Empirical Findings

behavioral performance data

Primary empirical findings about driver behavior and task performance: reaction times, brake response, lane-keeping variability, speed choice, headway, glance patterns and eyes-off-road time, secondary-task engagement, takeover time. New behavioral data collected from human participants and statistically analyzed. This is reporting measured performance outcomes, NOT a description of how to measure them (measurement_protocol) and NOT pooled results from other studies (quantitative_synthesis).

1639 paper(s) · newest first · see also all information types

  1. Naturalistic Driving Performance During Secondary Tasks · 2007 · Sayer, James et al. · archived
  2. Distractive Tasks and the Influence of Driver Attributes · 2021 · Soares, Sónia et al. · indexed
  3. Driver Workload Metrics Project: Task 2 Final Report · 2006 · U.S. Department of Transportation · indexed
  4. Identifying Deviations from Normal Driving Behavior · 2022 · Hananeh Alambeigi, H et al. · archived
  5. Brake Reaction Times and Driver Behavior Analysis · 2000 · Summala, Heikki · indexed
  6. Driver workload at higher speeds. · 2010 · Fitzpatrick, Kay et al. · archived
  7. Putting the Brakes on Autonomous Vehicle Control · 2016 · Funkhouser, Kelly et al. · indexed
  8. AN ALTERNATE METHOD TO EVALUATE DRIVER DISTRACTION · 2002 · Curry, Reates et al. · indexed
  9. Modeling Driver Behavior during Automated Vehicle Platooning Failures · 2021 · McDonald, Anthony D et al. · archived
  10. Central Interference in Driving · 2006 · Levy, Jonathan et al. · archived
  11. Vehicle Automation Field Test: Impact on Driver Behavior and Trust · 2020 · Morales-Alvarez, Walter et al. · archived
  12. Driver Distraction: Eye Glance Analysis and Conversation Workload · 2015 · Hickman, Jeffrey S. et al. · archived
  13. Driving Performance as a Function of Time on the Road · 1987 · Ranney, Thomas A. et al. · indexed
  14. How Long <i>Can</i> a Driver (Safely) Glance at an Augmented-Reality Head-Up Display? · 2020 · Faria, Nayara de Oliveira et al. · archived
  15. Detecting driver distraction · 2018 · Liang, Yulan · archived
  16. Exploring Naturalistic Driving Data for Distracted Driving Measures · 2017 · Ishak, Sherif S. et al. · archived
  17. Measuring Distraction: Task Duration and the Lane-Change Test (LCT) · 2005 · Burns, Peter C. et al. · indexed
  18. Driver Distraction in Commercial Vehicle Operations · 2009 · Olson, R.L. et al. · archived
  19. SPIDER 2.0: Driver Distraction and Visual Attention · 2025 · Strayer, David L. · archived
  20. Drivers’ Psychomotor Reaction Times Tested with a Test Station Method · 2021 · Szydłowski, Tomasz et al. · indexed
  21. Distracted driving and associated crash risks. · 2014 · Ishak, Sherif et al. · archived
  22. Distracted Driving: It is not always a choice · 2016 · Hunter, Michael P. et al. · archived
  23. Description of the Integrated Driver Model · 1995 · Levinson, William H. et al. · archived
  24. Surrogate Measures of Visual Demand while Driving · 2000 · Farber, Eugene et al. · indexed
  25. The multitasking motorist and the attention economy · 2021 · Strayer, DL et al. · archived
  26. Reaction Times When Switching From Autonomous to Manual Driving Control · 2016 · Funkhouser, Kelly et al. · indexed
  27. Field Measurement of Naturalistic Backing Behavior · 1997 · Huey, R. et al. · archived
  28. Shifting Eyes and Thinking Hard Keep Us in Our Lanes · 2009 · Cooper, Joel M. et al. · indexed
  29. Guiding Driver Responses During Manual Takeovers from Automated Vehicles · 2023 · Greatbatch, Richard et al. · archived
  30. Profiles in cell phone-induced driver distraction · 2011 · Strayer, DL et al. · indexed
  31. Distraction and Drowsiness in Motorcoach Drivers · 2016 · Hammond, Rebecca, L. et al. · archived
  32. Older driver distraction: A naturalistic study of behaviour at intersections · 2013 · Charlton, Judith L. et al. · indexed
  33. Minimum and Comfortable Driving Headways: Reality versus Perception · 2001 · Meirav Taieb‐Maimon et al. · indexed
  34. A comprehensive examination of naturalistic lane-changes · 2004 · Lee, Suzanne E. et al. · archived
  35. Take-over performance in evasive manoeuvres · 2017 · Happee, Riender et al. · archived
  36. Driver Performance at High Speeds Using a Simulator · 2012 · Fitzpatrick, Kay et al. · indexed
  37. Measuring Inhibitory Control in Driver Distraction · 2014 · Hoekstra-Atwood, Liberty et al. · indexed
  38. Glance strategies for using an in-vehicle touch-screen monitor. · 2009 · Fuller, Helen et al. · archived
  39. Multitasking in the Automobile · 2006 · Strayer, David L. et al. · indexed
  40. Dissociating Eye Movements and Workload on Lateral Lane Position Variability · 2010 · Medeiros-Ward, Nathan et al. · indexed
  41. The impact of road traffic context on secondary task engagement while driving · 2023 · Cuentas-Hernandez, Sandra et al. · archived
  42. Measuring the Effects of Driver Distraction · 2008 · Young, Kristie et al. · archived
  43. Effects of Reading Text While Driving: A Driving Simulator Study · 2020 · Prevedouros, Panos D et al. · archived
  44. Modeling Driver Response to Lead Vehicle Decelerating · 2004 · Najm, Wassim et al. · archived
  45. Identifying Mind-wandering behind the Wheel · 2009 · He, Jibo et al. · archived
  46. Cognitive Distraction While Multitasking in the Automobile · 2011 · Strayer, David L. et al. · indexed
  47. Reading Text While Driving · 2014 · Liang, Yulan et al. · indexed
  48. Brake Perception-Reaction Times of Older and Younger Drivers · 1993 · Lerner, Neil · indexed
  49. Sequential In-Vehicle Glance Distributions · 2014 · Yamani, Yusuke et al. · indexed
  50. Drivers' Brake Reaction Times · 1971 · Johansson, Gunnar et al. · indexed
  51. Perception/Reaction Time Values for Accident Reconstruction · 1989 · Sens, Michael J. et al. · indexed
  52. DeepTake: Prediction of Driver Takeover Behavior using Multimodal Data · 2020 · Pakdamanian, Erfan et al. · archived
  53. A Looming Crisis · 2014 · Liang, Yulan et al. · indexed
  54. Preferred time-headway of highway drivers · 2002 · Ayres, Thomas J. et al. · indexed
  55. Determining Fixed Glance Duration for Visual Occlusion Research · 2011 · Chen, Huei-Yen Winnie et al. · indexed
  56. The Interrelationships between Speed Limits, Geometry, and Driver Behavior · 2018 · Savolainen, Peter T. et al. · archived
  57. How do Environmental Factors Affect Drivers' Gaze and Head Movements? · 2021 · Tavakoli, Arash et al. · archived
  58. “Take over!” How long does it take to get the driver back into the loop? · 2013 · Gold, Christian et al. · indexed
  59. Driver Performance While Texting: Even a Little is Too Much · 2013 · McKeever, Joshua D. et al. · indexed
  60. Driver inattention and highway safety · 1985 · Sussman, E. D. et al. · archived
  61. Secondary Behavior of Drivers on Cell Phones · 2015 · Farmer, Charles M. et al. · indexed
  62. Back to the future: Brake reaction times for manual and automated vehicles · 2006 · Young, Mark S. et al. · indexed
  63. Evaluation of Driver’s Reaction Time Measured in Driving Simulator · 2022 · Čulík, Kristián et al. · indexed
  64. Driver distraction · 2018 · Neyens, David Michael · archived
  65. The effects of text messaging on young novice driver performance · 2006 · Hosking, S. et al. · archived
  66. Visual in-car warnings: How fast do drivers respond? · 2018 · van der Heiden, Remo M.A. et al. · archived
  67. Driving Etiquette · 2019 · Peng, Huei et al. · archived
  68. Using Driver State Detection in Automated Vehicles · 2018 · Gaspar, John et al. · archived
  69. Take-Over Requests for Automated Driving · 2015 · Melcher, Vivien et al. · indexed
  70. Tunneled In · 2017 · Mok, Brian et al. · indexed
  71. Secondary Tasks and Autonomous Vehicles · 2019 · Jones, Vanessa et al. · indexed
  72. Human Factors Study on the Use of Colors for Express Lane Delineators · 2019 · Abou-Senna, Hatem et al. · archived
  73. EFFECTS OF TWO DIFFERENT MENTAL TASKS ON VISUAL SEARCH BEHAVIOUR WHILE DRIVING · 1999 · Recarte, Miguel A. et al. · indexed
  74. Hierarchical Control and Driving · 2013 · Medeiros-Ward, Nathan · indexed
  75. Travtek Evaluation Task C3: Camera Car Study · 1995 · NHTSA · archived
  76. Development of Countermeasures for Driver Maneuver Errors · 1999 · Hanscom, Fred R et al. · archived
  77. Effects of Cell Phone Conversations on Younger and Older Drivers · 2003 · Strayer, David L. et al. · indexed
  78. Human factors of vehicle-based lane departure warning systems : final report. · 2015 · Edwards, Christopher J. et al. · archived
  79. Driver behavior in traffic. · 2012 · Abbas, Montasir et al. · archived
  80. The Effects of Distraction on Anticipatory Driving · 2018 · He, Dengbo et al. · archived
  81. Lane Keeping Under Cognitive Load · 2013 · He, Jibo et al. · indexed
  82. Impact of Regular and Narrow AV-Exclusive Lanes on Manual Driver Behavior · 2020 · Machiani, Sahar Ghanipoor et al. · archived
  83. Predicting Driver Takeover Time in Conditionally Automated Driving · 2021 · Ayoub, Jackie et al. · archived
  84. Head-Up Displays and Distraction Potential · 2023 · Russell, Sheldon M. et al. · archived
  85. Impact of Distracted Driving on Congestion · 2011 · Stavrinos, Despina et al. · archived
  86. Improved perception-reaction time information for intersection sight distance · 2002 · Hostetter, Robert S. et al. · archived
  87. Low-distraction Interaction · 2019 · Lane, Ian et al. · archived
  88. Simulator Study of Involuntary Driver Distraction Under Different Perceptual Loads · 2017 · Hoekstra-Atwood, Liberty et al. · indexed
  89. A Gaze-Based Driver Distraction Warning System and Its Effect on Visual Behavior · 2013 · Ahlstrom, Christer et al. · indexed
  90. Driving with Visual Field Loss: An Exploratory Simulation Study · 2009 · Lockhart, Julie et al. · archived
  91. Driving Simulator as a Tool for Reaction Time Measurement · 2022 · Čulík, Kristián et al. · indexed
  92. Effects of Visual Latency on Vehicle Driving Behavior · 2017 · Blissing, Björn et al. · indexed
  93. Distraction Becomes Engagement in Automated Driving · 2015 · Miller, David et al. · indexed
  94. Simulating On-the-Road Behavior Using a Driving Simulator · 2010 · Riener, Andreas · indexed
  95. Investigation of Time and Speed Perception using a Driving Simulator · 2018 · Keklikoglou, Andronikos et al. · indexed
  96. Estimation of Driver Reaction Time from Car-Following Data · 2006 · Ma, Xiaoliang et al. · indexed
  97. A comparison of the cell-phone driver and the drunk driver · 2006 · Strayer, D. L. et al. · archived
  98. Driver behavior in mixed and virtual reality – A comparative study · 2019 · Blissing, Björn et al. · archived
  99. Detecting and Quantifying Mind Wandering during Simulated Driving · 2017 · Baldwin, Carryl L. et al. · archived
  100. The residual costs of multitasking: Causing trouble down the road · 2016 · Turrill, J et al. · indexed
  101. Shift the gaze · 2026 · Illgner, Johannes et al. · indexed
  102. Driver Distraction: Evaluation with Event Detection Paradigm · 2003 · Greenberg, Jeff et al. · indexed
  103. Behavioral Indicators of Drowsy Driving: Active Search Mirror Checks · 2022 · Meyer, Jason E. et al. · archived
  104. Multitasking induced contextual blindness · 2025 · Cooper, JM et al. · archived
  105. The effects of mobile telephoning on driving performance · 1991 · Brookhuis, Karel et al. · archived
  106. Reaction-time task during car-following with an active gas pedal · 2005 · Mulder, Mark et al. · indexed
  107. The Relative Risks of Secondary Task Induced Driver Distraction · 2008 · Dingus, Thomas A. et al. · indexed
  108. What Can Be Predicted from Six Seconds of Driver Glances? · 2017 · Fridman, Lex et al. · archived
  109. Factors That Affect Drivers’ Perception of Closing and an Immediate Hazard · 2023 · Weaver, Bradley W. et al. · archived
  110. An Investigation of Drowsy Lane Departures from Driving Simulator Studies · 2026 · Schwarz, Chris et al. · indexed
  111. Hierarchical control and driving. · 2013 · Strayer, David L. · indexed
  112. Investigation of Driver Adaptations in a Mixed Traffic Environment · 2024 · Kondyli, Alexandra et al. · archived
  113. Attentional Biases during Steering Behavior · 2013 · Bieg, Hans-Joachim et al. · archived
  114. Driver Reactions to Automated Vehicles · 2018 · Eriksson, Alexander et al. · archived
  115. Modeling distracted performance · 2019 · Hawkins, Guy E. et al. · archived
  116. Modeling Effects of Forward Glance Durations on Latent Hazard Detection · 2017 · Park, Hyoshin et al. · indexed
  117. Improving Methods to Measure Attentiveness through Driver Monitoring · 2022 · Miller, Marty et al. · archived
  118. CAR DRIVER BEHAVIOR DURING PRE-CRASH SITUATION: ANALYSIS WITH THE BCD MODEL · 2011 · Pacaux‐Lemoine, Marie‐Pierre et al. · indexed
  119. Highly Automated Driving, Secondary Task Performance, and Driver State · 2012 · Merat, Natasha et al. · archived
  120. Evaluating the Effect of Fatigue on Driver’s Performance · 2024 · Jirgl, Miroslav et al. · archived
  121. Information as a Source of Distraction · 2015 · Inman, Vaughan W. et al. · archived
  122. Older Drivers’ Self-Regulation and Exposure · 2020 · Thomas, Dennis et al. · archived
  123. Online experiments as a supplement of automated driving simulator studies · 2019 · Hock, Philipp et al. · indexed
  124. Mind Wandering Behind the Wheel · 2011 · He, Jibo et al. · indexed
  125. EVALUATION OF DRIVER DISTRACTION USING AN EVENT DETECTION PARADIGM · 2003 · Greenberg, Jeff et al. · indexed
  126. Older Driver Support System Field Operational Test · 2019 · Libby, David et al. · archived
  127. Measuring driving performance by car-following in traffic · 1994 · BROOKHUIS, KAREL et al. · indexed
  128. Modeling simple driving tasks with a one-boundary diffusion model · 2013 · Strayer, David L. · indexed
  129. Drivers and Passengers: Are the Perceptions of Braking Time the Same? · 2008 · Kelling, Nicholas et al. · indexed
  130. Cell phone-induced failures of visual attention during simulated driving · 2003 · Drews, Frank A. et al. · archived
  131. Stopping Performance in Familiar and Unfamiliar Vehicles · 1987 · Ranney, Thomas A. et al. · indexed
  132. Display formats and commercial vehicle operator (CVO) workload · 1997 · Carney, Cher et al. · archived
  133. The impact of smart driving aids on driving performance and driver distraction · 2011 · Birrell, Stewart A. et al. · archived
  134. The influence of attention distraction on the drivers’ behaviour · 2018 · Gąsiorek, Kamila et al. · archived
  135. CVO driver fatigue and complex in-vehicle systems · 1997 · Lee, Jacsik et al. · archived
  136. Evaluating Drivers’ Response to Road Hazard: A Simulation Study · 2024 · Javanbakht, Navid et al. · indexed
  137. Some On-Road Glances are More Equal Than Others: Measuring Engagement in the Driving Task · 2019 · Hoekstra-Atwood, Liberty et al. · indexed
  138. Visual Scanning Training for Older Drivers: A Literature Review · 2018 · Lococo, Kathy H. et al. · archived
  139. Preventing Crashes in Mixed Traffic With Automated and Human-Driven Vehicles · 2020 · Talebpour, Alireza et al. · archived
  140. The Mind-Wandering Phenomenon While Driving: A Systematic Review · 2025 · Voinea, Gheorghe-Daniel et al. · indexed
  141. Phase II Investigation of Safety at Toll Plazas Using Driving Simulation · 2018 · Knodler, Michael A. et al. · archived
  142. Effects of Drugs and Alcohol on Driver Performance · 1972 · Case, H. W. et al. · archived
  143. Resurrecting Driver Workload Metrics: A Multivariate Approach · 2015 · Auflick, Jack L. · indexed
  144. Modeling Slow Lead Vehicle Lane Changing · 2003 · Olsen, Erik C. B. et al. · indexed
  145. Influence of age, gender and delay on overtaking dynamics · 2013 · Llorca, Carlos et al. · indexed
  146. ADVANCE safety evaluation · 2000 · Inman, V. et al. · archived
  147. Automobile Driver On-Road Performance Test. Volume 1, Final Report · 1981 · McPherson, Kenard et al. · archived
  148. AN INVESTIGATION OF VARIABILITY IN DRIVING PERFORMANCE ON THE HIGHWAY · 1967 · Rockwell, T H et al. · indexed
  149. Automated Feedback to Foster Safe Driving in Young Drivers: Phase 2 · 2015 · Blomberg, Richard D. et al. · archived
  150. In-Vehicle Glance Duration · 2007 · Horrey, William J. et al. · indexed
  151. Driver Distraction in Commercial Vehicle Operations · 2010 · Olson, Rebecca L. et al. · archived
  152. Drowsiness and Decision Making During Long Drives: A Driving Simulation Study · 2023 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  153. Investigating the Effect of Drivers’ Body Motion on Traffic Safety · 2015 · Barmpoutis, Angelos et al. · archived
  154. Characterization of Longitudinal Driving Behavior by Measurable Parameters · 2010 · Wang, Jianqiang et al. · indexed
  155. The effect of age on driving performance in Iran using driving simulator · 2020 · Azadi, NammamAli et al. · indexed
  156. Kinesthesia in a sustained-attention driving task · 2014 · Chuang, Chun‐Hsiang et al. · archived
  157. Distracted Driving Among Newly Licensed Teen Drivers · 2012 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  158. Driver Distractions In Commercial Vehicle Operations · 2009 · Olson, Rebecca L. et al. · archived
  159. Standard Reactions – Driver Reactions in Critical Driving Situations · 2015 · Weber, Stefanie et al. · indexed
  160. Methodological Issues When Conducting Research on Older Drivers · 2011 · Trick, Lana et al. · indexed
  161. Evaluation of Lane Departure Warnings for Drowsy Drivers · 2006 · Blommer, Mike et al. · archived
  162. Driver eye-scanning behavior at intersections at night. · 2009 · Higgins, Laura L. et al. · archived
  163. Traffic Maneuver Problems of Older Drivers: Final Technical Report · 1993 · Staplin, Loren et al. · archived
  164. Driver's Reaction Time in Evaluation of the Road Capacity · 2015 · Shevtsova, Anastasiya et al. · indexed
  165. Evaluate driver response to active warning system in level-2 automated vehicles · 2019 · Atwood, Jonathan R. et al. · indexed
  166. Summary Report : Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control Human Factors Study · 2017 · Inman, Vaughan W. et al. · archived
  167. Selective Attention with Auxiliary Automobile Displays · 1990 · Noy, Y. Ian · indexed
  168. On attentional control and the aging driver · 2013 · Watson, JM et al. · indexed
  169. A cognitive process approach to modeling gap acceptance in overtaking · 2023 · Mohammad, Samir H.A. et al. · archived
  170. Economical Visual Attention Test for Elderly Drivers · 2020 · Onishi, Akinari · archived
  171. Evaluating the Impact of Processing Spoken Words on Driving · 2012 · Rossi, Riccardo et al. · indexed
  172. Biobehavioral Responses to Drowsy Driving Alarms and Alerting Stimuli · 2000 · Mallis, Malissa M. et al. · archived
  173. Driver Distraction in Commercial Motor Vehicle Operations · 2017 · Hanowski, Richard J. et al. · archived
  174. Car Following and Microscopic Traffic Simulation Under Distracted Driving · 2021 · Zatmeh-Kanj, Sunbola et al. · indexed
  175. Eyeglance Behavior of Novice Teen and Experienced Adult Drivers · 2006 · Lee, Suzanne et al. · indexed
  176. Backup Warning Signals: Driver Perception and Response · 1996 · Harpster, J.L. et al. · archived
  177. Human Factors Laboratory [Fact Sheet] · 1988 · NHTSA · archived
  178. Older-Driver Foot Movements · 2017 · Lococo, Kathy H. et al. · archived
  179. The crosstalk hypothesis: Why language interferes with driving. · 2012 · Strayer, David L. et al. · indexed
  180. Emergency Manuever Experimentation Using a Driving Simulator · 1991 · Lechner, Daniël et al. · indexed
  181. Driver distraction : a review of the literature · 2007 · Kircher, Katja · indexed
  182. Effects of an active visuomotor steering task on covert attention · 2019 · Tuhkanen, Samuel et al. · archived
  183. Automation Detection of Driver Fatigue Using Visual Behavior Variables · 2018 · Yonggang, Wang et al. · archived
  184. Factors influencing visual search in complex driving environments. · 2016 · Hunter, Michael P. et al. · archived
  185. Study of passing gap acceptance behavior using a driving simulator · 2007 · Farah, Haneen et al. · indexed
  186. Response to Emergency Vehicles When Driving in a Mixed Vehicle Fleet · 2024 · Sanchez, Robert et al. · archived
  187. Effects of Driver Task-related Fatigue on Driving Performance · 2014 · Gastaldi, Massimiliano et al. · indexed
  188. Analysis of SHRP2 Speeding Data · 2020 · Richard, Christian M. et al. · archived
  189. Rapid holistic perception and evasion of road hazards · 2019 · Wolfe, Benjamin et al. · archived
  190. In-vehicle Drowsy Driving Detection and Alerting · 2023 · Gaspar, John G et al. · archived
  191. Comparison of Visual Sampling Patterns Under Simulated L2 and L0 Systems · 2018 · Hatfield, Nathan et al. · indexed
  192. Effects of Task-Induced Fatigue in Prolonged Conditional Automated Driving · 2019 · Jarosch, Oliver et al. · indexed
  193. Predictors of Rapid Deceleration Events among Older Drivers: AAA LongROAD Study · 2020 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  194. Cell Phones and Driving Performance: A Meta-Analysis · 2004 · Horrey, William J. et al. · indexed
  195. Occupant Dynamics During Crash Avoidance Maneuvers · 2021 · Reed, Matthew P. et al. · archived
  196. A Driving Simulator Study on Adaptive Cruise Control Failure · 2006 · Park, Jooho et al. · indexed
  197. Work Zone Speed Reduction Utilizing Dynamic Speed Signs · 2011 · McAvoy, Deborah S. · archived
  198. Driver brake response to sudden unintended acceleration while parking · 2019 · Gaspar, John G. et al. · indexed
  199. The effects of text messaging on young novice driver performance · 2005 · Hosking, Simon G. et al. · indexed
  200. Driver memory for in-vehicle visual and auditory messages · 1999 · Garness, SA et al. · archived
  201. Display of HUD Warning to Drivers: Determining an Optimal Location · 1999 · Tsimhoni, Omer et al. · archived
  202. Time Required for Take-over from Automated to Manual Driving · 2016 · Ito, Toshio et al. · indexed
  203. Evaluating driver distraction countermeasures · 2005 · Karlsson, Rikard · indexed
  204. Passenger and cell phone conversations in simulated driving. · 2008 · Strayer, David L. et al. · indexed
  205. HMI Design for Chain-Braking Event Based on V2V Communication · 2023 · Yan, Song et al. · archived
  206. Strategies for Improved Driver Behavior within Work Zones · 2025 · Mishra, Sabyasachee et al. · archived
  207. Motivations for Speeding, Volume II: Findings Report · 2013 · Richard, Christian M. et al. · archived
  208. TravTek Evaluation Yoked Driver Study · 1995 · Inman, V. et al. · archived
  209. B-88 * Neurocognitive Correlates of Driving Behavior · 2014 · Kosmidis, M. et al. · indexed
  210. Neural Correlates of Older Driver Performance · 2017 · Noyce, David A. et al. · archived
  211. Analysis of driver task-related fatigue using driving simulator experiments · 2011 · Rossi, Riccardo et al. · indexed
  212. A Stochastic Delay Differential Equation Model of Multitasking While Driving · 2026 · Trommler, Daniel et al. · indexed
  213. Cognitive workload measurement and modeling under divided attention. · 2019 · Strayer, David L. et al. · archived
  214. Driver’s Safety Assessment In Two-Lane Rural Road Work Zones · 2020 · Valdés-Díaz, Didier M et al. · archived
  215. The Effect of Haptic Support Systems on Driver Performance: A Literature Survey · 2015 · Petermeijer, Sebastiaan M. et al. · indexed
  216. Towards Mitigating Teenagers’ Distracted Driving Behaviors · 2016 · Merrikhpour, Maryam et al. · archived
  217. Geometric Constraints and Visual Field Related to Speed Management · 2024 · Jiang, Jiachen et al. · archived
  218. Attentional Limitations in Doing Two Tasks at the Same Time · 1992 · Pashler, Harold · archived
  219. New Measure of Inattentiveness to Forward Roadway · 2012 · Pollatsek, Alexander et al. · indexed
  220. Leading to distraction: Driver distraction, lead car, and road environment · 2016 · Kountouriotis, Georgios K. et al. · indexed
  221. Defining Driver Distraction · 2008 · Lee, John et al. · archived
  222. Impact of Access Management on Driver Behaviors · 2023 · Cuddy, Matthew et al. · archived
  223. Cell-Phone–Induced Driver Distraction · 2007 · Strayer, David L. et al. · archived
  224. New knowledge and methods for mitigating driver distraction · 2018 · Geitner, Claudia · archived
  225. Alternative Definitions of Passing Critical Gaps · 2011 · Toledo, Tomer et al. · archived
  226. Mobile Telephone Use and Reaction Time in Drivers With Glaucoma · 2019 · Ogata, Nara G. et al. · indexed
  227. Smartwatches vs. Smartphones · 2017 · Giang, Wayne C.W. et al. · archived
  228. Assessing the Impact of Smartphone Usage while Driving in Work Zones · 2018 · Valdes Diaz, Didier M. et al. · archived
  229. Experimental study of short-range interactions in vehicular traffic · 2009 · Appert-Rolland, Cécile · archived
  230. Smartwatches vs. Smartphones · 2019 · Giang, Wayne C.W. et al. · archived
  231. Text messaging during simulated driving · 2009 · Drews, FA et al. · indexed
  232. Effects of Operating Practices on Commercial Driver Alertness · 1999 · O&#039;Neill, T. R. et al. · archived
  233. Effects of alcohol on automated and controlled driving performances · 2013 · Berthelon, Catherine et al. · archived
  234. Trade-off between jerk and time headway as an indicator of driving style. · 2017 · Itkonen, Teemu H et al. · archived
  235. Prospective control of lane changing and tau-dot · 2010 · Chatziastros, A. et al. · indexed
  236. Connected vehicle enabled freeway merge management - field test. · 2016 · Smith, Brian et al. · archived
  237. Mobile Phone Use “on the Road”: A Self-Report Study on Young Drivers · 2021 · Fraschetti, Angelo et al. · archived
  238. Interference between concurrent tasks of driving and telephoning. · 1969 · Brown, I D et al. · indexed
  239. Passing Behavior on Two-Lane Roads in Real and Simulated Environments · 2016 · Llorca, Carlos et al. · indexed
  240. Investigation of Behavioral Adaptation to Lane Departure Warnings · 2002 · Rudin-Brown, Christina M. et al. · indexed
  241. Modeling Drivers in Route Diversion Behavior During Congestion: A Pilot Study · 2025 · Fuller, James David et al. · archived
  242. Human-like driving behaviour emerges from a risk-based driver model · 2020 · Kolekar, Sarvesh et al. · archived
  243. Strategies of Visual Search by Novice and Experienced Drivers · 1972 · Mourant, Ronald R. et al. · archived
  244. Effects of Hybrid Interface on Ecodriving and Driver Distraction · 2011 · Hallihan, Gregory M. et al. · indexed
  245. Conversation Disrupts Visual Scanning of Traffic Scenes · 2001 · McCarley, Jason S. et al. · indexed
  246. Average heart rate for driver monitoring systems · 2016 · Biondi, F et al. · archived
  247. In-Vehicle Avatars to Elicit Social Response and Change Driving Behaviour · 2011 · Rakotonirainy, Andry et al. · indexed
  248. Cocktail Party Effect&amp; Attention Capture in Semi-Autonomous Driving · 2013 · Tobias, Crystal et al. · archived
  249. Effect of Marihuana and Alcohol on Visual Search Performance · 1976 · Moskowitz, Herbert, 1925- et al. · archived
  250. Usability of Multimodal Human-Machine-Interaction while Driving · 2002 · Bengler, Klaus et al. · indexed
  251. On-Road Study of Drivers’ Use of Rearview Video Systems (ORSDURVS) · 2008 · Mazzae, Elizabeth N. et al. · archived
  252. Traffic Violations and Errors: The Effects of Sensation Seeking and Attention · 2005 · Ayvaşık, H Belgin et al. · archived
  253. Cognitive workload and driving behavior in persons with hearing loss · 2013 · Thorslund, Birgitta et al. · archived
  254. Potential benefits of an adaptive forward collision warning system · 2007 · Jamson, A. Hamish et al. · archived
  255. Secondary Task Engagement During Automated Drives: Friend and Foe? · 2020 · Shupsky, Taylor et al. · indexed
  256. An Investigation of Factors Affecting Driver Alertness · 1970 · Sussman, E. Donald et al. · archived
  257. Effect of Distracting Factors on Driving Performance: A Review · 2022 · Sorum, Neero Gumsar et al. · archived
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