control interfaces

Driver input controls and how drivers physically operate the vehicle: steering-wheel buttons and switches, knobs, center-stack touchscreens, pedals, stalks, and gesture or rotary controllers. This is the input side of the HMI, distinct from the visual output surface it drives (display_design) and from the sensory alert channels that push information back to the driver (feedback_modes, haptic_feedback, auditory_warnings).

Relevant standards

  • ADR 18/03 — Australian Design Rule 18/03 – Instrumentation
  • ADR 42/05 — Australian Design Rule 42/05 – General Safety Requirements
  • CMVSS 101 — Controls, Tell-tales, Indicators and Sources of Illumination
  • FMVSS 101 — Controls and Displays
  • FMVSS 102 — Standard No. 102; Transmission shift position sequence, starter interlock, and transmission braking effect
  • GB/T 20608-2006 — Intelligent transportation systems — Adaptive cruise control systems — Performance requirements and test procedures
  • GB/T 39323-2020 — Performance requirement and testing method for lane keeping assist (LKA) system of passenger cars
  • GB/T 41796-2022 — Performance requirements and test methods for lane keeping assist system of commercial vehicles
  • ISO 12214:2018 — Road vehicles — Direction-of-motion stereotypes for automotive hand controls
  • ISO 15005:2017 — Road vehicles — Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems — Dialogue management principles and compliance procedures
  • ISO 16121-1:2012 — Road vehicles — Ergonomic requirements for the driver's workplace in line-service buses — Part 1: General description, basic requirements
  • ISO 16121-3:2011 — Road vehicles — Ergonomic requirements for the driver's workplace in line-service buses — Part 3: Information devices and controls
  • ISO 22840:2010 — Intelligent transport systems — Devices to aid reverse manoeuvres — Extended-range backing aid systems (ERBA)
  • ISO 23375:2023 — Intelligent transport systems — Collision evasive lateral manoeuvre systems (CELM) — Requirements and test procedures
  • ISO 2575:2021 — Road vehicles — Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales
  • ISO 2575:2021/Amd 1:2024 — Road vehicles — Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales — Amendment 1
  • ISO 3958:1996 — Passenger cars — Driver hand-control reach
  • ISO 4040:2009 — Road vehicles — Location of hand controls, indicators and tell-tales in motor vehicles
  • JIS D 0032:2011 — Road vehicles — Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales
  • SAE J1052 — Motor Vehicle Driver and Passenger Head Position
  • SAE J1100 — Motor Vehicle Dimensions
  • SAE J1138 — Design Criteria - Driver Hand Controls Location for Passenger Cars, Multipurpose Passenger Vehicles, and Trucks (10,000 GVW and Under)
  • SAE J1139 — Direction-of-Motion Stereotypes for Automotive Hand Controls
  • SAE J1516 — Accommodation Tool Reference Point for Class B Vehicles
  • SAE J1517 — Driver Selected Seat Position for Class B Vehicles - Seat Track Length and SgRP
  • SAE J2399 — Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) Operating Characteristics and User Interface
  • SAE J2402 — Road Vehicles - Symbols for Controls, Indicators, and Tell-Tales
  • SAE J287 — Driver Hand Control Reach
  • SAE J4002 — H-Point Machine (HPM-II) Specifications and Procedure for H-Point Determination — Auditing Vehicle Seats
  • SAE J826 — Devices for Use in Defining and Measuring Vehicle Seating Accommodation
  • UN ECE R121 — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to the location and identification of hand controls, tell-tales and indicators
  • UN ECE R141 — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to their Tyre Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS)
  • UN ECE R28 — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of audible warning devices and of motor vehicles with regard to their audible signals
  • UN ECE R39 — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to the speedometer and odometer equipment including its installation

Related elsewhere in the corpus

Topics that co-occur with this one far more than chance predicts — these sit in other categories, so the hierarchy would not have shown them to you.

Narrow by how the study was done

Counts are papers in this topic that declare the facet — these facets are sparsely declared, so a small number means few papers said, not few papers did. All facets.

Method 206 of 439 declare it
Instruments & Measures 59 of 439 declare it
Automation level 159 of 439 declare it
Dataset 9 of 439 declare it

439 paper(s) · ranked by relevance to this topic

  1. An Evaluation of Input Controls for In-Car Interactions · 2017 · Ng, Alexander et al. · indexed
  2. Gestural Interaction with In-Vehicle Audio and Climate Controls · 2010 · Chung, Chongyoon et al. · indexed
  3. Control Elements for Driver Assistance Systems · 2026 · Pfromm, Matthias et al. · indexed
  4. Exploring the back of the steering wheel · 2012 · Murer, Martin et al. · indexed
  5. Can You Still Look Up? Remote Rotary Controller vs. Touchscreen · 2017 · Zhang, Yu et al. · indexed
  6. Force-enabled Touch Input on the Steering Wheel · 2017 · Huber, Jochen et al. · indexed
  7. Eyes on the road, hands on the wheel · 2007 · González, Iván E. et al. · indexed
  8. Bionic – “Eyes-Free” Design of Secondary Driving Controls · 2020 · Summerskill, Steve et al. · indexed
  9. Possible applications for gestures while driving · 2018 · Zöller, Ilka et al. · archived
  10. Optimal interface location and limits of gesture proficiency in an automobile · 2012 · Eisert, Jesse L. et al. · indexed
  11. Haptic controls in cars for making driving more safe · 2009 · Asif, Fayez et al. · indexed
  12. Pointing Towards Future Automotive HMIs · 2014 · Zhang, Yu et al. · indexed
  13. How to make large touch screens usable while driving · 2013 · Rümelin, Sonja et al. · archived
  14. Driver-vehicle interfaces and interaction: where are they going? · 2009 · Damiani, Sergio et al. · archived
  15. Human Machine Interface Design for Driver Information Systems · 2002 · Ihara, Yasuhiro · indexed
  16. Putting the Joy in Driving · 2017 · Large, David R. et al. · indexed
  17. From Manual Driving to Automated Driving · 2019 · Ayoub, Jackie et al. · archived
  18. Review on Haptic Assistive Driving Systems Based on Drivers’ Steering-Wheel Operating Behaviour · 2022 · Noubissie Tientcheu, Simplice Igor et al. · indexed
  19. Visual-haptic interfaces in car design at BMW · 2008 · Bernstein, Alec et al. · indexed
  20. Steer-By-WiFi · 2018 · Schartmüller, Clemens et al. · indexed
  21. A Cascaded Multimodal Natural User Interface to Reduce Driver Distraction · 2020 · Kim, Myeongseop et al. · indexed
  22. Haptic Icons: A Hands-On Approach to Haptic HMI in Automated Vehicles · 2025 · Sarabia, Joseba et al. · archived
  23. Conduct-by-Wire : following a new paradigm for driving into the future · 2006 · Winner, Hermann et al. · indexed
  24. A review of in-vehicle touchscreen safety and usability · 2026 · DeGuzman, Chelsea A. et al. · indexed
  25. Interface Design for Responsible Remote Driving: A Study on Technological Mediation · 2025 · Variati, Gabriella Emma et al. · archived
  26. Driving as Side Task · 2021 · Detjen, Henrik et al. · indexed
  27. From HMI to HMIs: Towards an HMI Framework for Automated Driving · 2020 · Bengler, Klaus et al. · archived
  28. Interfaces, autonomy, & interactions in automobile driving · 2004 · Boer, Erwin R. et al. · indexed
  29. A haptically enabled CAN-based steering wheel controller · 2010 · Hogan, Paul et al. · indexed
  30. Four design choices for haptic shared control · 2017 · Abbink, David A. · indexed
  31. Driver Distraction Test Rig for HMI studies · 2009 · Shirley, D. et al. · indexed
  32. Developing a car gesture interface for use as a secondary task · 2003 · Alpern, Micah et al. · indexed
  33. A tactile interaction concept for in-car passenger infotainment systems · 2019 · Berger, Melanie et al. · archived
  34. Comparison of in-car touchpads with adaptive haptic feedback · 2012 · Blattner, Andreas et al. · indexed
  35. Developing a car gesture interface for use as a secondary task · 2003 · Alpern, Micah et al. · indexed
  36. Towards an Integrated Adaptive Automotive HMI for the Future · 2011 · Amditis, Angelos et al. · archived
  37. Human-Machine Interaction for Vehicles: Review and Outlook · 2018 · Kun, Andrew L. · indexed
  38. Driver Steering Performance Using Joystick vs. Steering Wheel Controls · 2003 · Andonian, Brian et al. · indexed
  39. A transforming steering wheel for highly automated cars · 2015 · Kerschbaum, Philipp et al. · indexed
  40. Exploring shared control in automated driving · 2016 · Johns, Mishel et al. · indexed
  41. Designing and Evaluating In-Car User-Interfaces · 2009 · Burnett, Gary · indexed
  42. A Topology of Shared Control Systems—Finding Common Ground in Diversity · 2018 · Abbink, David A. et al. · archived
  43. Designing and Evaluating In-Car User-Interfaces · 2008 · Burnett, Gary · indexed
  44. Haptic Feedback for Automotive Touchscreen Display · 2024 · Picardi, Andrea et al. · archived
  45. A Review of Shared Control for Automated Vehicles: Theory and Applications · 2020 · Marcano, Mauricio et al. · archived
  46. Designing a user-defined gesture vocabulary for an in-vehicle climate control system · 2016 · Fariman, Hessam Jahani et al. · indexed
  47. A compact driver interface for navigation and route guidance · 2002 · Kirson, A.M. · indexed
  48. System Ergonomics of the Vehicle · 2021 · Bubb, Heiner et al. · indexed
  49. Haptic Interface for Vehicular Touch Screens · 2013 · Colgate, J. Edward et al. · archived
  50. A study of unidirectional swipe gestures on in-vehicle touch screens · 2013 · Burnett, Gary et al. · indexed
  51. Designing and Evaluating In-Car User-Interfaces · 2011 · Burnett, Gary · indexed
  52. BIONIC – ‘eyes-free’ design of secondary driving controls · 2005 · Porter, J Mark et al. · indexed
  53. Driver–Steering Wheel Interaction during Cornering · 2024 · Previati, Giorgio et al. · indexed
  54. A Customizable Human/Vehicle Interface for Enhanced Operator Performance · 2007 · Jensen, Matthew et al. · indexed
  55. Ford’s Approach to Managing Driver Attention: SYNC and MyFord Touch · 2011 · Shutko, John et al. · indexed
  56. In-vehicle Information System Design · 2017 · McIlroy, Rich C. et al. · indexed
  57. A Multimodal Air Gesture Interface for In Vehicle Menu Navigation · 2014 · May, Keenan R et al. · indexed
  58. Acceptance of Haptic Shared Control Design Choices for Car Steering · 2025 · Huijsing, Kelsey N. et al. · indexed
  59. Evaluation of Driver Input Variations for Partially Automated Lane Changes · 2018 · Hornberger, Paul et al. · indexed
  60. HMI--NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND SAFETY ASPECTS · 2000 · Haller, Rudolf · indexed
  61. Haptic shared control: smoothly shifting control authority? · 2011 · Abbink, David A. et al. · archived
  62. Lateral control support for car drivers · 2007 · Jordan, Navarro et al. · indexed
  63. User interface design and verification for semi-autonomous driving · 2014 · Sadigh, Dorsa et al. · archived
  64. A New Haptic Shared Controller Reducing Steering Conflicts · 2018 · Scholtens, Wietske et al. · indexed
  65. Sharing Control With Haptics · 2012 · Mulder, Mark et al. · indexed
  66. Ecological Interface Design for Vehicle Locomotion Control · 2018 · van Paassen, Marinus M. et al. · indexed
  67. Human Factors Design Principles for the Driver-Vehicle Interface (DVI) · 2014 · Campbell, John L. et al. · indexed
  68. User-centred interior design of a small electric vehicle using RAMSIS · 2012 · Kremser, Florian et al. · indexed
  69. Study on the Driver/Steering Wheel Interaction in Emergency Situations · 2020 · Comolli, Francesco et al. · archived
  70. Understanding and Modeling the Human Driver · 2003 · Macadam, Charles C. · indexed
  71. Inventory of In-Vehicle Technology Human Factors Design Characteristics · 2002 · Llaneras, Robert E. et al. · indexed
  72. A New Haptic Shared Controller Reducing Steering Conflicts · 2018 · Abbink, David A. · indexed
  73. A human machine interface framework for autonomous vehicle control · 2017 · Nakagawa, Takuma et al. · indexed
  74. A mode of interaction for driver vehicle interface (DVI) · 2005 · Champoux, B. · indexed
  75. AutomotiveUI: Interacting with Technology in Vehicles · 2013 · Kun, Andrew L. et al. · indexed
  76. Instrumented Steering Wheel for Accurate ADAS Development · 2019 · Mastinu, Gianpiero et al. · indexed
  77. The Effect of Haptic Support Systems on Driver Performance: A Literature Survey · 2015 · Petermeijer, Sebastiaan M. et al. · indexed
  78. Expressive driver-vehicle interface design · 2011 · Hwang, Jee Yeon et al. · indexed
  79. Experimental Design for Human-in-the-Loop Driving Simulations · 2014 · Driggs-Campbell, Katherine et al. · archived
  80. A 3DoF-sidestick user interface for four wheel independent steering vehicles · 2015 · Panzirsch, Michael et al. · indexed
  81. Haptic Steering Support for Driving Near the Vehicle's Handling Limits: Test-Track Case · 2014 · Katzourakis, Diomidis I. et al. · indexed
  82. Humanized Steering Wheel Quality Design and Upgrade Model Construction · 2022 · Ji, Yunxiao et al. · indexed
  83. Touch screen driving: A novel and efficient design for automation · 2014 · Singh, Guyshirjit · indexed
  84. A Single-arm Mode for Operating Steering Wheel in Robot Driving · 2024 · Zhu, Xin et al. · indexed
  85. Learning haptic feedback for guiding driver behavior · 2005 · Goodrich, Michael A. et al. · indexed
  86. Mode confusion of human–machine interfaces for automated vehicles · 2022 · Eom, Hwisoo et al. · indexed
  87. A Visual Study of In-vehicle Human-machine Interaction Interface · 2022 · Xu, Bingbing et al. · indexed
  88. Applying participatory design to symbols for SAE level 2 automated driving systems · 2019 · Perrier, Mickaël J. R. et al. · archived
  89. Control Transition Interfaces in Semiautonomous Vehicles · 2017 · Mirnig, Alexander G. et al. · indexed
  90. Driver behaviour during haptic and visual secondary tasks · 2009 · Rydström, Annie et al. · indexed
  91. Keeping the Driver in the Loop While Using Assistance Systems · 2007 · Mayser, Christoph et al. · indexed
  92. Teaching Multimodal Interaction in Cars to First-time Users · 2026 · Marinissen, Thomas et al. · archived
  93. Highly automated driving with a decoupled steering wheel · 2014 · Kerschbaum, Philipp et al. · indexed
  94. Reduced Input Throw and High-speed Driving · 2007 · McDowell, Kaleb et al. · indexed
  95. Haptic gas pedal feedback · 2008 · Mulder, Mark et al. · indexed
  96. The Simulation of Driver Inputs Using a Vehicle Driver Model · 2000 · Day, Terry D. et al. · indexed
  97. A Three-Dimensional Musculoskeletal Driver Model to Study Steering Tasks · 2013 · Mehrabi, Naser et al. · indexed
  98. User-centered Design Criteria in Next Generation Vehicle Consoles · 2016 · Gibson, Zara et al. · indexed
  99. A wireless steering wheel gripping sensor for hands on/off detection · 2016 · Muhlbacher-Karrer, Stephan et al. · indexed
  100. Multimodal contextual car-driver interface · 2003 · Siewiorek, D. et al. · indexed
  101. Human Factors Engineering the TravTek Driver Interface · 1991 · Dingus, Thomas A. et al. · indexed
  102. Shared control for road departure prevention · 2011 · Katzourakis, D. et al. · indexed
  103. Ecological Driving with Multisensory Information · 2017 · McIlroy, Rich C. et al. · indexed
  104. Challenges and Opportunities in Developing Next Generation In-Vehicle HMI Systems · 2019 · Williamson, Rebecca et al. · indexed
  105. A surface electromyography controlled steering assistance interface · 2019 · Nacpil, Edric John Cruz et al. · indexed
  106. Automotive HMI design and participatory user involvement: review and perspectives · 2016 · François, Mathilde et al. · indexed
  107. A Technology Scan of Touchscreen Trends in Passenger Vehicles · 2024 · DeGuzman, Chelsea A. et al. · indexed
  108. Study on Human-machine Interface of Omnidirectional Vehicle · 2021 · TATSUGUCHI, Koki et al. · indexed
  109. Driver adaptation to haptic shared control of the steering wheel · 2014 · Mars, Franck et al. · indexed
  110. Neuromuscular Analysis as a Guideline in designing Shared Control · 2010 · Abbink, David A. et al. · archived
  111. Tutorial on Prototyping the HMI for Autonomous Vehicles · 2016 · Gowda, Nikhil et al. · indexed
  112. Steering Force Feedback for Human–Machine-Interface Automotive Experiments · 2010 · Katzourakis, Diomidis et al. · indexed
  113. Driver Control Actions in High-Speed Circular Driving · 2011 · Katzourakis, Diomidis et al. · indexed
  114. Towards a non-contact driver-vehicle interface · 2002 · McAllister, G. et al. · indexed
  115. Aircraft Pilot and Operator Interfaces · 2010 · Cummings, Mary L. et al. · indexed
  116. Adaptive Haptic Feedback Steering Wheel for Driving Simulators · 2008 · Mohellebi, Hakim et al. · indexed
  117. MPC-based shared steering control for automated driving systems · 2017 · Guo, Chunshi et al. · indexed
  118. The iconography of vehicle automation—a focus group study · 2021 · Richardson, Joy et al. · archived
  119. The impact of force feedback level on steering performance · 2013 · Anand, S. et al. · indexed
  120. Motor Vehicle Driver Interfaces · 2026 · Green, Paul A. · indexed
  121. Automated driving aids · 2013 · Heymann, Michael et al. · indexed
  122. Haptic Seat Interfaces for Driver Information and Warning Systems · 2011 · Chang, Wonsuk et al. · indexed
  123. The design of an in-vehicle assistance system to support eco-driving · 2015 · Hibberd, Daryl et al. · archived
  124. Human-in-the-Loop in Partial Driving Automation · 2025 · Fuchs, Robert et al. · indexed
  125. Incorporating Operator States in Driver Assistance Systems Control · 2009 · Breugelmans, Jeffrey et al. · indexed
  126. Power-Steering Control Architecture for Automatic Driving · 2005 · Naranjo, José Eugenio et al. · archived
  127. A Control Authority Transition System for Collision and Accident Avoidance · 2003 · Acarman, Tankut et al. · indexed
  128. Mode confusion in driver interfaces for adaptive cruise control systems · 2014 · Lee, Sang Hun et al. · indexed
  129. Control design of steering assistance system for driver characteristics · 2003 · Fujiwara, Y. et al. · indexed
  130. Studies on Influencing Factors of Driver Steering Torque Feedback · 2015 · Jiang, Yuyao et al. · indexed
  131. A man-machine interface for a teleoperated vehicle · 2002 · Veiga, P. et al. · indexed
  132. Radio Usage: Observations from the 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study · 2007 · Neurauter, M. Lucas et al. · indexed
  133. Comfortable Hand Control Reach of Passenger Car Drivers · 1977 · Hallén, Anders · indexed
  134. Measurement and Interpretation of Driver Steering Behavior and Performance · 1973 · Weir, David H. et al. · indexed
  135. Characterizing Driver Trust in Vehicle Control Algorithm Parameters · 2018 · Domeyer, Joshua et al. · indexed
  136. Changes in Driver Steering Control with Learning · 1978 · Smiley, Alison et al. · indexed
  137. Reducing steering wheel stiffness is beneficial in supporting evasive maneuvers · 2010 · Penna, Mauro Della et al. · indexed
  138. The Design of Haptic Gas Pedal Feedback to Support Eco-Driving · 2013 · Jamson, Hamish et al. · indexed
  139. Gaze-controlled driving · 2009 · Tall, Martin et al. · indexed
  140. Heuristic Evaluation of A Tesla Model 3 Interface · 2019 · Parkhurst, Eva L. et al. · indexed
  141. Analysis of Driver-Vehicle Interface Using Three-Dimensional Coordinates · 2001 · Chung, Sung-Jae et al. · indexed
  142. Driver Differentiation With Seat Settings: Part I—Component Selection · 2010 · Flannagan, Carol et al. · indexed
  143. Investigating visual dominance with a virtual driving task · 2015 · Alshaer, Abdulaziz et al. · indexed
  144. The LABY Microworld · 2014 · Imbert, Jean-Paul et al. · indexed
  145. On learning discontinuous human control strategies · 2001 · Nechyba, Michael C. et al. · indexed
  146. Driver verification based on handgrip recognition on steering wheel · 2011 · Chen, Ronghua et al. · indexed
  147. Steering a Tractor by Means of an EMG-Based Human-Machine Interface · 2011 · Gomez-Gil, Jaime et al. · indexed
  148. Fault-tolerant drive-by-wire systems · 2002 · Isermann, R. et al. · indexed
  149. Three‐dimensional analysis of a driver‐passenger vehicle interface · 2004 · Chung, Sung‐Jae et al. · indexed
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  151. Driver Recognition Based on Dynamic Handgrip Pattern on Steeling Wheel · 2011 · Chen, Ronghua et al. · indexed
  152. Methods for Laboratory Investigation of Truck and Bus Driver Postures · 2000 · Reed, Matthew P. et al. · indexed
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  157. A top-down integration approach to vehicle stability control · 2007 · Li, Daofei et al. · indexed
  158. Automobile Brake-by-Wire Control System Design and Analysis · 2008 · Xiang, Weidong et al. · indexed
  159. THE ROLE OF STEERING COLUMNS IN DRIVER SAFETY · 2025 · Rudzinskas, Vitalijus et al. · indexed
  160. User-focused IVI-COM driver development · 2004 · Rajendran, R. · indexed
  161. Digital Human Model for Driver Seat Adjustment Range Determination · 2010 · Gragg, Jared et al. · indexed
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