automation surprise

Automation surprise: the system behaves in a way the driver did not anticipate — an unannounced maneuver, a sudden mode reversion, an automation action that violates the driver's expectations and catches them off guard. Concerns unexpected system behavior and the resulting confusion, NOT steady-state knowledge of the active mode (mode_awareness) or the calibrated trust attitude (trust_calibration).

767 paper(s) · ranked by relevance to this topic

  1. Consumer Use & Adoption of Advanced Vehicle Systems · 2019 · Seppelt, Bobbie et al. · archived
  2. Humans and intelligent vehicles : the hope, the help, and the harm. · 2016 · Fisher, Donald L. et al. · archived
  3. Literature Review of Behavioral Adaptations to Advanced Driver Assistance Systems · 2016 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  4. A Predictive Model of Driver Response in an Autonomous Environment · 2015 · Samuel, Siby et al. · indexed
  5. Using Driver State Detection in Automated Vehicles · 2018 · Gaspar, John et al. · archived
  6. Improving the Driver–Automation Interaction · 2013 · Beller, Johannes et al. · indexed
  7. Vehicle Automation Field Test: Impact on Driver Behavior and Trust · 2020 · Morales-Alvarez, Walter et al. · archived
  8. CityMobil · 2009 · Toffetti, Antonella et al. · archived
  9. Human factors issues for automated vehicles · 2012 · Harvey, Catherine · indexed
  10. Handbook of Human Factors for Automated, Connected, and Intelligent Vehicles · 2020 · Fisher, Donald L. et al. · indexed
  11. Situation awareness with different levels of automation · 2014 · Miller, Dave et al. · indexed
  12. How Do Drivers Behave in a Highly Automated Car? · 2009 · Merat, Natasha et al. · indexed
  13. To Trust or Not to Trust? A Simulation-Based Experimental Paradigm · 2018 · Knodler Jr., Michael A. et al. · archived
  14. Timing of unstructured transitions of control in automated driving · 2015 · Mok, Brian et al. · indexed
  15. Impact of Information on Consumer Understanding of a Partially Automated Driving System · 2020 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  16. Automation Lessons from Other Domains · 2020 · Wickens, C. D. · indexed
  17. AutoPreview: A Framework for Autopilot Behavior Understanding · 2021 · Shen, Yuan et al. · archived
  18. Modeling Driver Behavior during Automated Vehicle Platooning Failures · 2021 · McDonald, Anthony D et al. · archived
  19. Meeting User Needs in Vehicle Automation · 2022 · Drewitz, Uwe et al. · archived
  20. Factors That Affect Drivers’ Perception of Closing and an Immediate Hazard · 2023 · Weaver, Bradley W. et al. · archived
  21. A review of human-automation interaction and lessons learned · 2006 · Sheridan, Thomas et al. · archived
  22. Naturalistic Study of Level 2 Driving Automation Functions · 2018 · Russell, Sheldon M. et al. · archived
  23. Context-Adaptive Management of Drivers’ Trust in Automated Vehicles · 2020 · Azevedo-Sa, Hebert et al. · archived
  24. Highly Automated Driving, Secondary Task Performance, and Driver State · 2012 · Merat, Natasha et al. · archived
  25. Understanding Automation Failure · 2024 · Endsley, Mica R. · indexed
  26. Tools for Transport: Driven to Learn With Connected Vehicles · 2021 · Morris, Nichole et al. · archived
  27. Driver’s Mental Model of Vehicle Automation · 2020 · Seppelt, Bobbie et al. · indexed
  28. Driver Reactions to Automated Vehicles · 2018 · Eriksson, Alexander et al. · archived
  29. Evaluate driver response to active warning system in level-2 automated vehicles · 2019 · Atwood, Jonathan R. et al. · indexed
  30. Investigation of Behavioral Adaptation to Lane Departure Warnings · 2002 · Rudin-Brown, Christina M. et al. · indexed
  31. Situation Awareness in Driving · 2020 · Endsley, Mica · indexed
  32. Automation and situation awareness. · 2018 · Endsley, Mica R. · indexed
  33. Automated Driving System Collisions: Early Lessons · 2019 · Biever, Wayne et al. · indexed
  34. Cooperation between drivers and automation: implications for safety · 2008 · Hoc, Jean-Michel et al. · indexed
  35. Real-Time Estimation of Drivers' Trust in Automated Driving Systems · 2020 · Azevedo-Sa, Hebert et al. · archived
  36. Fatigue and Voluntary Utilization of Automation in Simulated Driving · 2012 · Neubauer, Catherine et al. · indexed
  37. Shift the gaze · 2026 · Illgner, Johannes et al. · indexed
  38. Mode confusion of human–machine interfaces for automated vehicles · 2022 · Eom, Hwisoo et al. · indexed
  39. Guiding Driver Responses During Manual Takeovers from Automated Vehicles · 2023 · Greatbatch, Richard et al. · archived
  40. Interactions of Automated Vehicles with Road Users · 2022 · Dey, Debargha et al. · archived
  41. Driver expectancy in highway design and traffic operations · 1986 · Alexander, Gerson J. et al. · archived
  42. Autopilot, Mind Wandering, and the Out of the Loop Performance Problem · 2017 · Gouraud, Jonas et al. · indexed
  43. Autonomous Driving in the Real World · 2016 · Dikmen, Murat et al. · indexed
  44. Identifying Outcome Measures to Evaluate Drivers’ Knowledge of Vehicle Automation · 2024 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  45. Fatigue and Automation-Induced Impairments in Simulated Driving Performance · 1998 · Desmond, Paula A. et al. · indexed
  46. Fully-Automated Driving: The Road to Future Vehicles · 2011 · Jamson, Hamish et al. · indexed
  47. Effects of Marking Automated Vehicles on Human Drivers on Highways · 2020 · Fuest, Tanja et al. · archived
  48. Bystander Interactions With Failing Vehicle Autonomy · 2018 · Steinfeld, Aaron et al. · archived
  49. Drivers’ trust in an autonomous system · 2016 · Wright, Timothy J. et al. · indexed
  50. The Effect of Vehicle Automation Styles on Drivers’ Emotional State · 2023 · Alsaid, Areen et al. · indexed
  51. The Effect of Vehicle Automation Styles on Drivers' Emotional State · 2023 · Alsaid, Areen et al. · indexed
  52. Identifying Deviations from Normal Driving Behavior · 2022 · Hananeh Alambeigi, H et al. · archived
  53. Driver's arousal and workload under partial vehicle automation · 2020 · Strayer, DL et al. · archived
  54. Predicting Driver Errors during Automated Vehicle Takeovers · 2023 · Alambeigi, Hananeh et al. · archived
  55. Approaches for loss of vigilance in vehicle automation: a meta-analytical study · 2017 · Gonçalves, Rafael Cirino et al. · indexed
  56. The Out-of-the-Loop Performance Problem and Level of Control in Automation · 1995 · Endsley, Mica R. et al. · indexed
  57. Driver's arousal and workload under partial vehicle automation · 2020 · Cooper, JM et al. · archived
  58. Overtrust in External Cues of Automated Vehicles · 2019 · Holländer, Kai et al. · indexed
  59. Do we trust automated vehicles? A driving simulator study · 2024 · De, Giulia et al. · archived
  60. Supervising High Degree Automation in Simulated Air Traffic Control · 2018 · Bowden, Vanessa et al. · indexed
  61. No Risk No Trust · 2019 · Li, Mengyao et al. · indexed
  62. Fully Automated Driving · 2015 · Payre, William et al. · indexed
  63. Building Trust Profiles in Conditionally Automated Driving · 2023 · Avetisyan, Lilit et al. · archived
  64. Editorial: Cognitive Mechanisms for Safe Road Traffic Systems · 2022 · Vecchiato, Giovanni et al. · archived
  65. Safety Concept for Autonomous Vehicles · 2016 · Reschka, Andreas · archived
  66. Driver’s Arousal and Workload under Partial Vehicle Automation · 2020 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  67. Change in Mental Models of ADAS in Relation to Quantity and Quality of Exposure · 2023 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  68. Towards Autonomous Vehicles · 2013 · Schwarz, Chris et al. · archived
  69. Control Task Substitution in Semiautomated Driving · 2012 · Carsten, Oliver et al. · archived
  70. Training Drivers to Automated Vehicles · 2023 · Mangharam, Rahul et al. · archived
  71. Transition of Control: Automation Giving Back Control to the Driver · 2021 · Willemsen, Dehlia et al. · archived
  72. Humans and Automation: Use, Misuse, Disuse, Abuse · 1997 · Parasuraman, Raja et al. · indexed
  73. Keep Your Scanners Peeled · 2016 · Hergeth, Sebastian et al. · indexed
  74. Driver Training Research and Guidelines for Automated Vehicle Technology · 2019 · Manser, Michael P. et al. · archived
  75. Toward Defining Driving Automation from a Human-Centered Perspective · 2017 · Yang, Ji Hyun et al. · indexed
  76. Take-over performance in evasive manoeuvres · 2017 · Happee, Riender et al. · archived
  77. Workload, Distraction, and Automation · 2020 · Lee, John D. et al. · indexed
  78. Humans: Still Vital After All These Years of Automation · 2008 · Parasuraman, Raja et al. · indexed
  79. Toward Shared Control Between Automated Vehicles and Users · 2020 · Terken, Jacques et al. · archived
  80. Automation, Task, and Context Features · 2013 · Morrow, Daniel · indexed
  81. THE INFLUENCE OF RISK ON DRIVER TRUST IN AUTONOMOUS DRIVING SYSTEMS · 2018 · Petersen, Luke et al. · archived
  82. Tunneled In · 2017 · Mok, Brian et al. · indexed
  83. Takeover Transition in Autonomous Vehicles: A YouTube Study · 2019 · Zhou, Feng et al. · archived
  84. Vehicle Automation and Operator Training: A Systematic Review · 2026 · Hungund, Apoorva Pramod et al. · indexed
  85. Characterizing Level 2 Automation in a Naturalistic Driving Fleet · 2024 · Perez, Miguel A et al. · archived
  86. From Here to Autonomy · 2016 · Endsley, Mica R. · indexed
  87. Drivers' Age and Automated Vehicle Explanations · 2021 · Zhang, Qiaoning · archived
  88. Comparison of Visual Sampling Patterns Under Simulated L2 and L0 Systems · 2018 · Hatfield, Nathan et al. · indexed
  89. Control Transition Interfaces in Semiautonomous Vehicles · 2017 · Mirnig, Alexander G. et al. · indexed
  90. How to navigate the intermediate levels of vehicle automation? · 2025 · van Nes, Nicole et al. · indexed
  91. Driver brake response to sudden unintended acceleration while parking · 2019 · Gaspar, John G. et al. · indexed
  92. Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles · 2021 · On-Road Automated Driving (ORAD) Committee · indexed
  93. Psychophysics of Trust in Vehicle Control Algorithms · 2016 · Price, Morgan A. et al. · indexed
  94. Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles · 2018 · On-Road Automated Driving (ORAD) Committee · indexed
  95. Automated driving: Safety blind spots · 2017 · Noy, Ian Y. et al. · indexed
  96. Expectations and Trust in Automated Vehicles · 2020 · Zhang, Qiaoning et al. · archived
  97. Changes in Trust after Driving Level 2 Automated Cars · 2018 · Walker, Francesco et al. · indexed
  98. An Adaptive Driver Support System · 2012 · Dijksterhuis, Chris et al. · indexed
  99. Examining Driver Takeover Decisions and Trust of AVs at Rural Intersections · 2026 · Morris, Nichole L. et al. · archived
  100. Communicating intent on the road through human-inspired control schemes · 2016 · Driggs-Campbell, Katherine et al. · archived
  101. The influence of study design on results in HMI testing for active safety · 2007 · Ljung, Mikael et al. · indexed
  102. Behavioral adaptation of drivers when driving among automated vehicles · 2022 · Aramrattana, Maytheewat et al. · archived
  103. A Role for Robots in Automated Driving Systems · 2016 · Bertram, Torsten · archived
  104. Users’ Trust in and Concerns about Automated Driving Systems · 2021 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  105. Reaction Times When Switching From Autonomous to Manual Driving Control · 2016 · Funkhouser, Kelly et al. · indexed
  106. A Driving Simulator Study on Adaptive Cruise Control Failure · 2006 · Park, Jooho et al. · indexed
  107. Driver heterogeneity in willingness to give control to conditional automation · 2024 · Ansar, Muhammad Sajjad et al. · archived
  108. “Take over!” How long does it take to get the driver back into the loop? · 2013 · Gold, Christian et al. · indexed
  109. Crash Warning Interface Metrics: Final Report · 2011 · Lerner, Neil et al. · archived
  110. Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles · 2016 · On-Road Automated Driving (ORAD) Committee · indexed
  111. A human factors perspective on automated driving · 2017 · Kyriakidis, Miltos et al. · archived
  112. Evaluating feedback requirements for trust calibration in automated vehicles · 2021 · Wintersberger, Philipp et al. · indexed
  113. Guided Attention For Autonomous System Supervision · 2012 · Cook, Maia B. et al. · indexed
  114. Vehicle Owners’ Experiences with and Reactions to Advanced Driver Assistance Systems · 2018 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  115. User interface design and verification for semi-autonomous driving · 2014 · Sadigh, Dorsa et al. · archived
  116. Driver behaviour with adaptive cruise control · 2005 · Stanton, Neville A. et al. · archived
  117. Key considerations in the development of driving automation systems · 2015 · Christensen, Andy et al. · indexed
  118. AUTOMATED DRIVING SYSTEMS: COMPARISON OF TRAINING METHODS’ EFFECTIVENESS · 2024 · RODAK, Aleksandra et al. · archived
  119. From Manual Driving to Automated Driving · 2019 · Ayoub, Jackie et al. · archived
  120. Mode Awareness and Automated Driving—What Is It and How Can It Be Measured? · 2020 · Kurpiers, Christina et al. · indexed
  121. A transforming steering wheel for highly automated cars · 2015 · Kerschbaum, Philipp et al. · indexed
  122. Take-Over Requests for Automated Driving · 2015 · Melcher, Vivien et al. · indexed
  123. Return-to-Manual Performance can be Predicted Before Automation Fails · 2022 · Griffiths, Natalie et al. · indexed
  124. Trust in Automated Vehicles under Normal and Drowsy Driving Conditions · 2023 · Morris, Nichole L. et al. · indexed
  125. HumanFIRST Driving Simulation Educational Development · 2019 · Morris, Nichole L. et al. · archived
  126. From automation to autonomy and autonomous vehicles · 2020 · Xu, Wei · indexed
  127. ExplAIn Yourself! Transparency for Positive UX in Autonomous Driving · 2021 · Schneider, T. et al. · indexed
  128. Explanations and Expectations · 2018 · Haspiel, Jacob et al. · indexed
  129. Tactical driver behavior prediction and intent inference: A review · 2011 · Doshi, Anup et al. · indexed
  130. Driver Models for Both Human and Autonomous Vehicles · 2018 · Kurt, Arda et al. · archived
  131. Anticipated emotions associated with trust in autonomous vehicles · 2022 · Avetisian, Lilit et al. · archived
  132. Simulation of Automated Vehicles' Drive Cycles · 2018 · LeVine, Scott · archived
  133. Task Automation and Skill Development in a Simplified Driving Task · 2000 · Ward, Nicholas J. · indexed
  134. Consumer Education and Training for Vehicle Automation: Outcomes from an Expert Workshop · 2024 · AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety · archived
  135. Stress and Driving Performance: Implications for Design and Training · 2000 · Matthews, Gerald et al. · indexed
  136. Human factors of vehicle-based lane departure warning systems : final report. · 2015 · Edwards, Christopher J. et al. · archived
  137. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERFACE ALERTS AND COMPLACENCY ON HUMAN-AUTOMATION INTERACTION: · 2017 · Goncalves, Rafael Cirino et al. · indexed
  138. Autonomous Vehicles · 2024 · Kemeny, Andras · archived
  139. An Expansion of System Wide Trust Theory Using In-Vehicle Automation · 2012 · Blair, Kasha et al. · indexed
  140. Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control: Human Factors Analysis · 2013 · Jones, Stephen · archived
  141. Attempting to Automate Compliance to Aircraft Collision Avoidance Advisories · 2015 · Pritchett, Amy R. et al. · indexed
  142. Transparency and Conflict Resolution Automation Reliability in Air Trffic Control · 2017 · Trapsilawati, Fitri et al. · indexed
  143. Effects of non-driving related tasks during autonomous driving · 2023 · Horáková, Miroslava · archived
  144. DeepTake: Prediction of Driver Takeover Behavior using Multimodal Data · 2020 · Pakdamanian, Erfan et al. · archived
  145. Autonomous Driving · 2017 · Walch, Marcel et al. · indexed
  146. Facial Expressions as Indicator for Discomfort in Automated Driving · 2020 · Beggiato, Matthias et al. · archived
  147. Preparing for a Driverless Future · 2020 · Piatkowski, Daniel P et al. · archived
  148. Sharing Control With Haptics · 2012 · Mulder, Mark et al. · indexed
  149. Automated fault-management in a simulated spaceflight micro-world. · 2002 · Lorenz, Bernd et al. · indexed
  150. Time Required for Take-over from Automated to Manual Driving · 2016 · Ito, Toshio et al. · indexed
  151. A Case Study of Trust on Autonomous Driving · 2019 · Sheng, Shili et al. · archived
  152. Level of Automation: Integrating Humans and Automated Systems · 1997 · Endsley, Mica R. · indexed
  153. Building Contextualized Trust Profiles in Conditionally Automated Driving · 2024 · Avetisyan, Lilit et al. · archived
  154. Supporting Situational Awareness in VANET Attack Scenarios · 2022 · Almani, Dimah et al. · archived
  155. Automated driving · 2020 · Janssen, Christian P. et al. · archived
  156. Trust, cognitive control, and control · 2006 · Rajaonah, Bako et al. · indexed
  157. Handovers and Resumption of Control in Semi-Autonomous Vehicles · 2017 · Mirnig, Alexander G. et al. · indexed
  158. Interactive Traffic Management for Highly Automated Vehicles · 2023 · Alkim, Tom et al. · archived
  159. Vehicle familiarity and safety · 1983 · Perel, Michael · archived
  160. AUTOMOBIL – selbstbewegtes Fahrzeug · 2019 · Bertram, Torsten et al. · archived
  161. Hazard and Safety Analysis of Automated Transit Bus Applications · 2020 · Becker, Christopher et al. · archived
  162. Vehicle Assist and Automation Demonstration Report · 2017 · Tan, Han-Shue et al. · archived
  163. Predicting Driver Takeover Time in Conditionally Automated Driving · 2021 · Ayoub, Jackie et al. · archived
  164. Characterizing Driver Trust in Vehicle Control Algorithm Parameters · 2018 · Domeyer, Joshua et al. · indexed
  165. Driving With a Partially Autonomous Forward Collision Warning System · 2012 · Muhrer, Elke et al. · indexed
  166. Editorial: Interaction between automated vehicles and other road users · 2023 · Wintersberger, Philipp et al. · archived
  167. A cross-methodological review on the safety effects of partial vehicle automation · 2026 · de Winkel, Ksander N et al. · indexed
  168. Driver Monitoring in the Context of Autonomous Vehicle · 2015 · Rahman Hamidur et al. · indexed
  169. Back to the future: Brake reaction times for manual and automated vehicles · 2006 · Young, Mark S. et al. · indexed
  170. What's around the corner? · 2014 · Beattie, David et al. · archived
  171. Evaluation of an Automotive Rear-End Collision Avoidance System · 2006 · Najm, Wassim et al. · archived
  172. Differing Perceptions of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) · 2016 · Crump, Caroline et al. · indexed
  173. Response to Emergency Vehicles When Driving in a Mixed Vehicle Fleet · 2024 · Sanchez, Robert et al. · archived
  174. Using Multiple Imperfect Diagnostic Automation · 2009 · Keller, David et al. · indexed
  175. Automated Vehicles and Adverse Weather: Final Report · 2019 · Neumeister, David M. et al. · archived
  176. On the Design of Adaptive Automation for Complex Systems · 2001 · Kaber, David et al. · indexed
  177. Haptic Shared Control for Dissipating Phantom Traffic Jams · 2024 · Abbink, David A. · archived
  178. Safety on the Italian Highways: Impacts of the Highway Chauffeur System · 2019 · Agriesti, Serio et al. · archived
  179. CooperationCaptcha · 2019 · Walch, Marcel et al. · indexed
  180. Emergency Manuever Experimentation Using a Driving Simulator · 1991 · Lechner, Daniël et al. · indexed
  181. 5. Probabilistic driver modeling · 2017 · Driggs-Campbell, Katherine et al. · indexed
  182. Automation Use: The Roles of Self-Confidence, Trust, and Workload · 2023 · Patton, Colleen E. · indexed
  183. Putting the Brakes on Autonomous Vehicle Control · 2016 · Funkhouser, Kelly et al. · indexed
  184. Hazard Analysis of Action Loops for Automated Vehicle Remote Operation · 2021 · Kamaraj, Amudha V. et al. · indexed
  185. Vehicle Automation and the Duty to Act · 2020 · Goodall, Noah J. · archived
  186. Stop or Go? Let me Know! · 2021 · Mirnig, Alexander G. et al. · indexed
  187. Potential benefits of an adaptive forward collision warning system · 2007 · Jamson, A. Hamish et al. · archived
  188. Volvo Drivers’ Experiences With Advanced Crash Avoidance and Related Technologies · 2013 · Eichelberger, Angela H. et al. · indexed
  189. Optimal Driver Warning Generation in Dynamic Driving Environment · 2024 · Li, Chenran et al. · archived
  190. Human Factors in Driving · 2023 · Donmez, Birsen et al. · indexed
  191. Stopping Performance in Familiar and Unfamiliar Vehicles · 1987 · Ranney, Thomas A. et al. · indexed
  192. Management of Multiple Uavs with Imperfect Automation · 2006 · Wickens, C. D. · indexed
  193. Modeling driver behavior during complex maneuvers · 2013 · Lin, Theresa et al. · indexed
  194. Social Cohesion in Autonomous Driving · 2018 · Landolfi, Nicholas C. et al. · archived
  195. Mitigating Safety Risks in Information Systems: A Self-Adaptive Approach · 2025 · Mughal, Shuja et al. · indexed
  196. Contingency planning for automated vehicles · 2016 · Salvado, João Cotter et al. · indexed
  197. CAPC: an implementation of a road-departure warning system · 2002 · LeBlanc, David J. et al. · indexed
  198. Autonomous intelligent cruise control · 1993 · Ioannou, P.A. et al. · archived
  199. Design Space of Behaviour Planning for Autonomous Driving · 2019 · Ilievski, Marko et al. · archived
  200. Using task analytic models to visualize model checker counterexamples · 2010 · Bolton, Matthew L. et al. · archived
  201. Experimental Security Analysis of a Modern Automobile · 2010 · Koscher, Karl et al. · indexed
  202. Fail-safe motion planning of autonomous vehicles · 2016 · Magdici, Silvia et al. · archived
  203. Autonomic systems design for ITS applications · 2013 · Kotsialos, Apostolos et al. · indexed
  204. Optimization based maneuver modification for Collision Avoidance System · 2009 · Ararat, Öncü et al. · indexed
  205. Special Issue on Latest Developments in Intelligent and Evolutionary Systems · 2013 · Kawakami, Hiroshi et al. · indexed