Applied Guidance
design guidelines
Actionable design guidance for vehicle interfaces and systems: HMI design recommendations, display and control layout guidance, warning design principles, voice interface guidelines, guidelines for limiting in-vehicle task demand such as the NHTSA visual-manual distraction guidelines. The information tells designers WHAT TO BUILD or avoid.
1363 paper(s) · newest first · see also all information types
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Human-Machine Interfaces and Vehicle Automation: A Review of the Literature and Recommendations for System Design, Feedback, and Alerts · 2022 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
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Towards guidelines and verification methods for automated vehicle HMIs · 2018 · Naujoks, Frederik et al. · archived
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Preliminary Human Factors Design Guidelines For Driver Information Systems · 1995 · NHTSA · archived
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Human-Machine interfaces and vehicle Automation: A review of the literature and recommendations for system Design, Feedback, and alerts · 2024 · Wang, Meng et al. · archived
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Traffic Safety Oriented and User Centered Human Machine Interface Design of In-vehicle Information System ↗ · 2006 · Ximin, Liu et al. · indexed
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Methodology for the design of automotive HUD graphical interfaces · 2018 · Villa-Espinal, Jesús et al. · archived
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Preliminary Human Factors Guidelines for Automated Highway System Designers. Volume 1: Guidelines for AHS Designers · 1995 · Levitan, Lee et al. · archived
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North American Approaches to Principles, Codes, Guidelines, and Checklists for In-Vehicle HMI ↗ · 2008 · Burns, Peter · indexed
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Preliminary human factors guidelines for automated highway system designers. Volume 1 : guidelines for AHS designers · 1998 · Levitan, Lee et al. · archived
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Safe Interaction for Drivers: A Review of Driver Distraction Guidelines and Design Implications ↗ · 2015 · Young, Richard et al. · indexed
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Usability testing of three visual HMIs for assisted driving: How design impacts driver distraction and mental models · 2023 · Perrier, Mickaël J. R. et al. · archived
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Human Factors Design Principles for the Driver-Vehicle Interface (DVI) ↗ · 2014 · Campbell, John L. et al. · indexed
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Using a user-independent approach for automotive human-machine interface assessment · 2018 · Biondi, F et al. · archived
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Ergonomics Specifications and Design of a HMI for an Informational Safe Driving Support System ↗ · 2001 · Nicolas, Laurent · indexed
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New knowledge and methods for mitigating driver distraction · 2018 · Geitner, Claudia · archived
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Human factors of in-vehicle driver information systems : an executive summary · 1997 · Green, P. · archived
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Spoken Dialog Planning to Reduce User Distraction in Mobile Environments · 2015 · Glass, James et al. · archived
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How can humans understand their automated cars? HMI principles, problems and solutions ↗ · 2018 · Carsten, Oliver et al. · indexed
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Human-Machine Interfaces and Vehicle Automation: The Effect of HMI Design on Driver Performance and Behavior · 2023 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
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Ergonomic Guidelines of Head-Up Display User Interface during Semi-Automated Driving ↗ · 2020 · Park, Kibum et al. · indexed
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Development of human factors guidelines for advanced traveler information systems and commercial vehicle operations : literature review · 1996 · Dingus, Thomas A. et al. · archived
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Human Factors Design Guidelines for Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) and Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO) · 1998 · Campbell, J. L. et al. · archived
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An Interactive Design using Human Computer Interaction for Autonomous Vehicles · 2020 · Shaikh, Asadullah · archived
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Multi-modal assessment of on-road demand of voice and manual phone calling and voice navigation entry across two embedded vehicle systems ↗ · 2015 · Mehler, Bruce et al. · indexed
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In-Vehicle Display Icons and Other Information Elements: Conduct Preliminary Assessment of Visual Symbols · 1999 · Lee, John D. et al. · archived
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In-Vehicle Display Icons and Other Information Elements Volume I: Guidelines · 2004 · Campbell, J. L. et al. · archived
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Human-Centered Design for an In-Vehicle Truck Driver Fatigue and Distraction Warning System ↗ · 2022 · Horberry, Tim et al. · indexed
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Inventory of In-Vehicle Technology Human Factors Design Characteristics ↗ · 2002 · Llaneras, Robert E. et al. · indexed
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User Interface Design Patterns for Infotainment Systems Based on Driver Distraction: A Colombian Case Study ↗ · 2022 · Alarcón, Juan et al. · indexed
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Developing Predictive Equations to Model the Visual Demand of In-Vehicle Touchscreen HMIs ↗ · 2017 · Large, David R. et al. · indexed
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Human Machine Interface for Connected Vehicle: Requirements, Development and Assessment · 2021 · Ahmed, Mohamed et al. · archived
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Distraction of Connected Vehicle Human–Machine Interface for Truck Drivers ↗ · 2020 · Yang, Guangchuan et al. · indexed
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The challenge of ADAS assessment: A scale for the assessment of the HMI of advanced driver assistance technology · 2018 · Biondi, FN et al. · archived
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22.1: <i>Invited Paper</i> : An Integrated HMI Concept for Driver Information and Driver Assistance Systems ↗ · 2007 · Knoll, Peter M. · indexed
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Principles for External Human–Machine Interfaces · 2023 · Wilbrink, Marc et al. · archived
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Development of Human Factors Guidelines for Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) and Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO) · 1996 · Clarke, DL et al. · archived
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Human-Machine Interfaces and Vehicle Automation: The Effect of HMI Design on Driver Performance and Behavior · 2023 · Wang, Meng et al. · archived
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From HMI to HMIs: Towards an HMI Framework for Automated Driving · 2020 · Bengler, Klaus et al. · archived
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From Manual Driving to Automated Driving · 2019 · Ayoub, Jackie et al. · archived
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Toward best practice in Human Machine Interface design for older drivers: A review of current design guidelines ↗ · 2016 · Young, Kristie L. et al. · indexed
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Strategies for reducing driver distraction from in-vehicle telematics devices : a discussion document · 2003 · Transport Canada, Road Safety and Motor Vehicle Regulations Directorate · archived
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Preliminary Human Factors Guidelines For Crash Avoidance Warning Devices · 1996 · NHTSA · archived
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Preliminary Human Factors Guidelines for Traffic Management Centers · 1999 · Kelly, Michael J. · archived
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Visual and Cognitive Demands of Using In-Vehicle Information Systems · 2017 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety et al. · archived
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Computational Models for In-Vehicle User Interface Design: A Systematic Literature Review · 2024 · Lorenz, Martin et al. · archived
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Visual and cognitive demands of using in-vehicle infotainment systems · 2017 · Cooper, JM et al. · archived
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In-Vehicle Information Systems Behavioral Model and Design Support: Final Report · 2000 · Hankey, J. M. et al. · archived
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Visual and cognitive demands of using in-vehicle infotainment systems · 2017 · Strayer, DL et al. · archived
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Development and evaluation of a human machine interface to support mode awareness in different automated driving modes · 2022 · Tinga, Angelica M. et al. · archived
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Enhancing interaction with the driving ecology through haptic interfaces ↗ · 2005 · Lee, J.D. et al. · indexed
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Route Guidance Systems: Getting it Right from the Driver's Perspective ↗ · 1996 · Burnett, Gary et al. · indexed
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The Influence of Spatio-temporal Based Human-Machine Interface Design on Driver Workload - A Case Study of Adaptive Cruise Control Using in Cutting-in Scenarios ↗ · 2022 · Wang, Wenjuan et al. · indexed
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Towards an Integrated Adaptive Automotive HMI for the Future · 2011 · Amditis, Angelos et al. · archived
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A Bibliometric Review of Human Factors-Based In-Vehicle Human-Machine Interface Design ↗ · 2026 · Gao, Ya et al. · indexed
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Basic collision warning and driver information systems : human factors research needs : summary report · 1998 · NHTSA · archived
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Human-Centered HMI Design for Level 3 Automated Driving Takeover Process ↗ · 2023 · Qiu, Yuqi · indexed
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Improving Usefulness of Automated Driving by Lowering Primary Task Interference through HMI Design ↗ · 2017 · Naujoks, Frederik et al. · indexed
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Constraining Design: Applying the Insights of Cognitive Work Analysis to the Design of Novel In-Car Interfaces to Support Eco-Driving · 2020 · Allison, Craig K. et al. · archived
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Evaluating Demands Associated with the Use of Voice-Based In-Vehicle Interfaces ↗ · 2016 · Strayer, David L. · indexed
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Effects of Voice Technology on Test Track Driving Performance: Implications for Driver Distraction ↗ · 2005 · Ranney, Thomas A. et al. · indexed
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On the forces of driver distraction: Explainable predictions for the visual demand of in-vehicle touchscreen interactions ↗ · 2023 · Ebel, Patrick et al. · indexed
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Assessing the visual and cognitive demands of in-vehicle information systems · 2019 · Strayer, DL et al. · archived
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Design Guidelines for Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS): The User Requirements Analysis ↗ · 1997 · Campbell, John L. et al. · indexed
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Human Factors-Based Icon Button Layout Design for In-Vehicle Information System Interface: A Driving Simulator Experiment Study ↗ · 2026 · Gao, Ya et al. · indexed
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On-Road Evaluation of In-vehicle Interface Characteristics and Their Effects on Performance of Visual Detection on the Road and Manual Entry · 2018 · Suh, Youngbo et al. · archived
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*JAMA Guideline for In-Vehicle Display Systems (*Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association) ↗ · 2005 · Kakihara, Masaki et al. · indexed
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First-Stage Evaluation of a Prototype Driver Distraction Human-Machine-Interface Warning System ↗ · 2021 · Mulvihill, Christine et al. · indexed
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HMI Design of Intelligent Vehicles Based on Multimodal Experiments of Driver Emotions ↗ · 2026 · Sun, Tongyue et al. · indexed
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Considerations for the development of a driver distraction safety rating system for new vehicles · 2020 · Imberger, K · archived
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The effect of human-machine interface modality, specificity, and timing on driver performance and behavior while using vehicle automation ↗ · 2024 · Wang, Meng et al. · indexed
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Augmented Reality Guidance for Control Transitions in Automated Driving ↗ · 2018 · Eriksson, Alexander et al. · indexed
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Driver Distraction with Wireless Telecommunications and Route Guidance Systems · 2000 · Tijerina, L. et al. · archived
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Using Hierarchical Task Analysis to Compare Four Vehicle Manufacturers’ Infotainment Systems ↗ · 2013 · Reagan, Ian J. et al. · indexed
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A Visual Study of In-vehicle Human-machine Interaction Interface ↗ · 2022 · Xu, Bingbing et al. · indexed
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In-Vehicle Display Icons and Other Information Elements: Literature Review · 1998 · Carney, Cher et al. · archived
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Human Factors Guidance for Intelligent Transportation Systems at the Highway-Rail Intersection · 2006 · Jenness, James W. et al. · archived
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The Development of A Potential Head-Up Display Interface Graphic Visual Design Framework for Driving Safety by Consuming Less Cognitive Resource of Driver ↗ · 2018 · Jiang, Lijun et al. · indexed
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IVI human factors strategy · 1999 · Ference, Jack · archived
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Development of human factors guidelines for advanced traveler information systems and commercial vehicle operations : definition and prioritization of research studies · 1997 · Kantowitz, B. H. et al. · archived
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Mitigating Driver's Distraction: Automotive Head-Up Display and Gesture Recognition System · 2019 · Lagoo, Ramesh et al. · archived
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Human–Machine Interface Design and Verification for an Automated Driving System Using System Model and Driving Simulator ↗ · 2019 · Yun, Sunkil et al. · indexed
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Haptic Icons: A Hands-On Approach to Haptic HMI in Automated Vehicles · 2025 · Sarabia, Joseba et al. · archived
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Effects of various in-vehicle human–machine interfaces on drivers’ takeover performance and gaze pattern in conditionally automated vehicles · 2024 · Shi, Jinlei et al. · archived
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Comparison of manual vs. speech-based interaction with in-vehicle information systems ↗ · 2009 · Maciej, Jannette et al. · indexed
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A multimodal notification interface for a driver assistance system ↗ · 2015 · Penenory, Victor Manuel et al. · indexed
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Driver-vehicle interfaces and interaction: where are they going? · 2009 · Damiani, Sergio et al. · archived
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External HMI for self-driving vehicles: Which information shall be displayed? ↗ · 2020 · Faas, Stefanie M. et al. · indexed
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Interfaces, autonomy, & interactions in automobile driving ↗ · 2004 · Boer, Erwin R. et al. · indexed
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Investigating screen complexity in the vehicle, how does design effect driver attention and task performance? ↗ · 2025 · Pearce, Kira et al. · indexed
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An Ontological Approach to Inform HMI Designs for Minimising Driver Distractions with ADAS ↗ · 2018 · Fan, Botao et al. · indexed
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In-Vehicle Information Systems Demand Model (Research Update) · 2000 · Dingus, Tom et al. · archived
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Haptic Interface for Vehicular Touch Screens · 2013 · Colgate, J. Edward et al. · archived
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Human Factors Guidelines for Transportation Management Centers · 2018 · Robinson, Emanuel et al. · archived
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Patterns in transitions of visual attention during baseline driving and during interaction with visual–manual and voice-based interfaces ↗ · 2021 · Reimer, Bryan et al. · indexed
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Ensuring Fast Interaction with HMI´s for Safety Critical Systems - An Extension of the Human-Machine Interface Design Method KONECT ↗ · 2024 · Saager, Marcel et al. · indexed
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Effect of In-Vehicle Route Guidance Systems on Driver Workload and Choice of Vehicle Speed: Findings From a Driving Simulator Experiment ↗ · 2020 · Srinivasan, Raghavan et al. · indexed
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The development of driver assistance systems following usability criteria ↗ · 2002 · Landau, Kurt · indexed
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User-Adaptive Interface with Reconfigurable Keypad for In-vehicle Information Systems ↗ · 2008 · Kim, Sangho et al. · indexed
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Effect of human–machine interface infotainment systems and automated vehicles on driver distraction ↗ · 2024 · Abbasi, Elahe et al. · indexed
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Preliminary Human Factors Review for the Intelligent Vehicle Initiative (Ivi) Program: Identification of Human Factors Research Needs · 1998 · Campbell, John L. et al. · archived
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Human-Machine Interfaces in Safety-Related Cooperative Driving Automation Systems ↗ · 2024 · Castellano, Andrea et al. · indexed
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Exploring External Human Machine Interface Design for Autonomous Vehicle to Pedestrian Communication: Insights from Discussions and Drawing Sessions ↗ · 2024 · Alhawiti, Ali et al. · indexed
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Driver Interaction, Needs, and Preferences for Steering-Wheel HMIs: An International Survey ↗ · 2026 · Gonçalves, Micael et al. · indexed
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Investigating the roles of touchscreen and physical control interface characteristics on driver distraction and multitasking performance. · 2016 · Ferris, Thomas K. et al. · archived
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Optimizing the HMI Design for the Takeover Request in Conditional Automated Driving ↗ · 2025 · Xi, Yu · indexed
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Design of visual, audio and tactile interfaces for new vehicle control systems ↗ · 1995 · Prynne, K.B.L. · indexed
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Using Glance Behaviour to Inform the Design of Adaptive HMI for Partially Automated Vehicles ↗ · 2022 · Ulahannan, Arun et al. · indexed
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Interface design considerations for an in-vehicle eco-driving assistance system · 2015 · Jamson, A. Hamish et al. · archived
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Taming the eHMI jungle: A classification taxonomy to guide, compare, and assess the design principles of automated vehicles' external human-machine interfaces ↗ · 2020 · Dey, Debargha et al. · indexed
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Unconstrained design: improving multitasking with in-vehicle information systems through enhanced situation awareness ↗ · 2019 · Skrypchuk, Lee et al. · indexed
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Enlightening mode awareness · 2023 · Mirnig, Alexander G. et al. · archived
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Applying participatory design to symbols for SAE level 2 automated driving systems · 2019 · Perrier, Mickaël J. R. et al. · archived
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A Cascaded Multimodal Natural User Interface to Reduce Driver Distraction ↗ · 2020 · Kim, Myeongseop et al. · indexed
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The impact of in-car human-machine interface prompt locations on driver attention resource redistribution: An event-related potential study ↗ · 2025 · Wang, Shirui et al. · indexed
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Visual and cognitive demands of manual and voice-based driving mode implementations on smartphones ↗ · 2023 · Monk, Chris et al. · indexed
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A reference level for assessing the acceptable visual demand of in-vehicle information systems ↗ · 2010 · Stevens, Alan et al. · indexed
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Guiding Driver Responses During Manual Takeovers from Automated Vehicles · 2023 · Greatbatch, Richard et al. · archived
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Evaluating the Visual Demand of In-Vehicle Information Systems ↗ · 2011 · Irune, Ainojie Alexander · indexed
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Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems (IVBSS): Human Factors and Driver-Vehicle Interface (DVI) Summary Report · 2008 · Green, P. et al. · archived
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Conceptualisation of the Human-Machine Interface of an Integrated Driver Monitoring and Emergency Handling System ↗ · 2000 · BEKIARIS, EVANGELOS et al. · indexed
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Smart Driving Assistance Systems: Designing and Evaluating Ecological and Conventional Displays ↗ · 2017 · Birrell, Stewart A. et al. · indexed
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Gestural Interaction with In-Vehicle Audio and Climate Controls ↗ · 2010 · Chung, Chongyoon et al. · indexed
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Integrated Capabilities in Heavy Vehicles: Human Factors Research Needs [Summary Report] · 1998 · NHTSA · archived
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Visual and cognitive demands of using Apple's CarPlay, Google's Android Auto and five different OEM infotainment systems · 2018 · Strayer, DL et al. · archived
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User-adaptive interface based on symbol matching for in-vehicle information systems ↗ · 2009 · Kim, Sangho et al. · indexed
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Development of Human Factors Guidelines for Advanced Traveler Information Systems and Commercial Vehicle Operations: Task Analysis of ATIS/CVO Functions · 1996 · Wheeler, William A. et al. · archived
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Human Factors Guidelines for Road Systems: Second Edition ↗ · 2012 · Campbell, John L. et al. · indexed
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Effects on driving performance of interacting with an in-vehicle music player: A comparison of three interface layout concepts for information presentation ↗ · 2011 · Mitsopoulos-Rubens, Eve et al. · indexed
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Human Factors Research on Future Automotive Instrumentation: A Progress Report ↗ · 1991 · Green, Paul et al. · indexed
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Research on Age-Friendly Design of In-Vehicle Human-Machine Interface Based on Kano-AHP Model—Focusing on the Elderly Driver Group ↗ · 2025 · He, Shiyu et al. · indexed
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The Research on Adaptive Operational Interface for Vehicle Equipments Based on Cognitive Experiments ↗ · 2015 · Xue, Qing et al. · indexed
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Human machine interface design for continuous support of mode awareness during automated driving: An online simulation ↗ · 2022 · Tinga, Angelica M. et al. · indexed
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Design considerationsfor the older population: A human-vehicle interface perspective ↗ · 2011 · Son, Joonwoo et al. · indexed
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Compendium Of Human Factors Projects Supporting The Intelligent Vehicle Initiative · 1999 · NHTSA · archived
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Human Factors Guidelines for Intelligent Transportation Systems at the Highway-Rail Intersection: Technical Report · 2007 · Lerner, Neil D. et al. · archived
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HUMAN-SYSTEM INTERFACE ISSUES IN THE DESIGN AND USE OF ADVANCED TRAVELER INFORMATION ↗ · 1998 · Dingus, Thomas A. et al. · indexed
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Human Factors Research Recommendations for the Development of Design Guidelines for Advanced Traveler Information Systems ↗ · 1993 · Dingus, Thomas A. et al. · indexed
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Human Factors in the Travtek Demonstration IVHS Project: Getting Information to the Driver ↗ · 1991 · Fleischman, Rebecca N. et al. · indexed
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The Rolling Robot and the Human Brain: Handover of the Driving Task in Automated Vehicles · 2024 · Roessger, Peter et al. · archived
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Challenges and Opportunities in Developing Next Generation In-Vehicle HMI Systems ↗ · 2019 · Williamson, Rebecca et al. · indexed
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Optimal Information Output in Urban Traffic Scenarios: An Evaluation of Different HMI Concepts ↗ · 2015 · Götze, Martin et al. · indexed
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How to obey the 7 commandments for natural language dialogue ↗ · 1996 · Krahmer, EJ Emil et al. · indexed
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In-vehicle displays: Driving information prioritization and visualization ↗ · 2013 · Olaverri-Monreal, Cristina et al. · indexed
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The impact of an adaptive user interface on reducing driver distraction ↗ · 2011 · Tchankue, Patrick et al. · indexed
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Drivers’ Attention to Dash-based Human-Machine Interfaces: The Effect of Partial Automation and Cognitive Load ↗ · 2025 · Qin, Hao et al. · indexed
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External Human–Machine Interfaces for Automated Vehicles in Shared Spaces: A Review of the Human–Computer Interaction Literature · 2023 · Brill, Sarah et al. · archived
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Visualizing Driving Maneuvers Through Peripheral Displays: A Comparative Study of HMI Modalities in Autonomous Vehicles ↗ · 2025 · Rottmann, Leonhard et al. · indexed
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Interface Design for Responsible Remote Driving: A Study on Technological Mediation · 2025 · Variati, Gabriella Emma et al. · archived
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Visual and cognitive demands of using Apple's CarPlay, Google's Android Auto and five different OEM infotainment systems · 2018 · Cooper, JM et al. · archived
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Recommendations Supporting Situation Awareness in Partially Automated Driver Assistance Systems ↗ · 2015 · Wulf, Felix et al. · indexed
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Comparing dynamic and static illustration of an HMI for cooperative driving ↗ · 2020 · Kraft, Ann-Kathrin et al. · indexed
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Assessing driver distraction from in-vehicle information system: an on-road study exploring the effects of input modalities and secondary task types · 2024 · Zhong, Qi et al. · archived
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In-vehicle crash avoidance warning systems : human factors considerations · 1997 · Huey, R. W. et al. · archived
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Human-Machine Interfaces for Handover from Automated Driving Systems: A Literature Review ↗ · 2020 · Greatbatch, Richard L. et al. · indexed
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Effects of User Interfaces on Take-Over Performance: A Review of the Empirical Evidence · 2021 · Kim, Soyeon et al. · archived
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Collision Avoidance Head-Up Display: Design Considerations for Emergency Services’ Vehicles · 2020 · Bram-Larbi, Kweku F. et al. · archived
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Combining Internal and External Communication: The Design of a Holistic Human-Machine Interface for Automated Vehicles ↗ · 2024 · Verstegen, Rutger et al. · indexed
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A user study of directional tactile and auditory user interfaces for take-over requests in conditionally automated vehicles ↗ · 2022 · Gruden, Timotej et al. · indexed
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A Systematic Review on Design Space of External Human-Machine Interface for Autonomous Vehicle ↗ · 2020 · Lee, Seul Chan · indexed
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The effects of voice system design components on driver workload ↗ · 2018 · Getty, D et al. · indexed
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Impact of In-vehicle Voice Control Systems on Driver Distraction ↗ · 2015 · Wu, Jiarui et al. · indexed
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Shape-Changing Interfaces in the Automotive Context: A Taxonomy to Aid the Systematic Development of Intuitive Gesture-Based eHMIs ↗ · 2022 · Dey, Debargha et al. · indexed
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Driver-Centric Design: Empirical Strategies for Optimizing the Visualization of Driving Information on Vehicle Liquid Crystal Display Dashboards ↗ · 2025 · Lin, Jin-Long et al. · indexed
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Human interface based on an interaction between driver's capability and task demands ↗ · 2018 · Sato, Toshihisa · indexed
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62‐3: <i>Invited Paper:</i> Human Interface Design in Transition from Automated Driving to Manual Driving ↗ · 2018 · Sato, Toshihisa · indexed
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Visual Feedback for In-Car Voice Assistants · 2026 · Marinissen, Thomas et al. · archived
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Updating the 2016 FAA Human Factors Design Standard (HF-STD-001B): Automation, Workstation Design, and Information Management · 2021 · Cardosi, Kim et al. · archived
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A Study on the Installation Layout of Driver Attention Warning for Business Vehicles ↗ · 2026 · Korea Safety Culture Society et al. · indexed
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BIONIC – ‘eyes-free’ design of secondary driving controls ↗ · 2005 · Porter, J Mark et al. · indexed
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Using Human-Machine Interfaces To Convey Feedback in Automated Vehicles · 2019 · Shull, Emily et al. · archived
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Effects of an 'Expert Mode' Voice Command System on Task Performance, Glance Behavior & Driver Physiology ↗ · 2014 · Reimer, Bryan et al. · indexed
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How to make large touch screens usable while driving · 2013 · Rümelin, Sonja et al. · archived
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Reducing driver distraction by improving secondary task performance through multimodal touchscreen interaction ↗ · 2019 · Farooq, Ahmed et al. · indexed
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Research and Design Considerations for Presentation of Non-Safety Related Information via In-Vehicle Displays during Automated Driving ↗ · 2022 · Cauffman, Stephen J. et al. · indexed
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Effects of Design Variables of In-Vehicle Touch Interface on Driving Performance, Glance Behavior, and Subjective Workload ↗ · 2020 · Lee, Seul Chan et al. · indexed
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Optimization of human-machine interface for fatigue driving problem ↗ · 2024 · Wei, Jinwu et al. · indexed
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A review of in-vehicle touchscreen safety and usability ↗ · 2026 · DeGuzman, Chelsea A. et al. · indexed
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Frequently Used Vehicle Controls While Driving: A Real-World Driving Study Assessing Internal Human–Machine Interface Task Frequencies and Influencing Factors ↗ · 2025 · Harms, Ilse M. et al. · indexed
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Desain Head-Up Display Berbasis Refleksi untuk Aplikasi Navigasi pada Mobil Menggunakan Metode Human-Centered Design ↗ · 2023 · Hermawan, Andrian Riza et al. · indexed
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Speech Feedback Reduces Driver Distraction Caused by In-vehicle Visual Interfaces ↗ · 2016 · Larsson, Pontus · indexed
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The Best Rated Human–Machine Interface Design for Autonomous Vehicles in the 2016 Grand Cooperative Driving Challenge ↗ · 2017 · Benderius, Ola et al. · indexed
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Age-Related Differences in the Cognitive, Visual and Temporal Demands of In-Vehicle Information Systems · 2019 · Cooper, Joel M. et al. · archived
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Human Factors Evaluation of an In-Vehicle Active Traffic and Demand Management (ATDM) System · 2016 · Sykes, Kayla · archived
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Crash Warning Interface Metrics: Final Report · 2011 · Lerner, Neil et al. · archived
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In-Vehicle Auditory Alerts Literature Review · 2022 · Jeon, Myounghoon et al. · archived
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Driver-passenger collaboration as a basis for human-machine interface design for vehicle navigation systems ↗ · 2016 · Antrobus, Vicki et al. · indexed
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In-Vehicle Voice Control Interface Evaluation: Preliminary Driver Workload and Risk Analysis · 2020 · Jenness, James et al. · archived
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Ecological IVIS design: using EID to develop a novel in-vehicle information system ↗ · 2012 · Young, Mark S. et al. · indexed
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User-centered Design Criteria in Next Generation Vehicle Consoles ↗ · 2016 · Gibson, Zara et al. · indexed
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Investigating the Effects of Pedestrian-to-Vehicle Human–Machine Interface Design Using Driving Simulator Experiment ↗ · 2022 · Abdel-Aty, Mohamed et al. · indexed
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Automotive HMI design and participatory user involvement: review and perspectives ↗ · 2016 · François, Mathilde et al. · indexed
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A User-Centered Approach to Adapt the Human-Machine Cooperation Strategy in Autonomous Driving · 2021 · Coeugnet, Stéphanie et al. · archived
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Creating informed public acceptance by a user-centered human-machine interface for all automated transport modes · 2022 · Mathis, Lesley-Ann et al. · archived
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Applying data visualisation for a rapid overview and comparison of HFE measures to evaluate in-vehicle interfaces ↗ · 2016 · Geitner, Claudia et al. · indexed
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Examining the effect of infotainment auditory-vocal systems' design components on workload and usability · 2019 · Biondi, FN et al. · archived
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Impact of In-Vehicle Displays Location Preferences on Drivers' Performance and Gaze ↗ · 2014 · Olaverri-Monreal, Cristina et al. · indexed
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Display formats and commercial vehicle operator (CVO) workload · 1997 · Carney, Cher et al. · archived
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Usability Evaluation—Advances in Experimental Design in the Context of Automated Driving Human–Machine Interfaces ↗ · 2020 · Albers, Deike et al. · indexed
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The impact of visual user interfaces on drivers’ understanding of driving control mode and hands-on steering wheel requirement in Level 2 automated vehicles · 2024 · Kim, Soyeon et al. · archived
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General Development Process for In-Vehicle Icons [tech brief] · 2003 · Campbell, John · archived
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Advanced Technologies for Communicating with Motorists: A Synthesis of Human Factors and Traffic Management Issues · 1992 · Balke, Kevin N. et al. · archived
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A user study of auditory, head-up and multi-modal displays in vehicles ↗ · 2015 · Jakus, Grega et al. · indexed
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The Impacts of Touchscreen and Physical Control Interface Characteristics on Driver Distraction and Attention Management ↗ · 2016 · Suh, Youngbo et al. · indexed
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Advancing Rich Visual Feedback on HUDs for In-Vehicle Voice Assistants ↗ · 2025 · Baghdadi, Mahmoud et al. · indexed
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Context-Triggered Factor of an In-vehicle Adaptive Human-Computer Interface Architecture Based on Context-Awareness and Multi-agent ↗ · 2022 · You, Fang et al. · indexed
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Driving and Side Task Performance: The Effects of Display Clutter, Separation, and Modality ↗ · 2004 · Horrey, William J. et al. · indexed
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Ecological Interface Design and Head-Up Displays: The Contact-Analog Visualization Tradeoff ↗ · 2021 · Schewe, Frederik et al. · indexed
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Multiple Sources of Safety Information from V2V and V2I: Redundancy, Decision Making, and Trust—Safety Message Design Report · 2015 · Richard, Christian M. et al. · archived
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Investigation Of Alternative Displays For Side Collision Avoidance Systems, Final Report · 1996 · NHTSA · archived
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An Evaluation of Inclusive Dialogue-Based Interfaces for the Takeover of Control in Autonomous Cars ↗ · 2018 · Politis, Ioannis et al. · indexed
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Multimodal Warnings Design for In-Vehicle Robots under Driving Safety Scenarios ↗ · 2022 · Wang, Jianmin et al. · indexed
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Visual and Cognitive Demands of Using Apple CarPlay, Google’s Android Auto and Five Different OEM Infotainment Systems · 2018 · Esplin, J et al. · archived
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Study of Night Vision Configuration with Augmented Reality in Automotive Context · 2023 · Singhal, Neha et al. · archived
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Bionic – “Eyes-Free” Design of Secondary Driving Controls ↗ · 2020 · Summerskill, Steve et al. · indexed
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Validations of Integrated Driver Vehicle Interface (DVI) Configurations ↗ · 2017 · Brown, James et al. · indexed
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An exploratory study on the impact of typeface design in a text rich user interface on off-road glance behavior ↗ · 2012 · Reimer, Bryan et al. · indexed
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The Effect of Haptic Support Systems on Driver Performance: A Literature Survey ↗ · 2015 · Petermeijer, Sebastiaan M. et al. · indexed
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A tactile interaction concept for in-car passenger infotainment systems · 2019 · Berger, Melanie et al. · archived
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Express What I Think: The Impact of External Human-Machine Interfaces on the Performance of Lane Change Maneuvers · 2025 · Li, Ruolan et al. · archived
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An Examination of Driver Eye Glance Behavior, Navigational Errors, and Subjective Assessments While Using In-Vehicle Navigational Systems With and Without Landmark Enhancements ↗ · 2017 · Tijerina, Louis et al. · indexed
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Design of head-up display interfaces for automated vehicles ↗ · 2023 · Stojmenova Pečečnik, Kristina et al. · indexed
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Age-related differences in the cognitive, visual, and temporal demands of in-vehicle information systems · 2020 · Cooper, JM et al. · archived
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Drivers’ Individual Design Preferences of Takeover Requests in Highly Automated Driving ↗ · 2019 · Brandenburg, Stefan et al. · indexed
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Linking the Detection Response Task and the AttenD Algorithm Through Assessment of Human–Machine Interface Workload · 2017 · Lee, Joonbum et al. · archived
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Rolling Out the Red (and Green) Carpet: Supporting Driver Decision Making in Automation-to-Manual Transitions ↗ · 2019 · Eriksson, Alexander et al. · indexed
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Additional Findings on the Multi-Modal Demands of “Voice-Command” Interfaces ↗ · 2016 · Mehler, Bruce et al. · indexed
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Parking Assistance System Based on Oral Instruction -Experiments Using Elderly Driver- ↗ · 2009 · Hashimoto, Naohisa et al. · indexed
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Haptic Seat Interfaces for Driver Information and Warning Systems ↗ · 2011 · Chang, Wonsuk et al. · indexed
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The impact of smart driving aids on driving performance and driver distraction · 2011 · Birrell, Stewart A. et al. · archived
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Measuring Cognitive Distraction in the Automobile III: A Comparison of Ten 2015 In-Vehicle Information Systems · 2015 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
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External Human-machine Interface Design for Automated Vehicles Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process ↗ · 2022 · Yang, Jing et al. · indexed
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Exploring drivers’ mental workload and visual demand while using an in-vehicle HMI for eco-safe driving ↗ · 2020 · Li, Xiaomeng et al. · indexed
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Fatigue and distraction warning system for autonomous vehicle drivers in the process of three-level autonomous driving · 2024 · Sun, Haoran · archived
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Visual aided speech interface to reduce driver distraction ↗ · 2019 · Kim, Guiyoung et al. · indexed
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The impact of smart driving aids on driving performance and driver distraction · 2011 · Birrell, S.A. et al. · archived
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The Effects of Voice Technology on Test Track Driving Performance: Implications for Driver Distraction ↗ · 2002 · Ranney, Thomas A. et al. · indexed
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Usability evaluation of a Volkswagen Group in-vehicle speech system ↗ · 2009 · Chang, Jackie C. et al. · indexed
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How Long Can a Driver Look? Exploring Time Thresholds to Evaluate Head-up Display Imagery ↗ · 2020 · Hannah Topliss, Bethan et al. · indexed
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Assessment of Drivers’ Perceptions of Connected Vehicle–Human Machine Interface for Driving Under Adverse Weather Conditions: Preliminary Findings From Wyoming ↗ · 2020 · Ahmed, Mohamed M. et al. · indexed
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Mental workload of voice interactions with 6 real-world driver interfaces · 2015 · Cooper, JM et al. · archived
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Exploring the Effects of Meaningful Tactile Display on Perception and Preference in Automated Vehicles · 2022 · Martinez, Kimberly D et al. · archived
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Designing Driver Interface for the UM-D's Low Mass Vehicle for China, India and the United States ↗ · 2005 · Natu, Mangesh et al. · indexed
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Desain Head-Up Display Berbasis Refleksi untuk Aplikasi Navigasi pada Mobil Menggunakan Metode Human-Centered Design ↗ · 2023 · Hermawan, Andrian Riza et al. · indexed
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Age-Related Differences in the Cognitive, Visual and Temporal Demands of In-Vehicle Information Systems · 2019 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
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Development of an Adaptive Human-Machine-Interface to Minimize Driver Distraction and Workload ↗ · 2013 · Westin, Matthew et al. · indexed
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A multimodal human-machine interface enabling situation-adaptive control inputs for highly automated vehicles ↗ · 2017 · Manawadu, Udara E. et al. · indexed
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Effects of Control Transition Strategies and Human-Machine Interface Designs on Driver Performance in Automated Driving Systems · 2024 · Leung, Chokiu et al. · archived
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Interaction Design of Closed Dark Cabin Driving Interface based on Situation Awareness · 2023 · Gong, Xiaodong et al. · archived
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Skill Acquisition While Operating In-Vehicle Information Systems: Interface Design Determines the Level of Safety-Relevant Distractions ↗ · 2009 · Jahn, Georg et al. · indexed
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Evaluation of in-vehicle HMI using occlusion techniques: experimental results and practical implications ↗ · 2004 · Baumann, Martin et al. · indexed
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Involving users in Automotive HMI design: Design evaluation of an interactive simulation based on participatory design · 2023 · Hai Le, Duc et al. · archived
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Development of Human-Computer Interactive Interface for Intelligent Automotive ↗ · 2020 · Jianan, Lyu et al. · indexed
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On the Forces of Driver Distraction: Explainable Predictions for the Visual Demand of In-Vehicle Touchscreen Interactions · 2023 · Ebel, Patrick et al. · archived
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Designing Multi-Modal Communication for Merge Negotiation with Automated Vehicles: Insights from a Design Exploration with Prototypes ↗ · 2025 · Gao, Ruolin et al. · indexed
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The effect of information from dash-based human-machine interfaces on drivers' gaze patterns and lane-change manoeuvres after conditionally automated driving ↗ · 2022 · Gonçalves, Rafael C. et al. · indexed
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Applying NHTSA task acceptance criteria to different simulated driving scenarios ↗ · 2015 · Large, David R et al. · indexed
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Evaluation of external HMI in autonomous vehicles based on pedestrian road crossing decision-making model ↗ · 2021 · JIANG, Qianni et al. · indexed
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Lookie Here! Designing Directional User Indicators across Displays in Conditional Driving Automation ↗ · 2020 · Nair, Pranav et al. · indexed
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From Car-Driver-Handovers to Cooperative Interfaces: Visions for Driver-Vehicle Interaction in Automated Driving ↗ · 2017 · Walch, Marcel et al. · indexed
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Toward Integrated Automation Status and Alerting Display Management Systems for Vehicles ↗ · 2022 · Moertl, Peter et al. · indexed
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Research on the Effects of in-Vehicle Human-Machine Interface on Drivers' Pre and Post Takeover Request Eye-tracking Characteristics ↗ · 2022 · Liu, Weimin et al. · indexed
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HMI Design for Chain-Braking Event Based on V2V Communication · 2023 · Yan, Song et al. · archived
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A Customizable Human/Vehicle Interface for Enhanced Operator Performance ↗ · 2007 · Jensen, Matthew et al. · indexed
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Language-based multimodal displays for the handover of control in autonomous cars ↗ · 2015 · Politis, Ioannis et al. · indexed
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Checklist for Expert Evaluation of HMIs of Automated Vehicles—Discussions on Its Value and Adaptions of the Method within an Expert Workshop ↗ · 2020 · Schömig, Nadja et al. · indexed
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Measuring Interaction-based Secondary Task Load: A Large-Scale Approach using Real-World Driving Data ↗ · 2021 · Ebel, Patrick et al. · indexed
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eHMI on the Vehicle or on the Infrastructure? A Driving Simulator Study ↗ · 2024 · Lingam, Shiva Nischal et al. · indexed
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Improving Drivers’ Hazard Perception and Performance Using a Less Visually-Demanding Interface ↗ · 2020 · Cohen-Lazry, Guy et al. · indexed
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Multimodal TOR interfaces for L3 autonomous vehicles: a tradeoff analysis of driver trust, cognitive load, and takeover efficiency ↗ · 2026 · Guo, Qi et al. · indexed
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Head-Up Displays and Distraction Potential · 2023 · Russell, Sheldon M. et al. · archived
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In-Vehicle Interface Adaptation to Environment-Induced Cognitive Workload · 2022 · Meiser, Elena et al. · archived
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Assessing Distraction Potential of Augmented Reality Head-Up Displays for Vehicle Drivers ↗ · 2022 · Kim, Hyungil et al. · indexed
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Effects of an in-vehicle eco-safe driving system on drivers’ glance behaviour ↗ · 2019 · Li, Xiaomeng et al. · indexed
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An experimental study to investigate design and assessment criteria: What is important for communication between pedestrians and automated vehicles? ↗ · 2019 · Ackermann, Claudia et al. · indexed
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Haptic and Auditory Interfaces as a Collision Avoidance Technique During Roadway Departures and Driver Perception of these Modalities · 2006 · Stanley, Laura Michelle · archived
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Psychophysiological evidence of mental workload and subjective anxiety from in-vehicle voice message complexity ↗ · 2026 · Restuputri, Dian Palupi et al. · indexed
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Minimal Risk Maneuvers of Automated Vehicles: Effects of a Contact Analog Head-Up Display Supporting Driver Decisions and Actions in Transition Phases ↗ · 2023 · Karakaya, Burak et al. · indexed
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Design and Evaluation of Ecological Interface of Driving Warning System Based on AR-HUD ↗ · 2024 · Ma, Jun et al. · indexed
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An Eye Gaze Heatmap Analysis of Uncertainty Head-Up Display Designs for Conditional Automated Driving ↗ · 2024 · Gerber, Michael A. et al. · indexed
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Is Users’ Trust during Automated Driving Different When Using an Ambient Light HMI, Compared to an Auditory HMI? · 2023 · Gonçalves, Rafael Cirino et al. · archived
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In-Vehicle Human Machine Interface: Investigating the Effects of Tactile Displays on Information Presentation in Automated Vehicles ↗ · 2022 · Martinez, Kimberly D. et al. · indexed
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Enhancing the Driver's Comprehension of ADS's System Limitations: An HMI for Providing Request-to-Intervene Trigger Information · 2023 · Matsuo, Ryuji et al. · archived
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Evaluation of different HMIs to improve operator hazard perception and user experience in teleoperation of automated shuttles ↗ · 2024 · Priya Srinivasan, Shanmuga et al. · indexed
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Human-Machine Interface Evaluation Using EEG in Driving Simulator · 2023 · Liu, Yuan-Cheng et al. · archived
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Designing Human-machine Collaboration Interface Through Multimodal Combination Optimization to Improve Takeover Performance in Highly Automated Driving ↗ · 2023 · Zhu, Jieyu et al. · indexed
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