · indexed
840. Visual distraction, inhibitory control, and children’s math performance ↗ · 2026 · Lee, Kerry et al. · indexed
841. Effect of Distractors on Sustained Attention and Hyperactivity in Youth With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Using a Mobile Virtual Reality School Program ↗ · 2021 · Hong, Narae et al. · indexed
842. Instructional design complexity and pop-up notification interference: effects on attention allocation and information retention in virtual classrooms ↗ · 2025 · Wang, Yushan · indexed
843. Attention Crisis in Learning: Declining Student Focus in the Digital Distraction Era ↗ · 2026 · Shanti, Aziizah Kumala · indexed
844. Divided Attention in Persuasion ↗ · 1978 · Lockwood, Thomas · indexed
845. DARTS: Deceiving Autonomous Cars with Toxic Signs ↗ · 2018 · Sitawarin, Chawin et al. · indexed
846. The influence of thematic congruency, typicality and divided attention on memory for radio advertisements ↗ · 2013 · Martín-Luengo, Beatriz et al. · indexed
847. Do road maps have ethics? ↗ · 2024 · Byrne, Ian · indexed
848. Let's get this show on the road! Introducing the tourist celebrity gaze ↗ · 2020 · Canavan, Brendan · indexed
849. Traveler Information and Tourism: Assessment of Traveler Information and 511 Impacts upon Tourist Destinations and National Parks · 2004 · Zimmerman, Carol A. et al. · archived
850. Effects of roads on wildlife in an intensively modified landscape ↗ · 2000 · Underhill, J.E. et al. · indexed
851. Advertising Engagement: A Driver of Message Involvement on Message Effects ↗ · 2006 · Wang, Alex · indexed
852. Impact of Tourism of Off Road Driving on Vegetation Biomass, a Case Study of Masai Mara National Reserve, Narok, Kenya ↗ · 2018 · Akamai University, Hilo, HI. USA et al. · indexed
853. Arizona Highways Magazine’s Impact on Tourism: Final Report 568 · 2005 · Andereck, Kathleen L. et al. · archived
854. Driving Visions: Exploring the Road Movie ↗ · 2003 · Cudar, David · indexed
855. Is Product Placement Really Worse Than Traditional Commercials? Cognitive Load and Recalling of Advertised Brands ↗ · 2018 · Grzyb, Tomasz et al. · indexed
856. Off-Road Vehicles and the Fragile Desert ↗ · 1974 · Stebbins, Robert C. · indexed
857. Off the Road ↗ · 2022 · Pasqualoni, Michael · indexed
858. Effects of Bike Trails on Roe Deer and Wild Boar Habitat Use in Forested Landscapes ↗ · 2026 · Mikulka, Ondřej et al. · indexed
859. Gender and Age Related Effects While Watching TV Advertisements: An EEG Study ↗ · 2016 · Cartocci, Giulia et al. · indexed
860. Bi-objective optimization for last-mile routing of garbage trucks: Aesthetics and Public exposure ↗ · 2025 · Das, Aathira K. et al. · indexed
861. Chemical composition and oxidative potential of roadside PM(2.5) with associated health implications in urban Bangkok, Thailand. · 2026 · Zhang, Y et al. · archived
862. Fragmentation of Landscape as a Cause for Genetic Subdivision in Bank Voles ↗ · 2000 · Gerlach, Gabriele et al. · indexed
863. Just Off the Road ↗ · 2019 · Hardin, Jeff · indexed
864. Off-Road ↗ · 2025 · Williams, Allison R. L. et al. · indexed
865. The effects Of COVID-19 on restaurant industry: A perspective article. ↗ · 2020 · Alkasasbeh, Fadi · indexed
866. Borrowed Time, Borrowed World and Borrowed Eyes: Care, Ruin and Vision in McCarthy's<i>The Road</i>and Harrison's Ecocriticism ↗ · 2010 · Bruyn, Ben De · indexed
867. Off Road Show: Techno, Protest and Feral Theatre ↗ · 2005 · St John, Graham · indexed
868. Is There Voice Without Law? On <i>The Road</i> ↗ · 2015 · Macmillan, Fiona · indexed
869. Driving Through Time: The Digital Blue Ridge Parkway ↗ · 2012 · Amberg, Rob · indexed
870. Road Trip!: A Whiskers Hollow Adventure by Steve Light ↗ · 2020 · Quealy-Gainer, Kate · indexed
871. The Importance of Arabic Language on Advertising Content in Saudi Arabia ↗ · 2024 · Abdulaziz, Alotaibi · indexed
872. Synchronic approach to the study of exogenic changes in the contemporary Yorùbá language ↗ · 2023 · Oyinlola, Abdulsamad · indexed
873. Health and Cellular Impacts of Air Pollutants: From Cytoprotection to Cytotoxicity ↗ · 2012 · Andreau, Karine et al. · indexed
874. Pennington Corner: On the Road Again ↗ · 2023 · Jannuzzi, Christopher J. · indexed
875. Men Without Fingers, Men Without Toes ↗ · 2019 · Dobson, Kit · indexed
876. Digital Trade Development, Patient Capital and Corporate OFDI ↗ · 2025 · Li, Zihao · indexed
877. The China-Pakistan economic corridor boosted tourism industry in pakistan and digitalization of society ↗ · 2023 · Ali, Aqib · indexed